Abstract: Proteus syndrome is an extremely rare congenital disorder with progressive asymmetric overgrowth of multiple tissues. The etiology is unknown to date. The aim of this article was to describe the clinical and radiographic periodontal findings and other oral manifestations in a patient with Proteus syndrome. A 13-year-old Caucasian Brazilian girl with Proteus syndrome was evaluated by means of clinical examination and full-mouth intraoral radiographic analysis. The patient showed skeletal malformations; gigantism; facial phenotype; and overgrowth of multiple tissues, including disproportionate overgrowth of skull, left hand, and lower limbs. Evaluation of the plantar surface of the left foot showed cerebriform connective nevus. The hands also showed reduced range of motion. Intraoral examination revealed enamel hypoplasia of permanent teeth restricted to the left side of the mouth, generalized gingival overgrowth, abundant dental plaque, and malpositioned teeth. Neither periodontal pockets nor alveolar bone destruction were detected. In conclusion, oral manifestations of Proteus syndrome may include gingival overgrowth and malposition of teeth, as well as unilateral enamel hypoplasia, as shown in this case report.

Abstract: In the present study we characterized titanium (Ti) surfaces submitted to different treatments and evaluated the response of osteoblasts derived from human alveolar bone to these surfaces. Five different surfaces were evaluated: ground (G), ground and chemical etched (G1-HF for 60 s), sand blasted (SB-Al(2)O(3) particles 65 mum), sand blasted and chemical etched (SLA1-HF for 60 s and SLA2-HF for 13 s). Surface morphology was evaluated under SEM and roughness parameters by contact scanning instrument. The presence of Al(2)O(3) was detected by EDS and the amount calculated by digital analyses. Osteoblasts were cultured on these surfaces and it was evaluated: cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, total protein content, and matrix mineralization formation. Physical and chemical treatments produced very different surface morphologies. Al(2)O(3) residues were detected on SB and SLA2 surfaces. Only matrix mineralization formation was affected by different surface treatments, being increased on rough surface (SLA1) and reduced on surface with high amount of Al(2)O(3) residues (SB). On the basis of these findings, it is possible to conclude that high concentration of residual Al(2)O(3) negatively interfere with the process of matrix mineralization formation in contact with Ti implant surfaces.

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