
National Technical University of Athens,
Department of Surveying Engineering,
Heroon Polytechniou 9,
15780 Zografou,
Greece
![]() | ddeli@mail.ntua.gr |
Books | |
2011 |
|
1986 |
D E Wells, N Beck, D Delikaraoglou, A Kleusberg, E J Krakiwsky, G Lachapelle, R B Langley, M Nakiboglu, K P Schwarz, J M Tranquilla, P Vanicek (1986) Guide to GPS Positioning Edited by:Canadian GPS Associates. Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada: The University of New Brunswick Abstract: Το εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏγγÏαμμα ήÏαν Ïο εÏακÏλοÏ
θο ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î»ÎξεÏν και εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÏν ÏεμιναÏίÏν, Ïε εÏαγγελμαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Î·ÏανικοÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÏÏν κλάδÏν, Ïε θÎμαÏα ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î Î±Î³ÎºÏÏμιοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï EνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï GPS. ÎÏοÏελεί Îνα αÏ
ÏοδÏναμο Î¿Î´Î·Î³Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο GPS, ÏÏεδιαÏμÎνο για να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι αÏÏ ÏοÏογÏάÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ άλλοÏ
Ï Î¼Î·ÏανικοÏÏ, γεÏÏÏ
ÏικοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεολÏγοÏ
Ï, μηÏανικοÏÏ Ï
δÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏκεανογÏάÏοÏ
Ï, δαÏολÏγοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μηÏανικοÏÏ Î³ÎµÏÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏ:
- οδηγÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïο-διδαÏκαλίαÏ
- Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î»ÎξεÏν για μαθήμαÏα Ïε ÏανεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¹Î±ÎºÏ ÎµÏίÏεδο
- Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¾Î·Ï Î³Î¹Î± εÏιμοÏÏÏÏικά ÏεμινάÏια και ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο GPS
Το ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιαζÏμενο Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏο βιβλίο διαÏηÏήθηκε εÏκεμμÎνα, καÏά Ïο δÏ
ναÏÏν Ïε εÏίÏεδο γενικÏν ÏεÏνικÏν αÏÏÏν, ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏλÏν ÏÏν θεÏÏηÏικÏν και ÏÏακÏικÏν ÏλεÏ
ÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï GPS. Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, αÏοÏελεί μια εμÏεÏιÏÏαÏÏμÎνη ειÏαγÏγή ÏÏην ÏεÏνολογία GPS, ÏαÏά μια διεξοδική ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏεÏνικÏν λεÏÏομεÏειÏν ή εÏεÏ
νηÏικÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS. Πδομή ÏοÏ
βιβλίοÏ
διαμοÏÏÏνεÏαι Ïε ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÎÏ Î¸ÎµÎ¼Î±ÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏηÏεÏ:
ï§ Î ÎµÏιγÏαÏή ÏοÏ
GPS (κεÏ. 1-5)
ï§ Î£Ï
λλογή μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS και ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î±Ï
ÏÏν (κεÏ. 6-10)
ï§ ÎÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
GPS (κεÏ. 11-15)
ï§ ÎÎκÏÎµÏ GPS (ΠαÏαÏÏ. Î)
Î ÏμημαÏική αÏ
Ïή δομή εÏιÏÏÎÏει, ÏÏÏε Ïο ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιαζÏμενο Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î½Î± μÏοÏεί να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί εξ ολοκλήÏοÏ
, για μια ÏÏ
νολική ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï GPS, ή Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î½Î± μÏοÏεί να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί για Ïιο εξειδικεÏ
μÎνα ακÏοαÏήÏια.
Notes: Many newcomers to GPS continue to express an interest in obtaining copies of this classic GPS text which was a Canadian technical "best seller" with over 12,000 copies sold worldwide. It is true that there have been many advances in GPS positioning during the more than 20 years since the book was originally published, particularly in receiver design and operation. However, the basic concepts of legacy GPS have not changed and much of the material in the book is still relevant. So to meet the continuing demand, it was reprinted in a cost-effective format as a University of New Brunswick Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering lecture note in: http://gge.unb.ca/Pubs/LN58.pdf. UNB is one of North America's leading GPS research centres.
It is also available for download from the following web site of the Department of Geomatics Engineering, The University of Calgary: http://plan.geomatics.ucalgary.ca/papers/guide_to_gps_positioning_ebook.pdf
|
Journal articles | |
2011 |
G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou (2011) On the gradient of curvature of the plumblines of the Earth's normal gravity field and its isocurvature lines Studia Geophysica & Geodรฆtica 55: 3. 501-514 Abstract: This paper presents an approach to determine the gradient of curvature of the normal plumblines at a point P above the ellipsoid and introduces a new geometrical object which is the isocurvature line. The assumed facts are the coordinates of the point P and the formula for the normal gravity potential U. For the determination of the gradient of the normal plumbline curvature k at the point P we define a small circle on the meridian plane of P whose center is at the point P. The circle has the radius of ε = 1 m and interior D. In this circle we construct a function ka to approximate the curvature function k. The function ka is a quotient of polynomials hence it is easy to find its partial derivatives at the point P i.e. grad ka(P). For the construction of the function ka we make the assumption that in the interior of the circle D the first order partial derivatives of U behave linearly and the second order partial derivatives have constant values which equal their value at the point P and then we set grad k(P) = grad ka(P). An isocurvature line of the normal gravity field passing through a point P is a curve Ä such that the value of the function of the plumblinesâ curvature k is constant and equals k(P). We give a formula to find the direction of the isocurvature line on the meridian plane and we prove that there are infinitely many isocurvature lines passing through the point P and they all lie on a special surface, the isocurvature surface. Notes:
|
2009 |
George Miliaresis, Demitris Delikaraoglou (2009) Effects of Percent Tree Canopy Density and DEM Misregistration on SRTM/NED Vegetation Height Estimates Remote Sensing 1: (2). 36-49 April Abstract: The U.S National Elevation Dataset and the NLCD 2001 landcover data were
used to test the correlation between SRTM elevation values and the height of evergreen
forest vegetation in the Klamath Mountains of California.Vegetation height estimates
(SRTM-NED) are valid only for the two out of eight (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW)
geographic directions, due to NED and SRTM grid data misregistration. Penetration depths
of SRTM radar were found to linearly correlate to tree percent canopy density. Notes:
|
2008 |
D Delikaraoglou (2008) The Hellenic Positioning System (HEPOS) and its foreseeable implications on the Spatial Data Infrastructure in Greece ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฮฌ ฮงฯฮฟฮฝฮนฮบฮฌ ฮคฮฮ. / Tech. Chron. Sci. J., Tech. Chamber of Greece , Vol. 28: 1-2. , pp. 95-103 Abstract: In the last few years, Greece has responded to and participated in various European Spatial
Data Infrastructure (ESDI) initiatives. This has made many government organizations to
increasingly realize that spatial information has an important role to play in the development
process of the country, mostly by providing an economic value and also contributing to
several policy areas concerned with environmental and social needs. Most relevant initiatives
in this direction have focused so far on developing, mainly through the Hellenic Cadastre
Project, the legal framework needed to underpin the creation of a national SDI (NSDI),
starting from priorities aiming to utilize many applications relying on geospatial information
for the development of national or regional social benefit programs and services, and in
supporting the shared objectives of various national surveying and mapping authorities.
One fundamental component of these efforts has been identified as the urgent need to
establish a robust modern geodetic framework that will rely on the establishment and
operation (before the end of 2007) of the so-called Hellenic Positioning (Services) System (or
HEPOS), to be based on a network of some 100 continuously operating GPS reference
stations which will be broadcasting and storing signal and positional correction information
to be used by suitably equipped users. HEPOS will be capable of delivering centimetre-level
positioning accuracy in real-time throughout Greece, thus allowing all data and observations
that form the basis for geographic information systems to tie all geographical features to a
common, nationally used horizontal and vertical coordinate system, for all layers of
information while maintaining seamless stability for both the geodetic and cadastre
frameworks.
This paper looks at the many practical implications, for the providers and users of SDI in
Greece, which undoubtedly will be brought about by the improvements foreseen from the
establishment of HEPOS and the combined advances anticipated by the ongoing
developments of the next generation GNSS systems. The discussion will present the current
HEPOS activities in Greece and the critical underlying factors which will contribute toward a
convergence between the Geodesy and the Cadastre frameworks. The latter can act as a
significant layer of the SDI for Greece, as well as improving efficiencies and advancing new
and innovative spatial applications, such as integrated surveying techniques supported by the
HEPOS network, thus allowing the modern professional surveyors to provide value-added
services and expand their business activities into non-traditional surveying engineering areas.
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏα ÏελεÏ
Ïαία ÏÏÏνια, η Îλλάδα ÎÏει αÏοκÏιθεί και ÎÏει ÏÏ
μμεÏάÏÏει ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏαÏκÎÏ ÏÏÏÏοβοÏ
Î»Î¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία εθνικÏν ÏÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏοδομÏν. ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎÏει αÏ
ξήÏει Ïη ÏÏ
νειδηÏοÏοίηÏη ÏολλÏν κÏ
βεÏνηÏικÏν ÏοÏÎÏν ÏÏι οι ÏÏÏικÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν Îναν ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏλο να ÏαίξοÏ
ν ÏÏη διαδικαÏία ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏαÏ, κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏαÏÎÏονÏÎ±Ï ÏημανÏικά οικονομικά οÏÎλη και ÏÏ
μβάλλονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη διαÏÏÏÏν ÏεÏνικÏν ÎÏγÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏν με ÏεÏιβαλλονÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ κοινÏνικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ. Îι ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏÏÏοβοÏ
Î»Î¯ÎµÏ Ïε αÏ
Ïήν Ïην καÏεÏθÏ
νÏη ÎÏοÏ
ν εÏÏιάÏει μÎÏÏι ÏÏÏα ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη, κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î¼ÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, ÏοÏ
Î½Î¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏλαιÏίοÏ
ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏείÏαι για να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏιÏθεί η δημιοÏ
Ïγία Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÏÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν, αÏÏικά μÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÏοÏεÏαιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏεÏοÏ
ν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏίζονÏαι Ïε ÏÏÏικÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÏν εθνικÏν ή ÏεÏιÏεÏειακÏν ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν κοινÏνικÏν ÏαÏοÏÏν και Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν, και ÏÏην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÏν κοινÏν ÏÏÏÏÏν ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÏν και άλλÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏν ÏοÏÎÏν.
Î©Ï Î²Î±ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏ
ÏÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎÏει ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÏεί η εÏείγοÏ
Ïα ανάγκη να θεÏÏιÏÏεί μια ÏÏγÏÏονη γεÏδαιÏική Ï
Ïοδομή ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏηÏιÏθεί ÏÏην καθιÎÏÏÏη και Ïη λειÏοÏ
Ïγία (ÏÏιν αÏÏ Ïο ÏÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
2007) ÏοÏ
αÏοκαλοÏμενοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î£Ï
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï (Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν) ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (ή HEPOS αÏÏ Ïην αγγλική ονομαÏία ÏοÏ
, Hellenic Positioning System), Ïο οÏοίο θα βαÏίζεÏαι Ïε Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο ÏεÏίÏοÏ
100 ÏÏαθμÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï GPS ÏοÏ
θα αÏοθηκεÏοÏ
ν και θα μεÏαδίδοÏ
ν (μÎÏÏ ÏÏν δικÏÏÏν κινηÏÎ®Ï ÏηλεÏÏνίαÏ) δεδομÎνα GPS και καÏÎ¬Î»Î»Î·Î»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î¿ÏθÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Ïάλληλα εξοÏλιÏμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. Το HEPOS θα ÏαÏÎÏει δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ ακÏίβεια εκαÏοÏÏÏμεÏÏοÏ
και Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο Ïε Ïλη Ïην Îλλάδα, εÏιÏÏÎÏονÏÎ±Ï ÎÏÏι Ïη γεÏαναÏοÏά Ïε Îνα κοινÏ, ÏÎ±Î½ÎµÎ»Î»Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏλÏν ÏÏν γεÏγÏαÏικά εξαÏÏημÎνÏν ÏÏοιÏείÏν και ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
αÏοÏελοÏν Ïη βάÏη για Ïα ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν, Ïην εθνική γεÏδαιÏική Ï
Ïοδομή, Ïο ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο κ.ά.
Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία εξεÏάζει ÏÎ¹Ï ÏολλÎÏ ÏÏακÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιÏÏÏÏειÏ, ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏομηθεÏ
ÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏοδομÏν ÏÏην Îλλάδα, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î¼ÏιÏβήÏηÏα θα εÏÎλθοÏ
ν αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλÎÏονÏαι με Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία και Ïη λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
HEPOS και ÏÏν ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνÏν ÏÏοÏδÏν ÏοÏ
αναμÎνονÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎµÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï Î³ÎµÎ½ÎµÎ¬Ï. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι οι ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
HEPOS ÏÏην Îλλάδα και ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÏίÏιμοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ»Î»Î¿ÏεÏονÏÎµÏ ÏαÏάγονÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏ
μβάλοÏ
ν ÏÏη ÏÏγκλιÏη μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î·Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
. ÎναδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι Ïα ÏÏÏικά δεδομÎνα και Ïα ÏÏοÏÏνÏα ÏοÏ
HEPOS Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏικÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να ενεÏγήÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± ÏημανÏικÏÏαÏη ÏÏ
νιÏÏÏÏα ÏÏν ÏÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏοδομÏν για Ïην Îλλάδα, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να βελÏιÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην αÏοδοÏικÏÏηÏα ÏÏν μελλονÏικÏν διαδικαÏιÏν ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏÏÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν και να ÏÏοÏθήÏοÏ
ν νÎÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καινοÏÏÎ¼ÎµÏ ÏÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, εÏιÏÏÎÏονÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏγÏÏονοÏ
Ï ÎµÏαγγελμαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Î·ÏανικοÏÏ Î½Î± ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏÏιθεμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î±Î¾Î¯Î±Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να εÏεκÏείνοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιÏειÏηÏιακÎÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Ïε μη ÏαÏαδοÏιακοÏÏ ÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν και ÏÏν γεÏεÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
Ï.
Notes: Originally presented at the FIG Commission 3 Workshop on âSpatial Information Management toward legalizing informal urban developementâ, Athens, Greece, 28-31 March.
ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏιμο online ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¹ÏÏοÏÎµÎ»Î¯Î´ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ΠΣÎΤΠκαι Ïα ΤεÏνικά ΧÏονικά/ Also available from the following links: http://62.38.203.213/psdatm/docs/FIG_Com3_Workshop/13_The_HEPOS_and_its_foreseeable_implicationsthe_Spatial_Data_Infrastructure_in_Greece.pdf
http://www.survey.ntua.gr/geohopper/iCommons/ePubl_DDeli/DDeli_2007_FIG_HEPOS_SDI.pdf
|
1992 |
M E Cannon, K P Schwarz, M Wei, D Delikaraoglou (1992) A consistency test of airborne GPS using multiple monitor stations Journal of Geodesy 66: (1). 2-11 Abstract: In October 1990, several airborne GPS tests
were conducted in the Ottawa region by the
Canada Centre for Surveying (CCS) and the
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS).
Ashtech XII receivers were located at up to three
monitor stations with baseline lengths to the
aircraft ranging from 1-200 km. Approximately
two hours of airborne data, collected at a 2 Hz
rate, were available for each of the three test days.
Post-processing of the differential data was done
using the University of Calgary's SEMIKIN
package which utilizes a Kalman filter algorithm
to estimate both the remote receiver's position and
velocity. Comparisons were made between the
aircraft position and velocity determined from
each of the monitor stations to assess the
consistency of differential GPS when different
reference stations are used. Results show that the
degree of consistency is dependent upon the
distance to the monitor stations. Agreement at the
decimetre-level is achieved in position when the
baseline lengths are within 100 km. Agreement in
velocity is usually better than 1 cm/sec (RMS).
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÏειÏαμαÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS Ïε αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
εκÏελÎÏÏηκαν Ïον ÎκÏÏβÏιο 1990 ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή ÏÎ·Ï Ottawa, Ontario ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, αÏÏ Ïα ÎÎνÏÏα ΤηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏÎ·Ï (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, CCRS) και ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Canada Centre for Surveying, CCS) ÏοÏ
Î¥ÏοÏ
ÏγείοÏ
ÎνÎÏÎ³ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ΦÏ
ÏικÏν Î ÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, με ÏκοÏÏ Î½Î± εξεÏαÏÏοÏν Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏν ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα, δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεÏιοÏιÏμοί, αÏÏ Ïην ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη ÏÏήÏη ÏολλαÏλÏν εÏίγειÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS, καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS για αεÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïον ακÏιβή ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏοκάμεÏÎ±Ï (ή άλλÏν οÏγάνÏν, ÏÏÏÏ Ïο ηλεκÏÏο-οÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα MEIS-II ÏοÏ
CCRS) ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏονικÎÏ ÏÏιγμÎÏ Î»Î®ÏεÏÏ ÏÏν αεÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏιÏν ή ÏηÏιακÏν εικÏνÏν. Το άÏθÏο ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏαÏ
ÏοÏÏÏνÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS, αÏÏ ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎµÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ, για ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎÏÎµÏ ÏειÏαμάÏÏν, κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν και γεÏμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS. ΣÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν GPS, αÏÏ Ïον εκάÏÏοÏε εÏίγειο ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏάÏ, ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïη εκάÏÏοÏε θÎÏη και Ïην ÏαÏÏÏηÏα ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï (ανά 30 sec), Îδειξαν ÏÏι η ÏÏ
μÏÏνία ÏÏν ÏÏοÏδιοÏιζÏμενÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν θÎÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, εξαÏÏάÏαι αÏÏ Ïην αÏÏÏÏαÏη μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
εÏίγειοÏ
ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï. Îενικά αÏοδείκÏηκε, ÏÏι η ÏÏ
μÏÏνία ÏÏν ÏÏοÏδιοÏιζÏμενÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν θÎÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï, καÏά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι και δÏο ÏÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏοÏδιοÏίζονÏαι ανεξάÏÏηÏα αÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ ÏÏαθμÏ, είναι εÏικÏή Ïε εÏίÏεδα ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï (rms) ±10 cm (ÏÏη θÎÏη) και λιγÏÏεÏο αÏÏ 1 cm/sec (ÏÏην ÏαÏÏÏηÏα), εÏ' ÏÏον Ïο αεÏοÏκάÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ¹Î½ÎµÎ¯Ïαι Ïε αÏÏÏÏαÏη μÎÏÏι 100 km αÏÏ Ïον εκάÏÏοÏε εÏίγειο ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏάÏ. Notes: Also available (as a secured resource) from Springer in: http://www.springerlink.com/content/lv5037803120v701/fulltext.pdf
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ฮ ฮคฮถฮนฮฝฮนฮญฯฮทฯ, ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(1992) ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮดฯ
ฮฑฯฮผฯฯ GPS/GIS: ฮฯฮณฮฑฮปฮตฮฏฮฟ ฮฃฯ
ฮปฮปฮฟฮณฮฎฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฮนฮฑฯฮตฮฏฯฮนฯฮทฯ ฮฯฮทฮผฮฑฯฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฮฮตฮดฮฟฮผฮญฮฝฯฮฝ (Combining GPS/GIS: Tools for the Collection and Maintainance of Cadastre Data, paper in Greek) ฮฮตฮปฯฮฏฮฟ ฮ ฮฑฮฝฮตฮปฮปฮทฮฝฮฏฮฟฯ
ฮฃฯ
ฮปฮปฯฮณฮฟฯ
ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮฟฯฯฯฮฝ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ 107. 13-27 ฮฮฟฮตฮผ.-ฮฮตฮบ. Abstract: Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏιζικÎÏ Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÎÏει η ÏÏήÏη GPS ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν, ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÏον ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏλο ÏοÏ
για Ïην ίδÏÏ
Ïη δικÏÏÏν αναÏοÏάÏ, ÏοÏ
είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏα για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι οι γενικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
(Ï.Ï. εÏικÏÎÏ Î±ÎºÏίβειεÏ, ÏαÏαγÏγικÏÏηÏα ÏεÏνικÏν ÏεδίοÏ
, κλÏ.), ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι άμεÏα με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
Ïε ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ GIS (Ï.Ï. ÏÏ
λλογή ÏÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν με μεγάλη ακÏίβεια και Î¿Î¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÏÏÏοÏ) και για νÎÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏμαÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î·Î»ÎµÎºÏÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏηÏ. ΠεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏική αναÏοÏά ÏÏα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά και ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏεÏνικÏν ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ, με μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏάÏεÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏαÏικÎÏ, κινημαÏικÎÏ, γÏήγοÏÎµÏ ÏÏαÏικÎÏ, ÏεÏ
δο-κινημαÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ημι-κινημαÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏζονÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏάξη για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏογÏαÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ. Î©Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS Ïε ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ, εξεÏάζονÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î¿Î¹ δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏάδιο εκÏÎλεÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν αεÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏήÏεÏν και ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÎµÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμοÏÏ. Notes:
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1991 |
J Kouba, J Popelar, D Delikaraoglou (1991) GPS Orbit Monitoring and Data Analysis in Canada Advances in Space Research 11: 6. 193-196 Abstract: The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and the Canada Centre for Surveying (CCS) are
collaborating in a pilot project to operationally test a prototype Active Control System
(ACS). Computer controlled T14100 GPS receivers have been set up at the Algonquin Radio
Observatory (ARO), Ont., the Pacific Geoscience Centre (PGC), B.C. and the Yellowknife
Seismological Station (YSS), NWT to collect GPS pseudorange and phase observations for
satellites in common view and ground meteorological data. The operations are fully automated
including regular daily data communications to processing facilities in Ottawa. The daily
ARO-PGC baseline solutions based on broadcast orbits from December 1989 to June 1990 show an
RMS repeatability of 0.7 - 1.1 rn corresponding to 0.3 ppm of the baseline length whereas RMS
corrections to short arc orbits (positioned and oriented according to broadcast orbits) range
from 5 to 51 m. The Selective Availability (SA) errors observed had the character of a second
order Gauss-Markov process with a corresponding to about 0.1 m/s in range rate and
correlation time of only 4.3 minutes. Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΠεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏÎ»Î¿Î³Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά και ÏοÏ
ÎμοÏÏÎ¿Î½Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÎνÏÏοÏ
ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά Ïε Îνα ÏιλοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎÏγο ÏοÏ
αÏοÏκοÏεί ÏÏο να εξεÏαÏÏεί η εÏιÏειÏηÏιακή λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ενÏÏ ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ενεÏγÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS, Ïο αÏοκαλοÏμενο Active Control System (ACS). ÎÏ
ÏÏ Î±ÏοÏελείÏαι αÏÏ GPS δÎκÏÎµÏ TI-4100 ÏοÏ
καθοδηγοÏνÏαι αÏ
ÏÏμαÏα αÏÏ Î/Î¥ και ÎÏοÏ
ν εγκαÏαÏÏαθεί ÏÏο ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï VLBI ÏοÏ
Algonquin Park (Algonquin Radio Observatory, ARO) ÏÏο Ontario, ÏÏο Pacific Geoscience Centre (PGC) ÏÏη British Columbia (δÏ
Ïική ακÏή ÏοÏ
Îαναδά) και ÏÏο ÏειÏÎ¼Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï ÏÏο Yellowknife, North Western Territories ÏÏ
λλÎγονÏÎ±Ï Ïε 24η βάÏη μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏεÏ
δοαÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ¿Î¹Î½Î¬ οÏαÏοÏÏ GPS δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μεÏεÏÏολογικά δεδομÎνα. Îι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν είναι ÏλήÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏομαÏοÏοιημÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνÏν ÏÏν καθημεÏινÏν μεÏαδÏÏεÏν ÏÏν ÏÏ
λλεγμÎνÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ³ÎºÎ±ÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏην ÎÏÏάβα. Îι καθημεÏινÎÏ ÎµÏιλÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν βάÏεÏν ARO-PGC βαÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎºÏεμÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïον ÎεκÎμβÏιο ÏοÏ
1989 μÎÏÏι Ïον ÎοÏνιο ÏοÏ
1990 ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζοÏ
ν εÏαναληÏÏικÏÏηÏα ÏÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï 0.7 â 1.1m (rms), ÏοÏ
ανÏιÏÏοιÏεί Ïε 0.3 ppm ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν, ÎµÎ½Ï Î¿Î¹ rms διοÏθÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε μικÏά ÏÏοÏιακά ÏÏξα (ÏοÏ
ÏοÏοθεÏοÏνÏαι και ÏÏοÏαναÏολίζονÏαι ÏÏμÏÏνα με ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎºÏεμÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιÎÏ GPS) κÏ
μαίνονÏαι αÏÏ 5 ÎÏÏ 51 m. ÎναδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι Ïα ÏαÏαÏηÏηθÎνÏα ÏÏάλμαÏα εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏιλεκÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎιαθεÏιμÏÏηÏÎ±Ï (Selective Availability, SA) είÏαν Ïο ÏαÏακÏήÏα Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Gauss-Markov διαδικαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î´ÎµÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï Î¼Îµ αÏÏκλιÏη Ï ÏοÏ
ανÏιÏÏοιÏεί Ïε ÏεÏίÏοÏ
0,1 m/s ÏÏο ÏÏ
Î¸Î¼Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î²Î¿Î»Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÏνο ÏÏ
ÏÏεÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¼Ïνο 4.3 λεÏÏÏν.
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1988 |
D Delikaraoglou (1988) On the stochastic modelling of GPS ionospheric delays Manuscripta Geodetica 14: 100-109 Nov. Abstract: There currently exist unanswered questions regarding the effects of increased ionospheric variability on Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase signals at the northern geomagnetic latitudes. The paper describes the experience gained while processing GPS carrier phase observations collected in the Canadian aurora region. In order to gain a better insight into the behaviour of the ionosphere and to enhance the modelling of the ionospheric delays experienced by the GPS carrier signals in these high latitude regions, we have tested the use of an autoregressive process (AR) model to approximate the observed ionospheric delays over typical GPS sessions (3-5 hours) and over short (<20 km) to medium lengh (<75 km) baselines. Numerical results using dual frequency TI-4100 observations from a three-day dataset show that an AR model generally of order 2 to 5 would reproduce the L1/L2 ionospheric delays observed at a station to an rms level of 4 cm or better under unusually adverse ionospheric conditions. It is shown that the technique is capable of correctly identifying the one- and half-cycle slips not detected during the normal pre-processing stage, in addition to showing remarkable adaptive properties even in the presence of sizeable gaps in the data. Potential alternative uses of this technique in the context of GPS data reductions are also outlined. Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏÏολείÏαι με βαÏικά εÏÏÏήμαÏα, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïην αÏ
ξημÎνη εÏίδÏαÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¹Î¿Î½ÏÏÏαιÏÎ±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î²ÏÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏοÏ
ÏαÏαÏηÏείÏαι μεγάλη γεÏμαγνηÏική δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏα. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα εκÏεÏαμÎνÏν αναλÏÏεÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS, ÏÏοÏ
για Ïη μονÏελοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν ιονοÏÏαιÏικÏν καθÏ
ÏÏεÏήÏεÏν, για ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ 2 μÎÏÏι 5 ÏÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ αÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏαθμÏν μικÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ 20 km μÎÏÏι και 75 km, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα βαÏιÏμÎνα Ïε αÏ
Ïο-αναδÏομικά (auto-regressive, AR) ÏίλÏÏα. ΧÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼Îνα GPS αÏÏ ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎÏεÏ, με διαÏοÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν και αÏÏ
νήθιÏÏα ανÏÎ¯Î¾Î¿ÎµÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î¹Î¿Î½Î¿ÏÏαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï (δηλ. ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ Ï
ÏηλοÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ¯ÎºÏÎµÏ TEC (Total electron content) και VEC (Vertical electron content)). ÎάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ, Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν αναλÏÏεÏν Îδειξαν ÏÏι μονÏÎλα AR Î²Î±Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï 2 μÎÏÏι 5, μÏοÏοÏÏαν να αναÏαÏαγάγοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î¹Î¿Î½Î¿ÏÏαιÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Ï
ÏÏεÏήÏειÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκαν ανeξάÏÏηÏα αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS διÏÎ»Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï L1/L2, Ïε εÏίÏεδα ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï (rms) ±4 cm ή και καλÏÏεÏα. ÎÏιÏλÎον, αÏοδείκÏηκε η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
, να ενÏοÏίζει και να διοÏθÏνει ÏÏάλμαÏα ολίÏθηÏÎ·Ï (cycle slips) ÏÏν ακεÏαίÏν κÏκλÏν ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS ακÏμα και μεγÎθοÏ
Ï 0.5 - 1 cycle, Ïα οÏοία δεν ενÏοÏίζονÏαν καÏά ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοκαÏαÏκÏικÎÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î³ÏÎ³Î®Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS. ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î· ÏÏοÏεινÏμενη ÏεÏνική Îδειξε αξιοÏημείÏÏÎµÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏοÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏÏην ανίÏνεÏ
Ïη ÏÎÏοιÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν, ακÏμα και καÏά Ïην ÏαÏοÏ
Ïία ÏημανÏικÏν κενÏν ÏÏην αδιάλειÏÏη λήÏη ÏÏν ÏημάÏÏν GPS (Ï.Ï. λÏÎ³Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±Ï
ξημÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¹Î¿Î½Î¿ÏÏαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏαÏ). ΤÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά ενδεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏεινÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï ÏεÏνικήÏ, ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν μεθοδολογιÏν ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν GPS.
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1984 |
P Vanicek, R B Langley, D E Wells, D Delikaraoglou (1984) Geometrical Aspects of Differential GPS Positioning Bulletin Geodesique 58. 37-52 Abstract: Differential GPS positioning is considered from the purely geometric point of
view. The tetrahedron formed by two ground stations and two satellite locations is the
basic geometrical building block for differential satellite positioning. Relationships
between the various vectors involved in this tetrahedron are described. These relationships are used to develop linear mathematical models which relate the vector baseline between the two ground stations to various kinds of differential GPS observations. Geometrically, all proposed observation types can be considered as either differential range observations or differential range difference observations. In the absence of instrumental and refraction effects, it is found that differential range observations are geometrically superior to differential range difference observations. Some implications of these geometrical considerations to practical differential GPS positioning are discussed.
Notes: Also available (as a secured resource) from Springer in: http://www.springerlink.com/content/k1j61j3n40k68073/fulltext.pdf
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÏεÏνική ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ GPS ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι αÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Î±Ïά γεÏμεÏÏική άÏοÏη. Το ÏεÏÏάεδÏο, ÏοÏ
ÏÏημαÏίζεÏαι αÏÏ Î´Ïο εÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ (ÏοÏ
εκÏελοÏν ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ) και δÏο δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï (ή δÏο θÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ίδιοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
), αÏοÏελεί Ïο θεμελιÏÎ´ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¼Ïλοκ για Ïον ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏημείÏν. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι οι μαθημαÏικÎÏ (γεÏμεÏÏικÎÏ) ÏÏÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν διανÏ
ÏμάÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏημαÏίζοÏ
ν Ïο εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏÏάεδÏο ÏÏο ÏÏÏο. Îι εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για να αναÏÏÏ
ÏθοÏν γÏαμμικά μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα, Ïα οÏοία ÏÏ
ÏÏεÏίζοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν εκάÏÏοÏε δÏο εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν και διαÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS. ÎÏÏ Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏική άÏοÏη δεικνÏεÏαι, ÏÏι οι ÏÏοÏεινÏμενοι ÏÏÏοι ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν GPS, μÏοÏοÏν να θεÏÏηθοÏν είÏε ÏÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÏν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν είÏε ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÎÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÏν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Doppler). Îε Ïην Ï
ÏÏθεÏη ÏÏι οι μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ εÏηÏεάζονÏαι αÏÏ ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν δεκÏÏν GPS και ÏÏάλμαÏα εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏμÏÏÏαιÏαÏ, αÏοδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι οι ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÏν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν είναι γεÏμεÏÏικά καλÏÏεÏÎµÏ (δηλ. αÏοÏÎÏοÏ
ν καλÏÏεÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα) αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÏν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Doppler). ÎξεÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î¿ÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏακÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏικÏν ÏαÏαγÏνÏÏν ÏÏην ÏÏάξη.
|
1982 |
D E Wells, P Vanicek, D Delikaraoglou (1982) Marine Navigation with NAVSTAR/Global Positioning System (GPS) Today and in the Future The Canadian Surveyor 36: (1). pp. 9-28, March Abstract: The principles of operation of the NAVSTAR/GPS system are described within the context of the more familiar shore-based radionavigation systems, and the of the TRANSIT satellite navigation system. The present GPS satellite constellation of up to 18 operational satellites are described. Some details of GPS signal structure, receiver operation,, and error models are given. Results of our simulations of 1980 GPS navigation performance off eastern Canada are presented. These indicate GPS is presently capable of providing 150 m or better real-time positioning for about 11 hours a day in this region. GPS performance in the future is discussed.
(This is TELEFIX award winner paper given by the Canadian Institute of Surveying for the best paper published in 1982 in the Journal of Canadian Surveyor.) Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εξεÏάζονÏαι οι αÏÏÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïα Ïιο γνÏÏιμα εÏίγεια ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏαδιοÏλοήγηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï TRANSIT. ΠεÏιγÏάÏεÏαι ο ÏÏÎÏÏν ÏÏημαÏιÏμÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Îξι ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÎ½Î¹Î¬Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï GPS και ο ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÏελικÏÏ ÏÏημαÏιÏμÏÏ Î±ÏÏ 18 εÏιÏειÏηÏιακοÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï. ÎÏιÏλÎον ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι λεÏÏομÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, οι αÏÏÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν και Ïα μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για Ïα ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. ΠαÏÏδοÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, για εÏαÏμογÎÏ Î½Î±Ï
ÏιÏλοÎÎ±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏολικÎÏ Î±ÎºÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, μελεÏήθηκε με αναλÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏομοίÏÏÎ·Ï (simulation), Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν οÏοίÏν Îδειξαν ÏÏι ο ÏÏÎÏÏν (1980) δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏÏ ÏÏημαÏιÏμÏÏ ÏαÏείÏε δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο, Ïε εÏίÏεδα ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Â± 150 m ή και καλÏÏεÏα, για 11 ÏεÏίÏοÏ
ÏÏÎµÏ Î·Î¼ÎµÏηÏίÏÏ ÏÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏιοÏή. (Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία Îλαβε Ïο βÏαβείο TELEFIX αÏÏ Ïο Canadian Institute of Surveying ÏÏ Ïο καλÏÏεÏο άÏθÏο ÏοÏ
δημοÏιεÏÏηκε Ïο 1982 ÏÏο ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏÎ¹Î¿Î´Î¹ÎºÏ The Canadian Surveyor.)
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Book chapters | |
2010 |
D Delikaraoglou, ฮ Mintourakis (2010) On the merging of heterogeneous height data from SRTM, ICESat and Survey Control Monuments for establishing uniform and accurate vertical control in Greece: An Initial Assessment and Validation In: "Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation", International Association of Geodesy Symposia Series, Vol. 135 Edited by:Mertikas, S. Springer-Verlag, isbn:978-3-642-10633-0 Abstract: Earth surface elevations can be utilized
in a variety of applications including e.g. terrain
reductions for accurate geoid modeling, assessment
of the vertical accuracy of Digital Elevation Models
(DEMs), geodetic monitoring and characterization
of urban areas. In this paper we are concerned with
the rigorous merging of heterogeneous height data
for providing vertical control in Greece. We assess
and validate the accuracy of 3âx3â SRTM grid
elevations in Greece (a) by using a set of Survey
Control Monuments (SCMs), used for geodynamic
applications or for conventional ground geodetic
control, and (b) by using an elevation dataset
derived from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter
System (GLAS) on the Ice, Cloud, and land
Elevation Satellite (ICESat).
In order to conduct a consistent comparison of
these data sets we studied various datum and
calibration issues, and used geoid undulations
derived from the spherical harmonic representations
of EGM96 and EGM08. We also used various
interpolation schemes to calculate the SRTM grid
elevations at the irregularly spaced SCMs and the
ICESatâs footprint locations. Differences of the
SRTM vis-Ã -vis SCM and ICESat elevations will
be presented, together with a discussion of our
findings regarding the various effects that influence
any combination of these height data. The product
may provide vertical georeferencing and associated
height accuracy values which are deemed useful for
numerous emerging applications such as
environmental monitoring, remote sensing, lidar,
and digital elevation modeling. Notes: Mirror Link: http://mfi.re/?yymrzgmynqjzilz ,
http://www.survey.ntua.gr/geohopper/iCommons/ePubl_DDeli/DDeli_GGEO2008_Crete.pdf
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I Mintourakis, D Delikaraoglou (2010) Comparison between sea height GPS measurements and satellite altimetry data in the Aegean Sea in Greece. Implications for local geoid improvement In: "Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation", International Association of Geodesy Symposia Series, Vol. 135, Edited by:S. Mertikas. Spinger-Verlag, isbn:978-3-642-10633-0 Abstract: We have conducted various experiments of sea surface height (SSH) measurements in Greeceâs Aegean Sea using on-board kinematic GPS recordings and the KMSS04 satellite altimetry-derived mean sea surface for comparison. This area is of particular interest because of strong crustal movements due to intense tectonic activity that create significant local geoid variations. In this paper, we report on the results of separate SSH surveys that were conducted in three test areas, the first between the islands of Serifos, Sifnos and Milos, in the Cyclades islands, the second between the islands of Crete, Kasos and Karpathos, and the last between the islands of Skyros and Evia. Shipborne GPS data were collected on the Hellenic Navyâs Hydrographic Service vessel R/V NAUTILUS together with GPS data simultaneously collected at nearby mainland GPS reference stations. These high rate data were processed in kinematic mode using scientific GPS software and related to SSH observations, thus allowing us to obtain maps of the instantaneous sea surface, which was estimated with a precision at the level of a few centimeters. Tidal recordings from nearby tidal stations provided us with the required tidal corrections for the reduction of the GPS-derived SSHs to mean sea level (MSL). The end result, following a filtering process, a cross over adjustment and gridding of the pointwise SSH observations in each test area, was to obtain local maps of the mean sea surface (MSS), which can be compared with the available KMSS04 global solution for the MSS. To examine further the MSS-related results that we observed in these experiments, we compared both the GPS-derived and the KMSS04-related MSS with JASON-1 radar altimetry and ICEsat laser altimetry data over the same areas. We show that the SSHs derived from the GPS ship surveys, when carefully analyzed and applying suitable filtering techniques and necessary corrections for the Dynamic Ocean Topography (DOT) can provide enhanced shorter wavelength components of the local geoid and thus could help in the geodynamical understanding of the Aegean Sea area. This is illustrated with additional comparisons that were carried out with the EGM96 and EGM08 global geoid models, in order to reveal any significant differences, mainly in the short wavelength domain, when compared to the aforementioned local geoid models computed from purely GPS-derived SSH data. Notes: Mirror link: http://mfi.re/?ml3z23moynd1d4r , http://www.survey.ntua.gr/geohopper/iCommons/ePubl_DDeli/DDeli_GGEO2008-IM_Crete.pdf
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2009 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
, ฮ ฮคฯฮฟฯฮปฮฟฯ (2009) ฮฮฮฉฮ ฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮกฮฮฮ - ฮฮฮฉฮคฮฮ ฮฮฃ: ฮฮนฮฑ ฮฮฌฯฮท ฮฮตฯฮณฮฝฯฯฮทฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟฮฝ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฮฟ ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฮฟ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯ (paper in Greek; Geoinformatics - Geotopos: A Knowledge database for the Surveying Engineering Professional) In: ฮคฮฟ ฮฮฮ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮ ฯฯฯฮฟฯฮฟฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฮทฯ ฮฯฮตฯ
ฮฝฮฑฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮฏฮฑฯ, 3-4 ฮฮตฮบ. 2008, ฮฮบฮดฯฯฮตฮนฯ ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟฯ
ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟฯ
Abstract: Î ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ είναι Ïο αÏοÏÎλεÏμα Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏÏη ΣÏολή ÎγÏονÏμÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν (ΣÎΤÎ) ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
(ÎÎÎ ), η οÏοία αÏοÏκοÏεί ÏÏην ÏÏαδιακή Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ενÏÏ Î½ÎοÏ
âμαθηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏεÏιβάλλονÏοÏâ βαÏιÏμÎνοÏ
ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏα δίκÏÏ
α εÏικοινÏνίαÏ, ÏοÏ
θα ÏαÏÎÏει ÏοικιλÏμοÏÏο διδακÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏάλληλα εÏγαλεία, ÏÏαγμαÏικά δεδομÎνα και ηλεκÏÏονικά ÏÏ
μÏληÏÏμαÏα ÏÏην ÏαÏαδοÏιακή καÏάÏÏιÏη ÏÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν. ÎÏοÏελεί οÏ
ÏιαÏÏικά μια ÏηÏιακή ÎάÏη ÎεÏγνÏÏηÏ, καÏά Ïα ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα ÏÏν ÏηÏιακÏν βιβλιοθηκÏν, ÏοÏ
εμÏεÏιÎÏει αÏοÏελεÏμαÏικά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏαξινÏμηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ άλλα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά γνÏÏίÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν να βελÏιÏθεί η ÏοÏÏÏηÏα και η ÏοιÏÏηÏα ÏοÏ
διαθÎÏιμοÏ
ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î±ÏÎºÎ±Î»Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εκμάθηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î½Î± εÏιÏÏαÏοÏν νÎÎµÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î¬Î´Î¿ÏÎ·Ï ÎγκÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏίκαιÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î³Î½ÏÏηÏ.
ÎÏαÏαίÏηÏη ÏÏοÏÏÏθεÏη για Ïην εÏίÏεÏ
ξη αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν ÏÏÏÏÏν είναι η καθιÎÏÏÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î²Î¹ÏÏÎ¹Î¼Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ενεÏγοÏÏ Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏεÏνικÏν ÏαÏαγÏγήÏ, ανάλÏ
ÏηÏ, ÏÏÏÏβαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εξÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï Î³Î½ÏÏηÏ, ÏÏÏε να διεÏ
κολÏ
νθεί η άμεÏη Ï
λοÏοίηÏη νÎÏν καινοÏÏμÏν εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÏν ÏÏακÏικÏν και ÏÏν ÏÏγÏÏονÏν ÏαιδαγÏγικÏν ÏÏοÏεγγίÏεÏν ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν οι ÏημεÏινÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î Î»Î·ÏοÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ÏεÏνολογιÏν εÏικοινÏνίαÏ.
Notes: Special Anniversary Volume for the 170 years of exellence in education by the National Technical University of Athens
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G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou, G Ferentinos (2009) An Alternative Approach for the Determination of Orthometric Heights Using a Circular-Arc Approximation for the Plumbline In: Observing our Changing Earth, Proc. of the IAG General Assembly, Perugia, Italy, July 2 - 13, 2007, IAG Symposia , Vol. 133 Edited by:Sideris, Michael G. (Ed.). pp. 245-252, Springer-Verlag, ISBN: 978-3-540-85425-8 Abstract: The orthometric height is the distance, measured positive outwards along the plumbline, from the geoid to a point of interest usually situated on the Earthâs topographic surface. According to its âclassical definitionâ, it can be computed from the geopotential number of a point, using the mean value of the Earthâs gravity acceleration along the plumbline within the topography (i.e. between the geoid and the Earthâs surface). Hence, the main problem in the rigorous definition of an orthometric height reduces to the accurate evaluation of the mean value of the Earth's gravity acceleration along the plumbline. Alternatively, recent efforts concentrate on the determination of orthometric heights from GPS derived geodetic heights (above the ellipsoid) and geoid undulations derived from detailed local geoid models using the familiar Stokes integration or FFT techniques.
In this paper, we seek to determine the orthometric height from the knowledge of the geodetic (ellipsoidal) height and a representation for the gravity field at the surface point and without any information about the topographic mass distribution. We show that a rigorous and accurate determination of the orthometric height of a point on the Earthâs surface can be made by a methodology which relates the orthometric height with the geopotential number C, the magnitude of the gravity vector , and the curvature k of the plumbline, all determined at the point of interest on the physical surface. The required geopotential number C is computed through the evaluation of the Earthâs gravity potential W from one of the available Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) in spherical harmonics, while and k are computed by suitable analytical formulae which use the first and second partial derivatives of the disturbing potential T (Eötvos components) and the normal potential U accordingly.
An overview is given of the steps involved in the computational process and the assumptions made. This rigorous approach was tested using different Global Geopotential Models (e.g. EGM96, GPM98CR, and recent models from the CHAMP and GRACE missions, such the EIGEN-GL03C and EIGEN-CG04C set of harmonic coefficients) and an extensive GPS/Leveling dataset on benchmarks in the USA. Results from these comparisons are presented for the larger part of the conterminous United States in non-mountainous areas (with orthometric heights ranging from zero up to 1200 m). They demonstrate that generally the differences between the these rigorously determined orthometric heights and actual orthometric heights from geodetic leveling typically range from a few centimeters and up to 3 decimeters, thus showing the viability of the methodology and its future promise as new and continually improving geopotential models from the CHAMP/GRACE and GOCE missions become available to be used for this purpose. Plans for future work will also be given.
Notes:
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το οÏθομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏο είναι η αÏÏÏÏαÏη, ÏοÏ
μεÏÏάÏαι θεÏικά ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο εξÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
, αÏÏ Ïο γεÏειδÎÏ Ïε Îνα Ïημείο ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
είναι ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ ÏÏη γήινη ÏοÏογÏαÏική εÏιÏάνεια. ΣÏμÏÏνα με Ïον "κλαÏÏικÏ" οÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
, μÏοÏεί να Ï
ÏολογιÏÏεί αÏÏ Ïο γεÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏημείοÏ
, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Ïη μÎÏη Ïιμή ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏάÏÏ
νÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
ÏÏο εÏÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï (δηλ. μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏάνειαÏ). Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, Ïο κÏÏιο ÏÏÏβλημα ÏÏον αÏ
ÏÏηÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¿ÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ Î¿ÏθομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
ÏομÎÏÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νίÏÏαÏαι ÏÏον ακÏιβή Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¹Î¼Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏάÏÏ
νÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
. ÎναλλακÏικά, οι ÏÏÏÏÏαÏÎµÏ ÏÏοÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏικενÏÏÏνονÏαι ÏÏον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν οÏθομεÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν αÏÏ Ïα ÏαÏαγÏμενα αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï GPS γεÏδαιÏικά Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα (εÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο ελλειÏοειδÎÏ) και αÏοκλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏονÏαι αÏÏ Ïα λεÏÏομεÏή ÏοÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎνα με μεθÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
Stokes ή ÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ FFT.
Σε αÏ
Ïή Ïην εÏγαÏία, εÏιδιÏκεÏαι να καθοÏιÏθεί Ïο οÏθομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏο ενÏÏ ÏημείοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏην γήινη εÏιÏάνεια αÏÏ Ïη γνÏÏη ÏοÏ
γεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
(γεÏμεÏÏικοÏ) Ï
ÏομÎÏÏοÏ
και Îνα ανÏιÏÏοÏÏÏεÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλο ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î¿ÏοιεÏδήÏοÏε ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ÏοÏογÏαÏική καÏανομή ÏÏν γήινÏν Ï
ÏεδάÏιÏν μαζÏν. ÎναδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î±Ï
ÏÏηÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ακÏÎ¹Î²Î®Ï ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏοÏ
οÏθομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
ÏομÎÏÏοÏ
ενÏÏ ÏημείοÏ
ÏÏη γήινη εÏιÏάνεια μÏοÏεί να γίνει αÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± μεθοδολογία ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νδÎει Ïο οÏθομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏο με Ïον γεÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï C, Ïην ÎνÏαÏη ÏοÏ
διανÏÏμαÏÎ¿Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï , και Ïην κÏ
ÏÏÏÏηÏα k ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
, ÏοÏ
Ïλα καθοÏίζονÏαι ÏÏο Ïημείο ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏη ÏÏ
Ïική εÏιÏάνεια. ΠαÏαÏαίÏηÏÎ¿Ï Î³ÎµÏδÏ
ναμικÏÏ Î±ÏιθμÏÏ C Ï
ÏολογίζεÏαι μÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï W ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î¿ÏοιοδήÏοÏε αÏÏ Ïα διαθÎÏιμα μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ïε ÏÏαιÏικÎÏ Î±ÏμονικÎÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï Ïα και k Ï
ÏολογίζεÏαι αÏÏ ÎºÎ±ÏάλληλοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î±Î»Ï
ÏικοÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δεÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏικÎÏ ÏαÏαγÏγοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
διαÏαÏακÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Ï
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¤ (ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νιÏÏÏÏÎµÏ Eötvos) και Ïο ÎºÎ±Î½Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î´Ï
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ U.
ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι μια εÏιÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏν εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹ÎµÏγαÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιλαμβάνονÏαι ÏÏην Ï
ÏολογιÏÏική διαδικαÏία και ÏÏν Ï
ÏοθÎÏεÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î²Î±ÏίζεÏαι η μÎθοδοÏ. ÎÏ
Ïή η αÏ
ÏÏηÏή ÏÏοÏÎγγιÏη εξεÏάÏÏηκε ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ïε ÏÏαιÏικÎÏ Î±ÏμονικÎÏ (Ï.Ï. EGM96, GPM98CR, και ÏÏÏÏÏαÏα μονÏÎλα αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏολÎÏ CHAMP και GRACE, ÏÏÏÏ Ïα μονÏÎλα EIGEN-CG03C και EIGEN-CL04C αÏμονικÏν ÏÏ
νÏελεÏÏÏν) και Îνα εκÏενÎÏ ÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν αÏÏ GPS και ÏÏÏοÏÏαθμικά Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎÎ Î. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
γκÏίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι για Ïο μεγαλÏÏεÏο μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν ÏμοÏÏν ÎνÏμÎνÏν ΠολιÏειÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼Î·-οÏεινÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ (με οÏθομεÏÏικά Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα μÎÏÏι 1200 μ). ÎεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι γενικά οι διαÏοÏÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏηÏά καθοÏιÏμÎνÏν οÏθομεÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν και ÏÏν οÏθομεÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν αÏÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏική ÏÏÏοÏÏάθμηÏη διαÏÎÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏικά και μÎÏÏι 30 εκαÏοÏÏÏμεÏÏα, Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζονÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια Ïην αξιοÏιÏÏία ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»Î»Î¿Î½ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏήÏη ακÏμα Ïιο ακÏιβÎÏÏεÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
αναμÎνονÏαι ÏÏο άμεÏο μÎλλον αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏολÎÏ CHAMP/GRACE και Ïην εÏεÏÏÏμενη αÏοÏÏολή GOCE.
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2006 |
D Delikaraoglou, H Billiris, D Paradissis, P C England, B Parsons, P J Clarke (2006) Geodetic Measurments in the Aegean Sea Region for the Detection of Crustal Deformation In: Special Volume of the NATO Science Series 'The Adria Microplate: GPS Geodesy, Tectonics and Hazards' Edited by:N. Pinter, G. Grenerczy, J. Weber, S. Stein and D. Medak. 287-304 Kluwer Academic Publishers Abstract: Greece and the Aegean Sea form part of one of the most rapidly deforming areas of
the Earth's surface and are characterized by a high level of intra-plate seismicity in comparison
to neighboring regions. AEGEANET is a geodetic network that we have established in order to
consistently measure the geodetic strain in the broader Aegean Sea region, including parts of
the Greek mainland and spanning several areas of known fault systems. Our measurements so
far span approximately 4- and 42-year periods up to 1997 using a combination of old
triangulation/trilateration-derived coordinates and repeated GPS observations at various subsets
of the stations of this network. The observed displacements reflect the present-day tectonic
deformation of the region, showing more than one meter of north-south extension across the
network. The crust in this region appears to contain a few relatively rigid blocks separated by
more rapidly deforming zones. This conclusion is supported by the velocity and strain fields
that we have estimated for six sub-regions, which provide a more detailed view of the crustal
deformation in this region.
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία αÏοÏÎλεÏε ανÏικείμενο ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏÎ·Ï Ïε ÏÏÏÏκληÏη αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹Î¿ÏγανÏÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
νεδÏίοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎÎΤΠ(Advanced Research Workshop) με θÎμα âThe Adria Microplate: GPS Geodesy, Tectonics and Hazardsâ, ÏÏο Veszprem, Hungary, 4-7 ÎÏÏιλίοÏ
, 2004. ΠαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα διαÏÏονικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS και ÏÏ
μβαÏικÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ
λλεÏθεί ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏικÏν ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏγαÏÏηÏίοÏ
ÎνÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÎΤÎ/ÎÎΠγια Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÏν ÏεκÏονικÏν μικÏομεÏακινήÏεÏν και ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏεÏν και Ïην εν γÎνει γεÏÏÏ
Ïική ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹ÎºÏοÏÎ»Î¬ÎºÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
ÎιγαίοÏ
. ΠεÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει ÏÏα ÏÏάδια ÏÏεδιαÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
λοÏοίηÏηÏ, ÏÏο ÏÏλο και ÏÏη ÏημαÏία ÏοÏ
γεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
AEGEANET ÏοÏ
αÏοÏελείÏαι αÏÏ 100 ÏεÏίÏοÏ
ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καλÏÏÏει Ïην εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏη ÏεÏιοÏή ÏοÏ
ÎιγαίοÏ
(ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνοÏ
και μÎÏοÏ
Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏÎ¬ÎºÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎακεδονίαÏ). Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏιοÏή ÏαÏακÏηÏίζεÏαι αÏÏ Îνα Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Ï ÎµÏίÏεδο γεÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÎ¹ÏονικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎναÏÎ¿Î»Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎεÏογείοÏ
εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏολλÏν γνÏÏÏÏν ÏεκÏονικÏν ÏηγμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν αÏοÏελÎÏει ÏÏο ÏÏÏÏÏαÏο ÏαÏελθÏν Ïηγή μεÏικÏν αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏλÎον ιÏÏÏ
ÏοÏÏ ÏειÏμοÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏήÏ. Îι μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
αναλÏθηκαν οδήγηÏαν Ïε μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
ÏÏν ÏαÏÏ
ÏήÏÏν μικÏομεÏακίνηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ελλείÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏιζÏνÏÎ¹Î±Ï ÏαÏαμÏÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï Ïε διάÏοÏα ÏμήμαÏα (blocks) ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹ÎºÏοÏÎ»Î¬ÎºÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
ÎιγαίοÏ
Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïη θεÏÏοÏμενη ÏÏ Î±ÎºÎ¯Î½Î·Ïη ÏεκÏονική Ïλάκα ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏ
ÏÏÏηÏ. ÎÏÏ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα εξάγεÏαι Ïο ÏÏ
μÏεÏαÏμα ÏÏι ο ÏÏεÏεÏÏ Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î¿Ï ÏλοιÏÏ ÏÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏεÏη ÏεÏιοÏή ÏοÏ
ÎιγαίοÏ
εμÏανίζεÏαι να ÏεÏιÎÏει μεÏικά αÏγά ÏαÏαμοÏÏοÏμενα ÏεκÏονικά μÏλÏκ ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏίζονÏαι αÏÏ Î¶ÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÏαÏÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏαμÏÏÏÏÏηÏ. ÎÏιÏλÎον αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
γκÏίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
GPS με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
μβαÏικÎÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ, καÏαδεικνÏεÏαι η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î±ÎºÏοÏÏÏθεÏÎ¼Î·Ï ÏαÏαμÏÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏλοιοÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
γκÏίÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïιο ÏÏÏÏÏαÏÏν διαÏÏονικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS καÏαδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να Ï
ÏολογιÏθοÏν με αξιοÏιÏÏία οι βÏαÏÏ
ÏÏÏθεÏÎ¼ÎµÏ ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏικÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν ÏοÏ
εκÏείνονÏαι Ïε μεÏικÎÏ Î´ÎµÎºÎ¬Î´ÎµÏ ÏιλιÏμεÏÏα.
Notes: Also available (as a secured resource) from Springer in: http://www.springerlink.com/content/ru3432v775661v33/fulltext.pdf
|
1997 |
D Delikaraoglou (1997) GPS-assisted Operations in Support of the New Hellenic Cadastre System: Experiences to Date In: H ฮฮท ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฮฟ ฮฃฯฮผฯฮฑฮฝ Edited by:ฮ. Aฯฯฮตฯฮนฮฌฮดฮทฯ, K. Kฮฑฯฯฮฌฮผฯฮฑฮปฮฟฯ, M.E. Kฮฟฮฝฯฮฑฮดฮฌฮบฮทฯ, A. Mฯฮฑฮฝฯฮญฮปฮฑฯ, A. ฮ ฮฑฯฮฑฮดฮทฮผฮทฯฯฮฏฮฟฯ
, H.N. Tฮถฮนฮฑฮฒฯฯ. 379-390 ฮฮฮดฯฯฮตฮนฯ ฮฮฮคฮ Abstract: As part of the Hellenic Cadastre Programme, the Hellenic Mapping anf Cadastre Organization is currently conducting several pilot mapping projects in difference areas of Greece. For all these projects accurate survey control is required in order to provide 3D coordinates for photo-control points and for establishing accurate control networks which will be used eventually for all topographic and cartographic activities in each pilot area. The use of Global Positioning System (GPS) has highlighted significant advantages over conventional surveying, particularly in providing logistics flexibility and cost savings. The paper summarizes the experiences gained to date from our involvement in various GPS-assisted operations in support of these pilot projects. Emphasis is given in outlining the strategic approach followed in each specific situation and brief results from one pilot project are presented in order to provide a general picture of the GPS performance achieved in these operations. Reference to ways of benefiting more from the use of GPS by improving further some specific tasks of the mapping process are also presented.
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏοÏογÏαÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ ÎÏγοÏ
κÏημαÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏαιÏοÏνÏαι ÏÏιÏδιάÏÏαÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνεÏ, ÏÏÏο για Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏÏοÏÏαθεÏÏν για ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÎµÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÎÏ Î±ÏοδÏÏειÏ, ÏÏο και για Ïην ίδÏÏ
Ïη ÏοÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
. Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¼ÏειÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GPS Ïε οÏιÏμÎνα αÏÏ Ïα ÏιλοÏικά ÎÏγα ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
. ÎδιαίÏεÏη αναÏοÏά γίνεÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏαÏηγικÎÏ ÏÏοÏεγγίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ακολοÏ
θήθηκαν, ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GPS, για Ïα ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα κάθε ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏεÏιληÏÏικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏÏÏε να δοθεί μια ÏÏαιÏική εικÏνα ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏοδοÏικÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
GPS (Ï.Ï. ακÏίβεια, ÏÏακÏικÎÏ Î´Ï
ÏÎºÎ¿Î»Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ»Ï.). ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι αναÏοÏά ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ ÏοÏ
Ï Î¿ÏοίοÏ
Ï Ïο GPS θα μÏοÏοÏÏε να βελÏιÏÏει ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, με Ïη ÏÏήÏη μεÏικÏν ÏÏοηγμÎνÏν διαδικαÏιÏν και ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν εÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏοÏ
. Notes: Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏοÏελεί ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏά ÏÏον ΤιμηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¤Ïμο για Ïο ÎÏγο ÏοÏ
KαθηγηÏή Î. MαÏ
Ïίδη, ΤÎΤÎ, ÎÏιÏÏοÏÎλειο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÎεÏÏαλονίκηÏ
|
1989 |
D Delikaraoglou, F Lahaye (1989) Optimization of GPS Theory, Techniques and Operational Systems: Progress and Prospects In: Global Positioning System: An Overview Edited by:Y. Bock and N. Leppard. 280-239 International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Springer-Verlag, New York Abstract: The objectives of future GPS-based geodetic systems have often been summarized as being twiforld: (a) to provide accurate positions (up tp 100s of kilometers with sub-decimeter accuracy, and at 10s of kilometers to less than 1-3 cm level) for the thousands of horizontal and vertical control points that comprise the current national geodetic databases in support of topographic mapping efforts and the growing need for better geodetic control for multipurpose cadastre systems; and (b) to measure vector baselines up to intercontinental distances with an accuracy better than 0.01 part per million and to apply this capability to the study of tectonic and crustal deformations.
A conceivable strategy to meet such diverse needs mest be essentially tree-tiered: first, the higher level being the optimazation of methodologies and strategies for high precision orbit and positioning determinations of GPS-based geodetic measurements, including the optimal configurations for unified determination of orbits, station coordinates and other geodetic parameters from regional and local networks of various scales and geometries; second, the intermediate level being the compensation for a variety of natural and intentional errors that may affect positioning accuracy and the provision of mechanisms to monitor the integrity of the GPS system for potentially abnormal situations which might occur during routine operations; and finally, the lower level, the extension of classical network analyses, particularly with regard to designing tools capable of providing the information necessary to access the accuracy and cost consequences associated with network observation strategies involving simultaneous deployment of several GPS receivers and the consolidation of various GPS surveying projects or subnetworks into homogeneous networks.
In this paper, an overview is presented of the status of current investigations relating to the optimization of methods with respect to the measurement operations, the general mathematical models, and the data analysis techniques applicable to GPS and its combination with othe measuring systems. Practical examples are used to illustrate how the continuous refinement of such metholologies can lead to the continuous refinement of such methodologies can lead to the continuous improvement in the accuracy of baseline determinations and satellite orbits, achievable under most observing conditions. Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία γίνεÏαι μια ÏÏ
νοÏÏική ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏη για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÎÏεÏ
Î½ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι με Ïην βελÏιÏÏοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏεÏνικÏν ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS, ÏÏον αÏοÏά ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν, Ïα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν GPS αÏ
ÏοÏÏια ή Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î± ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ενÏοÏιÏμοÏ. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα ÏÏακÏικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏοÏ
εÏμηνεÏοÏ
ν, ÏÏÏ Î· ÏÏ
νεÏÎ®Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏη ÏÏν αναÏεÏÏμενÏν μεθοδολογιÏν μÏοÏεί να οδηγήÏει Ïε ανÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ Ï
Ïηλή ακÏίβεια γεÏδαιÏικÏν βάÏεÏν (ÏÏακÏικά ανεξάÏÏηÏα αÏÏ Ïο Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï) και ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν GPS, κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÏεδÏν οÏοιεÏδήÏοÏε ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ. ΠεÏγαÏία ÏÏ
μÏεÏαίνει, ÏÏι οÏοιαδήÏοÏε ÏÏÏαÏηγική για να ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏÏοÏν οι αÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏικά mm (για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï < 10 km) μÎÏÏι μεÏικά ppm (για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι και μεÏικÏν δεκάδÏν ÏιλιομÎÏÏÏν) οÏείλει να ÏÏηÏιÏθεί Ïε ÏÏία εÏίÏεδα ενεÏγειÏν:
(1) ΣÏο Ï
ÏηλÏÏεÏο εÏίÏεδο, εÏιδιÏκονÏÎ±Ï Ïη βελÏιÏÏοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν μεθÏδÏν, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην ενιαία (ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη) εÏίλÏ
Ïη γεÏδαιÏικÏν βάÏεÏν (ή ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν), Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν GPS και άλλÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ, αÏÏ ÎºÎ±Ïάλληλα γεÏδαιÏικά δίκÏÏ
α διαÏοÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³ÎθοÏ
Ï (Ï.Ï., ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι διηÏειÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎκÏαÏηÏ) και γεÏμεÏÏίαÏ.
(2) Σε ενδιάμεÏο εÏίÏεδο, ÏÏην ανÏιÏÏάθμιÏη (Ï.Ï. μÎÏα αÏÏ ÎºÎ±Ïάλληλη μονÏελοÏοίηÏη) ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏικÏν και εÏκεμμÎνÏν (ÏεÏνηÏÏν) ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS και εÏαÏμÏζονÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î® μεθÏδοÏ
Ï ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏδοÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÏÏε να εÏιÏημαίνονÏαι ÏÏ
ÏÏν ανÏÎ¼Î±Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ.
(3) ΣÏο καÏÏÏεÏο εÏίÏεδο, ÏÏην εÏÎκÏαÏη ÏαÏαδοÏιακÏν ÏεÏνικÏν ίδÏÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏν, εÏÏÏελοÏμενοι αÏÏ Ïην ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη ÏÏήÏη ÏολλÏν δεκÏÏν GPS και Ïην ενοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏν GPS Ïε ενιαία δίκÏÏ
α ομοιογενοÏÏ Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ.
|
1984 |
D Delikaraoglou (1984) Estimability analyses of the free networks of differential range observations to GPS satellites In: Optimization of geodetic networks Edited by:E. Grafarend, F. Sanso. Springer - Verlag, ISBN 0-387-15739-5, New York and Berlin Abstract: Traditionally in geodesy, the analysis of geodetic networks established with the use of satellite methods follows three steps: (1) the orbits of the satellites used are calculated from measurements collected from ground reference stations whose coordinates are known with high accuracy. (2) These orbits are considered known or with a few small errors and are used for determining the coordinates of other stations, using measurements from the same satellites. (3) The above procedures are repeated as additional measurements are becoming available. This work focuses on the direct relationship between these procedures and the risks posed, if the necessary constraints in the parameters being calculated from the available measurements are not properly taken into account, so that the results to be reported in the desired reference coordinate system. For example, it is known that satellite measurements e.g. of ranges to the satellites or Doppler do not contain their own information, which can tie the degrees of freedom within a network, established by satellite measurements, in terms of displacement or rotation or respectively the shape of the network, if one does not take simultaneous measurements from a minimum number of terrestrial stations. Those problems are examined in detail for the case of setting up networks using measurements Differential GPS (i.e. through relative positioning). We present geometric models that link various parameters of interest, such as coordinates of stations and satellites and non-geometric parameters, such as time scale errors or atmospheric effects and examine in detail the necessary conditions that are required to be fulfilled (such as to the number of the stations and satellites used) so that to avoid the so-called "datum-defects", "configuration-defects" and "ill-conditioning-defects". Defining the necessary individual conditions, we show that one may arrive to using the best observing techniques and the optimum deployment of receivers in the field so as to achieve the establishment of strong networks in terms of homogeneous accuracy throughout the entire network of interest.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΠαÏαδοÏιακά ÏÏη γεÏδαιÏία, η ανάλÏ
Ïη δικÏÏÏν,, ÏοÏ
ιδÏÏονÏαι με Ïη ÏÏήÏη δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν μεθÏδÏν, ακολοÏ
θεί ÏÏια ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα ÏÏάδια: (1) οι ÏÏοÏιÎÏ ÏÏν ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμενÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎγονÏαι Ïε εÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏάÏ,, ÏÏν οÏοίÏν οι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ γνÏÏÏÎÏ Î¼Îµ ακÏίβεια. (2) Îι εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏοÏιÎÏ Î¸ÎµÏÏοÏνÏαι γνÏÏÏÎÏ Î® με κάÏοια μικÏά ÏÏάλμαÏα και ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν άλλÏν ÏÏαθμÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î¯Î´Î¹Î¿Ï
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï. (3) Îι ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÏαναλαμβάνονÏαι ÏÏο γίνονÏαι εÏιÏλÎον μεÏÏήÏειÏ. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει ÏÏην άμεÏη ÏÏÎÏη ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏιÏν και ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ¹Î½Î´ÏνοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
εγκÏ
μονοÏν, αν δεν ληÏθοÏν καÏάλληλα Ï
ÏÏÏη οι αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ Î´ÎµÏμεÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ, ÏÏÏε Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα να αναÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏο εκάÏÏοÏε εÏιθÏ
μηÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα αναÏοÏάÏ. Î .Ï. είναι γνÏÏÏÏ ÏÏι δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏάÏεÏν ή Doppler δεν ÏεÏιÎÏοÏ
ν εξ ιδίÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏία, ÏοÏ
να δεÏμεÏει ÏοÏ
Ï Î²Î±Î¸Î¼Î¿ÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎµÏ
θεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην μεÏαÏÏÏιÏη ή Ïην ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏή ÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
, ÏοÏ
ιδÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ, ή ανÏίÏÏοιÏα ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ÏÏήμα ÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
, αν δεν εκÏελοÏνÏαι ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Îνα ελάÏιÏÏο αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÎµÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν. Τα εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏοβλήμαÏα εξεÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ίδÏÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏν, με Ïη ÏÏήÏη μεÏÏήÏεÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS (ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ). ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι γεÏμεÏÏικά μονÏÎλα Ïα οÏοία ÏÏ
νδÎοÏ
ν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν και ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μη-γεÏμεÏÏικÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏονομÎÏÏÏν ή ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏμÏÏÏαιÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εξεÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎÏει να ÏληÏοÏνÏαι (Ï.Ï. ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïον αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμενÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν και δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν), ÏÏÏε να αÏοÏεÏγονÏαι Ïα λεγÏμενα "datum-defects", "configuration-defects" και "ill-conditioning-defects". ÎαθοÏίζονÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎºÎ¬ÏÏοÏε αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ, είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να οδηγηθεί ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïε βÎλÏιÏÏÎµÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μεÏακίνηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν ÏÏο Ïεδίο, ÏÏÏε να εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι η ίδÏÏ
Ïη ιÏÏÏ
ÏÏν δικÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. με ομοιογÎνεια ακÏίβειαÏ).
|
1983 |
D Delikaraoglou (1983) Adjustment and Filtering of SEASAT Altimetry with the Least Squares Response Technique In: The Geodetic Features of the Ocean Surface and their implications 192-221 Marine Geophysical Researches 7, Reidel Publ. Co. 0025-3235 (Print) 1573-0581 (Online) Abstract: The least squares response technique has been applied to SEASAT altimetry data for the adjustment and filtering of individual profiles without the use of standard crossover analyses. Based on a multichannnel input-single output model the technique allows a straightforward multi-correlation of the altimetry information with different types of forcing inputs. In addition, it can account for other known constituents such as datum biases, linear trends, periodic constituents of known periods and arbitrary defined user-specified functions.
In this pape, results of this approach are compared with geoid profiles computed from standard geopotential models such as GEM-10B which show a consistently good agreement with rms differences found at the level of the errors at long wavelengths of the geoid model used.
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εÏαÏμÏζεÏαι η μÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï LSRT (Least Squares Response Technique) για Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη μεÏÏήÏεÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ, με ÏκοÏÏ Ïη ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏη και ÏιλÏÏάÏιÏμα αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, καÏά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ίÏνοÏ
Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏξÏν, ÏÏην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν (altimetric profiles), ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏαδοÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δεÏμεÏÏεÏν ÏμήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν ÏÏοÏίλ (crossover constraints). ÎαÏιÏμÎνη Ïε Îνα μονÏÎλο ÏίλÏÏοÏ
ÏολλαÏλήÏ-ειÏÏδοÏ
αÏλήÏ-εξÏδοÏ
, η ÏÏοÏεινÏμενη ÏεÏνική εÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïην αÏεÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏÎÏιÏη (και εξαγÏγή) ÏÎ·Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏίαÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιÎÏοÏ
ν οι μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼Îµ διαÏοÏεÏικοÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏιδÏÏνÏÏν ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏκεανοÏÏ ÏαÏαγÏνÏÏν (Ï.Ï., αÏμοÏÏαιÏική θεÏμοκÏαÏία και ÏίεÏη, άνεμοι), καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Ï.Ï. ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν, γνÏÏÏÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏαβολÎÏ ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ, ÏαλίÏÏοιεÏ, κλÏ.). ÎÏιÏλÎον, εÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïην μονÏελοÏοίηÏη άλλÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏάλμαÏα datum, ÏÏάλμαÏα γÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î® ÏεÏÎ¹Î¿Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏαÏακÏήÏα, ή Î¬Î»Î»Î·Ï Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
καθοÏίζεÏαι αÏÏ Ïον ÏÏήÏÏη. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏθÏμÎνα αλÏιμεÏÏικά ÏÏοÏίλ με ανÏίÏÏοιÏα ÏÏοÏίλ ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκαν αÏÏ Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλα ÏÏαιÏικÏν αÏμονικÏν ÏÏ
νÏελεÏÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ Ïο GEM-10B. Îι ÏαÏαÏηÏοÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎÏ Î®Ïαν ÏÏα εÏίÏεδα 0.23-0.40 m (rms), ÏοÏ
αÏοÏελοÏν και Ïο ÏÏιο ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï (Ïε long wavelength) ÏοÏ
μονÏÎλοÏ
ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκε.
Notes: Also available online (as secured resource) from Springer in: http://www.springerlink.com/index/Y23N62V07547Q320.pdf and http://www.springerlink.com/content/y23n62v07547q320/fulltext.pdf
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Conference papers | |
2010 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
, ฮฃ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2010) ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฮทฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ
ฮตฮปฮปฮทฮฝฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮธฮฑฮปฮฌฯฯฮนฮฟฯ
ฯฯฯฮฟฯ
ฯฯฮฑ ฯฮปฮฑฮฏฯฮนฮฑ ฮตฮฝฯฯ
ฯฯฮตฮดฮฏฮฟฯ
ฮดฯฮฌฯฮทฯ ฮผฮต ฮฑฮฝฯฮนฮบฮตฮฏฮผฮตฮฝฮฟ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฟฮปฮฟฮบฮปฮทฯฯฮผฮญฮฝฮท ฮธฮฑฮปฮฌฯฯฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟฮปฮนฯฮนฮบฮฎ - ฮ ฯฯ
ฮฝฮตฮนฯฯฮฟฯฮฌ ฯฯฮฝ ฮฑฮปฯฮนฮผฮตฯฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฮณฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฮดฮฟฯฯ
ฯฯฯฯฮฝ. (papaer in Greek; Mapping the Greek maritime areas as part of the requirements of an integrated maritime policy - A case study for the contribution of geodetic satellite altimetry observations). In: 11ฮฟ ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮญฮดฯฮนฮฟ ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ, ฮฮฑฯฯฮปฮนฮฟ-ฮฯฮณฮฟฯ, 8-10 ฮฮตฮบฮตฮผฮฒฯฮฏฮฟฯ
ฮงฮฮกฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮฮ ฮฮ ฮฮฃฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฃ Abstract: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- Îίναι ÏÏοÏανÎÏ ÏÏι Ïε μία καÏâ εξοÏήν θαλάÏÏια ÏÏÏα, ÏÏÏÏ Î· Îλλάδα, οι θαλάÏÏιεÏ
εÏιÏÏÎ®Î¼ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏ
μβάλλοÏ
ν ÏημανÏικά ÏÏην οικονομική-κοινÏνική
ανάÏÏÏ
ξη και ÏÏην οÏθολογική ÏεÏιβαλλονÏική διαÏείÏιÏη, ιδιαίÏεÏα καÏά Ïη ÏημεÏινή
εÏοÏή, καÏά Ïην οÏοία η Îννοια ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏοÏελεί (ή ÏÏÎÏει να αÏοÏελεί)
καÏεÏ
θÏ
νÏήÏια γÏαμμή για Ïη διαÏειÏιÏÏική ÏολιÏική ÏÏο θαλάÏÏιο ÏÏÏο και Ïη βιÏÏιμη
εκμεÏάλλεÏ
Ïη ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν, με ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη διαÏÏάλιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î±Î»Î¬ÏÏιαÏ
Î¿Î¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ÏαÏάκÏιÏν ζÏνÏν.
Τα ÏελεÏ
Ïαία ÏÏÏνια ÏÏην Îλλάδα, οι ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î±ÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην αξιοÏοίηÏη ÏοÏ
θαλάÏÏιοÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏαÏ, εÏιβάλοÏ
ν μια Ïιζική αλλαγή νοοÏÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏίεÏ
μελÎÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
θαλάÏÏιοÏ
ÏεÏιβάλλονÏοÏ, ÏÏÏε να δοθεί μια νÎα
διάÏÏαÏη αÏενÏÏ ÏÏον ÏÏÏÏο ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏηÏ, καÏανÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μελÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏικÏν
ÏαινομÎνÏν, Ïα οÏοία εμÏανίζοÏ
ν ÎνÏονη ÏÏÏοÏÏονική μεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏον ÏαÏάκÏιο
ÏÏÏο, αÏεÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÏην εξÏ
ÏηÏÎÏηÏη καίÏιÏν αναγκÏν για Ïην αÏÏάλεια ÏÎ·Ï Î½Î±Ï
ÏιÏλοÎαÏ,
Ïην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎμÏ
ναÏ, Ïην ÏÏοαγÏγή ÏÏν θαλάÏÏιÏν εÏιÏÏημονικÏν
εÏεÏ
νÏν αλλά, ίÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο κÏ
ÏιÏÏεÏο, ÏÏον καθοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î²Î±ÏικÏν καÏεÏ
θÏνÏεÏν και γενικÏν
κανÏνÏν για Ïη ÏÏÏοθÎÏηÏη ÎÏγÏν ÎνανεÏÏιμÏν ΠηγÏν ÎνÎÏÎ³ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï (ÎÎ Î) και ÏÏον
θαλάÏÏιο ÏÏÏο, με ÏÏÏÏο Ïη γενικÏÏεÏη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¿Î¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¯Î±Ï.
ΣήμεÏα, είμαÏÏε αÏκεÏά ÏÏ
ÏεÏοί να ÎÏοÏ
με ÏÏη διάθεÏη Î¼Î±Ï Î¼Î¹Î± ÏειÏά αÏÏ
ÏÏοηγμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικοÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν εξαιÏεÏικά
ακÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ άμεÏÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Ï
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±ÏάÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν, ÏÏν οÏοίÏν η
ÏÏ
ÏÏημαÏική ÏÏ
λλογή και εÏεξεÏγαÏία, μαζί με Ïη ÏÏήÏη καÏάλληλÏν ÏεÏνικÏν αξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, μÏοÏεί να ÏÏ
νειÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏην εÏίÏεÏ
ξη ÏÏν ÏÏοαναÏεÏÏμενÏν ÏÏÏÏÏν
για εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μικÏÎ®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎ±Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
θαλαÏÏίοÏ
ÏεÏιβάλλονÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏιÏ
ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ.
ΣÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη εÏγαÏία γίνεÏαι αÏÏικά μια ÏÏνÏομη αναÏοÏά ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν οι ÏημεÏινÎÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¹ÏÏοÏν εÏικÏή
Ïην ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏη και Ïην μελÎÏη ÏαινομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι αÏÏ Ïη μÎÏη διακÏμανÏη
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¬Î¸Î¼Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν αλλαγÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην κÏ
κλοÏοÏία ÏÏν θαλάÏÏιÏν
ÏεÏ
μάÏÏν, μÎÏÏι και Ïην ÏαÏÏÏηÏα ÏοÏ
ανÎμοÏ
, Ïο ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν κÏ
μάÏÏν, κ.ά. ÏοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏίζοÏ
ν Ïα ακÏαία καιÏικά ÏαινÏμενα ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏεÏ. ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα η εÏγαÏία
εÏÏιάζει ÏÏη αξιοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
λεγÏμενοÏ
âÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν κÏ
μάÏÏνâ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι άμεÏα με Ïην δÏναμη ÏÏν
κÏ
μάÏÏν ÏοÏ
, μαζί με ÏÎ¹Ï Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î¸Î±Î»Î¬ÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î½ÎµÏÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏηγÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏαλίÏÏοιεÏ
και Ïα Ï
ÏοθαλάÏÏια ÏεÏμαÏα, αÏοÏελοÏν ελÏιδοÏÏÏÎµÏ ÏηγÎÏ Î±ÎµÎ¹ÏÏÏοÏ
ενÎÏÎ³ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν αÏκεÏά ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα λαμβάνονÏÎ±Ï Ï
ÏÏÏη και ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î¹Î´Î¹ÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην
ÏÏοβλεÏιμÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
Ï. ΠαÏαθÎÏονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα, Ï.Ï. αÏÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÎιγαίοÏ
, η εÏγαÏία ÏÏοÏεÏει εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÏÏο να αναδείξει ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏηÏ
ενÎÏÎ³ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν κÏ
μάÏÏν, ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¿Î¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏκοÏιμÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν
ÏεÏιβαλλονÏικÏν ÏλεονεκÏημάÏÏν, ακÏμη και Ïε μÎÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ ÎºÏ
μάÏÏν.
Notes: ABSTRACT - It is obvious that in a predominantly maritime country such as Greece, marine sciences
and technologies can contribute significantly to economic and social development and
sound environmental management, especially during the era when the concept of
sustainability is (or should be) guiding the management policy and the sustainable
exploitation of the marine areas, while ensuring the orderly development of the marine
economy and the coastal regions.
In recent years in Greece, the current requirements for the use of the maritime regions
in the country, require a radical change in the way we perceive the process of studying and
mapping the marine environment, so that to give a new dimension both in the way, we
understand and study the natural phenomena, which have strong spatial and temporal
variability in the coastal areas, and to serve other critical needs for safe navigation, support
for the national defence, promotion of marine scientific research, but perhaps most
importantly, to establish basic new guidelines and general rules for carrying our renewable
energy projects and in the sea areas, for the overall development and the improvement of
the Greek economy.
Today we are lucky enough to have available to us a number of advanced geodetic
altimeter-carrying satellites which provide extremely accurate and direct measurements of
instantaneous dynamic state of the seas. The systematic collection and processing of these
measurements, together with the use of appropriate techniques, can contribute to achieving
these goals for large- and small-scale studies of the marine environment in various areas of
interest.
In this work we give a brief overview of the possibilities offered by current satellite
altimeter techniques, which make it possible to monitor and study the phenomena related to
the variation in average sea levels and changes in the circulation of sea currents, and even
the wind speed, wave heights, water temperature etc. usually causing the extreme weather
conditions at sea. Specifically, the paper focuses on the use of altimeter data providing
measurements of the so-called âsignificant wave heightâ, which are directly related to the
power of the waves, along with other natural marine sources of renewable energy such as
tidal and underwater currents, which are promising sustainable energy sources that offer
many advantages, taking into account the physical properties and predictability. Citing
specific examples, e.g. from the Aegean, this study also aims to highlight the natural
features of wave energy potential of the Greek seas, including basic estimates for the
associated economic feasibility and environmental benefits, even in the moderate wave
conditions encountered in these areas.
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION: http://xeee.web.auth.gr/powerpoints_xeee11/07/delikaraoglou.pdf , http://www.mediafire.com/?erwbzsbb6bg5xo2 , http://www.humyo.com/FLZmCrQ/MyPublications_copies/2010_XEEE_D%26SDeli.pdf?a=5BHT4nkzNbw
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D Delikaraoglou, A Georgopoulos, C Ioannidis, E Lambrou, G Pantazis (2010) USING GEODETIC AND LASER SCANNER MEASUREMENTS FOR MEASURING AND
MONITORING THE STRUCTURAL DAMAGE OF A POST BYZANTINE CHURCH In: 8th International Symposium on the Conservation of Monuments in the Mediterranean Basin, Patras, Greece, 31/5-2/6/2010 Abstract: This paper presents a detailed description of the methodologies and the actions taken for determining and monitoring the deformations and micro-movements of the post-byzantine Church of Megali Panayia in Samarina. An assessment is also provided of the first results obtained from the repeated observations and their combined adjustment, followed by a discussion on their reliability. The reported analysis focuses on the following crucial aspects: the accuracy and the stability of georeferencing, which is fundamental to make comparisons between different multi-temporal measurements; and the computation of deformation based on the survey observations between the established control points. Emphasis is given to the presentation of the results using a detailed 3D model of the church, created from terrestrial laser scanner point clouds. The methodology applied involves the analytical combination of multi-source measurements, i.e. GPS observations and classical surveying observations using appropriate high-end theodolites and total stations, in order to achieve the highest possible accuracy. The use of a time-of-flight laser scanner provided data for the 3D model creation. From the re-measuring of this network four times during a five month period and by comparing and analyzing the results of all measurements, it was possible to detect and obtain crucial information about the buildingâs structural behaviour and the surrounding terrainâs displacements and deformations. The results show a tendency of the surrounding ground to slide towards the northeast direction in a very slow tempo. However the observed displacements between characteristic control points on the building itself tend to demonstrate a slow varying periodic effect. The internal accuracy achieved in absolute positioning of the network points is of the order of ±2-3 millimeters. Notes: The paper's presentation ia available in: http://www.humyo.com/9964333/MyPublications_copies/MyPPPs/DDeli_Patras_2010_2slides.pdf?a=vsjLq-OJcdQ
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Jitka Hรกjkovรก, Ioannis Mintourakis, Demitris Delikaraoglou (2010) SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION AND SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF AIRBORNE GRAVITY DATA FOR EARTH GRAVITY FIELD MODELLING-A CASE STUDY FOR TAIWAN In: 4th International Conference from Scientific Computing to Computational Engineering, Athens, 7-10 July, ISBN 978-950-98941-3-5. Abstract: The precise knowledge of the Earth gravity field is of fundamental importance for various Earth Sciences disciplines such as Geodesy, Oceanography and Solid Earth Physics. Today, making use of the new and emerging gravity field related measurement technologies requires the interplay of methods from computer science with mathematics and engineering or natural sciences together with substantial amount of computations using efficient numerical methods and visualization tools. Commonly, the Earthâs gravity field can be represented as a signal consisting of various bands of wavelengths in the frequency domain. In this paper we use various signal processing techniques for the manipulation of airborne gravity data in order to represent a local model of the Earth gravity field (geoid) in Taiwan. We shall present results of various analyses based on the solution of the Geodetic Boundary Value Problem (BVP) using one-step integration. For the reference part of the gravity field we use different expansions of a spherical harmonics global Earth Gravitational Model (EGM). We also investigate the efficiency of these local geoid models in comparison with in-situ observations such as height data from GPS/Leveling. Notes: Powerpoint presentation links: http://mfi.re/?wywteymy1eozw2z, http://www.humyo.com/9964333/MyPublications_copies/2010_4th_IC-SCCE_2.pdf?a=EU5ZSHS9fTw - Mirror links for article: http://mfi.re/?zzfkukfzdyzwy2e, http://www.humyo.com/9964333/MyPublications_copies/2010_4th-IC-SCCE_JH%2C%20IM%2C%20DDeli.pdf?a=muJunIaCg9Q
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2009 |
G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou, G Ferentinos (2009) Formulation of a vector equation for the plumblines of the Earth's normal gravity field without integration In: Proc. Symp. 'Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Aerospace and Sciences', Genoa, Italy, June 25-27, 2008 Edited by:S. Sivasundaram. Vol. 2, pp. 80-88 Cambridge Scientific Publishers Ltd. Abstract: The Earthâs normal gravity field is generated by a suitable ellipsoid of revolution, which by
definition is assumed to enclose the Earthâs mass (including the mass of the atmosphere) and rotates with
the same angular velocity as the real Earth. The problem on hand is that given the coordinates of a point
P (initial conditions), the vector equation of a plumbline passing through P is the solution of a highly
non-linear system of O.D. equations. With this work, we seek to formulate a vector equation for the
plumbline in a local Cartesian system (x, y, h), which can then be evaluated without integration.We take
advantage of the fact that the plumbline has very small curvature, no torsion, and the separation between
the points of the plumb line and the points of the vertical line to the ellipsoid passing through P is also
very small. The normal potential and the curvature of the plumbline are described with suitable functions
and by making the assumption that the curvature varies linearly along the y-direction, we formulate an
algebraic equation, which under certain conditions, gives the desirable solution. Notes:
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G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou (2009) Formulae for the determination of the elements of the Eรถtvos matrix of the Earthโs normal gravity field and a relation between normal and actual Gaussian curvature , presented in the VII Maroussi - Hotine Symposium, Rome 6-10 July [Conference papers] Abstract: The Eötvos matrix (along with the Bruns and the Burali â Forti matrices) played an
essential role for the study of the Earthâs gravity field by appropriate measurements of
scalar quantities. With the Bruns matrix we can describe the local variation of the gravity
vector expressed in a global Cartesian system (X,Y,Z), while the Eötvos matrix is a
representation of the Bruns matrix in a local Cartesian system (x,y,z). The representation
of the Eötvos matrix can be made with invariant quantities such as the curvature and
torsion of the geodesic lines which are tangent to the parametric lines at a specific point.
For this representation the parametric lines of the equipotential surfaces must be at least
vertical to each other in a small region around the surface point of interest. Here we form
relations which determine the second order partial derivative of the normal potential along
the East â West direction, the curvature of the plumbline, the measure of the normal
gravity vector and the Gauss curvature of the equipotential surface. For this purpose we
will give the necessary transformations between a global Cartesian coordinates (X,Y,Z)
and the ellipsoidal coordinates (u, β, λ). Due to the limited space it is not possible to write
the whole transformation of the second order partial derivatives of the normal potential
between (X,Y,Z) and (u,β,λ) coordinates. Finally we consider the relations for the normal
potential and the normal gravity vector as known so we wonât write them down. Notes:
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2008 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2008) ฮฮญฮตฯ ฯฯฮฟฮฟฯฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฯฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฮทฯฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮณฮตฯฮผฮฟฯฯฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮฏฮฑฯ ฮทฯฮตฮนฯฯฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฯฮตฯฮนฮฟฯฯฮฝ ฯฯฮทฯฮนฮผฮฟฯฮฟฮนฯฮฝฯฮฑฯ ฯ
ฯฮฟฮผฮตฯฯฮนฮบฮฌ ฮดฮตฮดฮฟฮผฮญฮฝฮฑ ฮฑฯฯ ฯฮนฯ ฮดฮฟฯฯ
ฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮฑฯฮฟฯฯฮฟฮปฮญฯ SRTM ฮบฮฑฮน ICESat (paper in Greek; New perspectives for the mapping of land areas using height data from the satellite missions SRTM and ICESat) In: 10ฮฟ ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮญฮดฯฮนฮฟ ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ, 12-14 ฮฮฟฮตฮผฮฒฯฮฏฮฟฯ
, ฮฯฮฌฮฝฮฝฮนฮฝฮฑ , ฯฮตฮป. 551-570, ฮงฮฮกฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮฮ ฮฮ ฮฮฃฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮฮคฮฮฮกฮฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฃ Abstract: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- Î ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏη και ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏη ÏÏν αλλαγÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Îνα εγγενÏÏ ÏÏιÏδιάÏÏαÏο ÏÏÏβλημα ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
Ïικά ανÏιμεÏÏÏίζεÏαι ÏÏ
μÏληÏÏνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαδοÏιακÎÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Ï
ÏδιάÏÏαÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎµÎ¼Î±ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ÏÏίÏη διάÏÏαÏη ÏÏη μοÏÏή ενÏÏ Î¾ÎµÏÏÏιÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
ÏομεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ καÏάλληλη κάλÏ
Ïη και ακÏίβεια.
ΣήμεÏα για ÏολλÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î· ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏη γεÏμοÏÏολογικÏν δομÏν ÏεκÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏοÎλεÏ
ÏηÏ, η αÏοÏÏÏÏÏη Ï
δÏογÏαÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν Ïε ÏοÏογÏαÏικοÏÏ ÏάÏÏεÏ, η διαμÏÏÏÏÏη ÏÏÏαÏηγικÏν ÏεÏιβαλλονÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÎºÏίμηÏηÏ, κ.ά. Ï
ÏάÏÏει μια ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ξανÏμενη ζήÏηÏη για ÏηÏιακά Ï
ÏομεÏÏικά μονÏÎλα εδάÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ Ï
Ïηλή ακÏίβεια και κάλÏ
Ïη καÏάλληλα να ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïα εÏιθÏ
μηÏά ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά γνÏÏίÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Ïε διάÏοÏÎµÏ (αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÎÏÏι αÏκεÏά μεγάλεÏ) ÏÏÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏονικÎÏ ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎµÏ. ΤÎÏοια Ï
ÏομεÏÏικά μονÏÎλα εδάÏοÏ
Ï, Ï.Ï. Ïε εÏίÏεδα ÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏ 1 μÎÏÏι 3 δεÏ
ÏεÏÏλεÏÏα ÏÏξοÏ
(30-90 m) ή και καλÏÏεÏα, εξακολοÏ
θοÏν να αÏοÏ
ÏιάζοÏ
ν ενÏελÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏολλÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎλλάδαÏ, κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏην ηÏειÏÏÏική ÏεÏιÏÎÏεια, ÏÏοÏ
η ανάγκη ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏημανÏική, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î¶ÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν οÏεινÏν και ημιοÏεινÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν, ÏÏοÏ
η γεÏμοÏÏολογία ÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏακÏηÏίζεÏαι αÏÏ ÎνÏονο οÏÎµÎ¹Î½Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³Î»Ï
Ïο και ÏληθÏÏα Ï
δάÏινÏν ÏÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. ÎÏειÏοÏ) ή Ïε ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏλοÏÏιοÏ
θαλάÏÏιοÏ
διαμελιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Ï.Ï. Ïα νηÏιά) ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζοÏ
ν Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎÏ ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ανάγλÏ
ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï.
ΣήμεÏα νÎÎµÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½ÎÏ Î½Î± ÏαÏάÏÏοÏ
ν καÏάλληλα δεδομÎνα με διαÏαινÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏοοÏÏικÎÏ Î½Î± καλÏÏοÏ
ν αÏ
Ïά Ïα κενά ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏοÏελοÏν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïα εναÎÏια και δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα LIDAR και SAR. Î ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη εÏγαÏία εÏικενÏÏÏνεÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏη διεÏεÏνηÏη ÏÏν αδÏ
ναμιÏν και ÏÏν ÏλεονεκÏημάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι με Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÏÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î·ÏειÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏιÏÎÏειαÏ, με Ïα ελεÏθεÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏÏβαÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏομεÏÏικά δεδομÎνα αÏÏ Ïην ειδική αÏοÏÏολή SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) ÏοÏ
διαÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î»ÎµÏÏοÏείοÏ
Ïο 2000 και Ïο διαÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ LIDAR ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
ICESat (Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite) για Ïην ÏεÏίοδο αÏÏ Ïο 2003 μÎÏÏι ÏήμεÏα. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ενδεικÏικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα αÏÏ Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
αναδεικνÏοÏ
ν ÏημανÏικÎÏ ÏÏÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏομεÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν SRTM (και ICESat) ÏÏ ÏÏ
νάÏÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏιοÏήÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
κάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î·Ï, ÏÏν κλίÏεÏν ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏαναÏολιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏαÏÎÏονÏÎ±Ï Î¼Î¹Î± ολοκληÏÏμÎνη αξιολÏγηÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏαÏÏογÏαÏική αÏεικÏνιÏη διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Ï
ÏομεÏÏικÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïα εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼Îνα και Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
Ï Ïε ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏοÏ
Îνα αξιÏÏιÏÏο ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλο εδάÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏοÏελεί κÏÏιο εÏγαλείο μελÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ.
Powerpoint presentation: http://web.auth.gr/xeee/powerpoints_xeee10/Session06/04_Delikaraoglou.pdf Notes: ABSTRACT - The mapping and monitoring of the changes of the earthâs surface are inherently a three-dimensional problem which is formally dealt with by supplementing the traditional two-dimensional processes of thematic mapping with information on the third dimension in the form of a separate digital elevation/topography model with suitable coverage and resolution.
Today for several applications, such as the mapping of geomorphologic structures of tectonic origin, the depiction of hydrological networks in topographic maps, the formulation of environmental protection strategies, etc. there exists a continuously increasing demand for digital elevation models with high enough precision and coverage which can suitably describe the desirable earth surface characteristics in various (from intermediate up to large) spatial and temporal scales. Such detailed terrain models, e.g. in spatial spacing from 1 up to 3 seconds of arc (30-90 m) or even better, are still not available for several of regions of Greece, mainly in the mountainous areas where their geomorphology is characterized by intense relief and abundance of aquatic resources (e.g. Epirus) or in regions of rich marine diversity (e.g. the islands) that exhibit big differences in their relief.
Today the main new technologies offering the prospects to cover these voids of information are the airborne and satellite borne LIDAR and SAR systems. This work is focused mainly in the investigation of the strength and weaknesses that are related with the analysis of the topography of various areas of the continental Greek regions, using the openly accessible elevation data from the special Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) that took place in 2000 and the space borne LIDAR system of the Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) that continues to provide data since 2003. In this paper we present results of our analyses that demonstrate that there exist important relations between the SRTM and ICESat elevation data that are dependent on the land use cover (i.e., mountains, wetlands, forests, urban areas) and the morphology of the various regions (i.e., the surface slopes and their orientation etc.), and therefore influence the use of these data in applications that require reliable digital elevation models for the study and development of such areas.
Powerpoint presentation: http://web.auth.gr/xeee/powerpoints_xeee10/Session06/04_Delikaraoglou.pdf
|
2006 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2006) ฮฮนฮฑฯฮฑฮนฮฝฯฮผฮตฮฝฮตฯ ฯฯฮฟฮฟฯฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮฑฯฯ ฯฮท ฮดฮนฮบฯฯ
ฮฑฮบฮฎ ฯ
ฯฮฟฮดฮฟฮผฮฎ ฯฮฟฯ
HEPOS ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮท ฮผฮตฯฮฌฮดฮฟฯฮท ฯฯฯฮนฮบฯฮฝ ฯฮปฮทฯฮฟฯฮฟฯฮนฯฮฝ ฮผฮญฯฯ ฯ
ฯฮทฯฮตฯฮนฯฮฝ WEB ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฑฯฯฯฮผฮฑฯฯฮฝ ฮบฮนฮฝฮทฯฯฮฝ ฯฯ
ฯฮบฮตฯ
ฯฮฝ (paper in Greek; Foreseable implications from the HEPOS infrastructure for the availability of geospatial information using web services and mobile devices) In: 9ฮฟ ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮญฮดฯฮนฮฟ ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ, 2-4 ฮฮฟฮตฮผฮฒฯฮฏฮฟฯ
, ฮงฮฑฮฝฮนฮฌ ฮงฮฮกฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮฮ ฮฮ ฮฮฃฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮฮคฮฮฮกฮฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฃ Abstract: The Hellenic Positioning Services System (HEPOS) is scheduled to be operational in
2007, in order to provide, for the needs of the Hellenic Cadastre and not only,
precise positioning services by using the existing Global Positioning System (GPS).
HEPOS will be based on a state-of-the-art telecommunications infrastructure and a
network of some 100 reference GPS stations of continuous operation. The advanced
operation of the HEPOS stations will be based on the technique of Virtual Reference
Stations (VRS), which in turn is based on optimal algorithms for estimating the GPS errors and transmitting differential corrections to suitably equipped users, even
when they are on the move, so that to be able to locate themselves with an
accuracy of a few centimeters in real time.
In this work, we give a concise report of the planned technical characteristics of
HEPOS, with particular emphasis on the networking technologies and the
telecommunications methods that will be used. Furthermore we examine the use of
Web Services as an additional solution for the protocol and communication
requirements for the continuous flow of differential GPS corrections to the geodetic
users of HEPOS and potentially, for conveying other geospatial information of
interest via the Internet. This offers the prospect of extending the basic operation
of HEPOS in a practical, efficient and secure method of exchanging geospatial data
via low cost of GPS receivers and any wireless mobile location-aware devices
capable of transmitting data via TCP/IP. It is suggested that the aforementioned
additional infrastructure and extension of the basic operation of HEPOS will provide,
beyond its intended geodetic operations and products for which the system has
been designed, and other useful information to support the mobility of users (infomobility)
and the ubiquitous Location-based Services (LBS) that currently strive to
cover a large number of applications, such as individualised navigation, guidance of
tourists, travellers assistance, etc.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το ÎµÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï HEPOS (Hellenic Positioning Service) είναι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎνο να Ïεθεί Ïε λειÏοÏ
Ïγία μÎÏα ÏÏο 2007, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να ÏαÏÎÏει, για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
και ÏÏι μÏνο, Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏιβοÏÏ ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Ïο Ï
ÏιÏÏάμενο ÏαγκÏÏμιο ÏÏÏÏημα ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï GPS. Îα αÏοÏελείÏαι αÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± ÏÏγÏÏονη ÏηλεÏικοινÏνιακή Ï
Ïοδομή και Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο 100 ÏεÏίÏοÏ
μονίμÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγίαÏ. Î ÏÏοηγμÎνη λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
HEPOS θα ÏÏηÏίζεÏαι ÏÏην αÏοκαλοÏμενη ÏεÏνική ÏÏν εικονικÏν ÏÏαθμÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï (Virtual Reference Stations, VRS) και θα βαÏίζεÏαι Ïε βÎλÏιÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î»Î³ÏÏιθμοÏ
Ï ÎµÎºÏίμηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν GPS και ÏÏη μεÏάδοÏη διαÏοÏικÏν διοÏθÏÏεÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Ïάλληλα εξοÏλιÏμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ, ακÏμα και ÏÏαν αÏ
Ïοί είναι Ïε κίνηÏη, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να μÏοÏοÏν ενÏοÏίζοÏ
ν Ïη θÎÏη ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ ακÏίβεια μεÏικÏν εκαÏοÏÏÏμεÏÏÏν Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο.
Σε αÏ
Ïή Ïην εÏγαÏία, γίνεÏαι αÏÏικά μια ÏÏ
νοÏÏική αναÏοÏά ÏÏα ÏεÏνικά ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏÏεδιαÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
HEPOS, με ιδιαίÏεÏη ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο ÏηλεÏικοινÏÎ½Î¹Î±ÎºÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν. ΠεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÏάζεÏαι η ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
(Web Services) ÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± ÏÏ
μÏληÏÏμαÏική λÏÏη ÏÏÏÏοκÏλλοÏ
και εÏικοινÏÎ½Î¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏ
νεÏή Ïοή ÏÏν διαÏοÏικÏν GPS διοÏθÏÏεÏν ÏοÏ
HEPOS και ενδεÏομÎνÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Ïν ÏÏÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î¼ÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
, με ÏÏοοÏÏική η βαÏική λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
HEPOS να εÏεκÏαθεί Ïε μια ÏÏακÏική, αÏοδοÏική και αÏÏαλή μÎθοδο ανÏÎ±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÏÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν μÎÏÏ ÏÎ±Î¼Î·Î»Î¿Ï ÎºÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎµÎºÏÏν GPS και οÏοιαÏδήÏοÏε αÏÏÏμαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·ÏÎ®Ï ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
Î®Ï Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½Î®Ï Î½Î± μεÏαδίδει δεδομÎνα μÎÏÏ TCP/IP. Î ÏοÏείνεÏαι ÏÏι η εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
μÏληÏÏμαÏική Ï
Ïοδομή και εÏÎκÏαÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
HEPOS θα ÏαÏÎÏει, ÏÎÏαν ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν λειÏοÏ
ÏγιÏν και ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν για Ïα οÏοία ÎÏει ÏÏÏÏίÏÏÏÏ ÏÏεδιαÏÏεί, και ÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·ÏικÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν (info-mobility) και ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏανÏαÏÎ¿Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎµÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï (Location-based Services, LBS) ÏοÏ
καλÏÏÏοÏ
ν Îνα μεγάλο αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÏν, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¾Î±ÏομικεÏ
μÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏλοήγηÏηÏ, ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¿Î´Î®Î³Î·ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏÏν, ÏÎ·Ï Î¿Î´Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î²Î¿Î®Î¸ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï, κ.ά.
- ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï online in: http://users.auth.gr/kvek/2006-Delikaraoglou-Chania.pdf
|
2005 |
D Delikaraoglou, N Kalogeropoulos, J Tzigounakis, G Souris (2005) GEOTOPOS-Supporting Geomatics Engineering Education with a Knowledge Database of Geosciences-Based Digital Content In: World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society Conference on Engineering Education, Athens, July 8-10 416-422 Abstract: Todayâs advances in digital information and communication technologies, especially in areas such
as the World Wide Web accessibility and Web-mediated learning environments, provide a wide variety of
means to support and empower the teaching, learning and training experiences of both the teachers and the
learners in all levels of educational needs.
At the Department of Surveying Engineering of the National Technical University of Athens, we are facing
this challenge by developing GEOTOPOS, a repository of Geosciences-based digital resources that are
systematically organized for easy access, efficient search and intelligent navigation through the Web.
GEOTOPOS would essentially evolve into a Digital Library for Earth System Education that will eventually
support teaching, learning and research about the Earth as a system in general and Geomatics Engineering in
particular.
This paper addresses key concepts and the architecture characteristics of GEOTOPOS, with emphasis on the
models necessary to represent geosciences-based knowledge, which is accessed in most cases in terms of
geographic content and relationships that, in turn, are creating special challenges and opportunities for
networked information systems like the GEOTOPOS. It describes implementation details for the various
components of GEOTOPOS, as well as discusses briefly both the lessons learned so far, and the future
directions of our efforts.
Notes:
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Îι ÏημεÏινÎÏ ÏÏÏοδοι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ½Î·Î¼ÎÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏικοινÏνιÏν, ειδικά ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÏÏÏ Î· δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏÏÏβαÏÎ·Ï ÏÏο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο (World Wide Web) και ÏÏα νÎα διαδÏαÏÏικά, διαδικÏÏ
ακά μαθηÏιακά ÏεÏιβάλλονÏα, ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν μια εÏ
Ïεία Ïοικιλία μÎÏÏν ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζοÏ
ν και βελÏιÏνοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¼ÏειÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î´Î±ÏκαλίαÏ, εκμάθηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏάÏÏιÏηÏ, ÏÏÏο ÏÏν διδαÏκÏνÏÏν και ÏÏν ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏÏν για Ïλα Ïα εÏίÏεδα εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÏν αναγκÏν.
ΣÏη ΣÏολή ÎΤΠÏοÏ
ÎÎÎ , ανÏιμεÏÏÏίζοÏ
με αÏ
Ïήν Ïην ÏÏÏκληÏη με Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎÎ¥, μια αÏοθήκη ÏηÏιακÏν ÏÏÏÏν γεÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ, οι οÏοίοι οÏγανÏνονÏαι ÏÏ
ÏÏημαÏικά για Ïην εÏκολη ÏÏÏÏβαÏη, Ïην αÏοδοÏική αναζήÏηÏη και Ïην ÎξÏ
Ïνη ÏλοήγηÏη μÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
. Î ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎÎ¥ μÏοÏεί να εξελιÏθεί οÏ
ÏιαÏÏικά Ïε μια ÏηÏιακή βιβλιοθήκη ÏÏÏÏν για Ïην εκÏαίδεÏ
Ïη ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎεÏεÏιÏÏÎ®Î¼ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
θα Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζει Ïη διδαÏκαλία και Ïην εκμάθηÏη Ïε γνÏÏÏικά ανÏικείμενα ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν γενικά Ïη Îη ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα και Ïη ÎεÏμαÏική ÎηÏανική και Ïη ÎεÏÏληÏοÏοÏική ειδικÏÏεÏα.
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εξεÏάζει ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏιÏεκÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎÎ¥, με ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏα ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα ÏοÏ
είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏα για να ανÏιÏÏοÏÏÏεÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην γεÏεÏιÏÏημονική γνÏÏη, η οÏοία ÏÏοÏεγγίζεÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïην ÏλεÏ
Ïά ονÏοÏήÏÏν γεÏγÏαÏικÏν ÏεÏιεÏομÎνοÏ
και ÏÏν ÏÏÎÏεÏν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
, ÏÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, δημιοÏ
ÏγοÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ ÏÏοκλήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏ
καιÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïα δικÏÏ
ÏμÎνα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν γεÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏÏ Î¿ ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ. ΠεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι με λεÏÏομÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Ïα ÏÏάδια δημιοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏαÏικÏν ÏμημάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎÎ¥, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏÎÏονÏαι εν ÏÏ
νÏομία οι εμÏειÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, και ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»Î»Î¿Î½ÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±ÏεÏ
θÏνÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏÏαθειÏν μαÏ.
(Also available in: http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2005athens/ee/papers/507-110.pdf)
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2005) ฮ ฮกฯฮปฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฝ ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮนฯฮฝ ฮฮตฯฯฮปฮทฯฮฟฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮคฮฟฯ
ฯฮนฯฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฮฝฮฌฯฯฯ
ฮพฮท (paper in Greek; The role of Geoinformatics technologies in the development of tourism) In: ฮ ฯฮฑฮบฯฮนฮบฮฌ ฮฮผฮตฯฮฏฮดฮฑฯ โฮคฮฟฯ
ฯฮนฯฮผฯฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฮตฯฮนฯฮตฯฮตฮนฮฑฮบฮฎ ฮฮฝฮฌฯฯฯ
ฮพฮทโ, ฮฮธฮฎฮฝฮฑ, 21 ฮฮฑฮฝฮฟฯ
ฮฑฯฮฏฮฟฯ
ฮฃฮฮคฮ, ฮ.ฮ.ฮ . Abstract: ΣήμεÏα οι ÏημανÏικÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏαξιδιÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιÏειÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏικοί οÏγανιÏμοί εκÏÏάζοÏ
ν Îνα αÏ
ξανÏμενο ενδιαÏÎÏον για ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει η ÏÏγκλιÏη ÏÏν ÏÏγÏÏονÏν ÏεÏνολογιÏν ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ αÏÏÏμαÏÎµÏ ÎµÏικοινÏνίεÏ, η δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, η νÎÎµÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
κινηÏÎ¿Ï ÎÏÏÎ¿Ï (mobile Web) και οι ÏοÏηÏÎÏ ÏÏÏο-ενήμεÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ÎÏ (Ï.Ï. PDAs, κινηÏά ÏηλÎÏÏνα, κ.ά.) με multimedia δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏεÏ, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να αναÏÏÏξοÏ
ν νÎÎµÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏαξιδιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ, αξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏοÏ
ÏÏÏνοÏ
και ÏοÏ
ÏιÏμοÏ. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹Î½Î¿ÏÏμÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν, ÏοÏ
είναι γνÏÏÏÎÏ ÏÏ Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏηÏ, μÏοÏεί να ÏαÏÎÏει ÏολÏÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏεÏικÎÏ Î¼Îµ Ïον ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏεÏιοÏήÏ, αÏÏ Ïην ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ενÏÏ ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοÏ
θÎÏεÏÏοÏ
ή Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î¿Î»ÏκληÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏήÏ, και αÏÏ Ïα Ïημεία ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ, μÎÏÏι ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏαγÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï Î® ακÏμα και να βοηθήÏει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιÏειÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏÏ
ναλλαγÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏικÏν ÏοÏÎÏν και ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏÏν.
Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι εν ÏÏ
νÏομία ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏ
μβάλοÏ
ν ÏÏην ÏαÏοÏή καÏάλληλÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Ïε ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¿Î¼Î¬Î´ÎµÏ-ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, και ÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏ
ναÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼Îµ Ïη ÎεÏÏληÏοÏοÏική μÏοÏοÏν να βοηθήÏοÏ
ν ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη νÎÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏαÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏεÏιεÏομÎνοÏ
μÎÏÏ ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
Ïν. ÎÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÏ
Ïικά ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα, θα εξεÏαÏÏοÏν οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î½ÎÏν ÏÏÏαÏηγικÏν ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏικά εξαÏÏημÎνÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ικανÏν να μεγιÏÏοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏική ÏÏοÏθηÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν και ÏÏν κÏÏιÏν ÏÏοÏεÏημάÏÏν ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÏÏÏ Ïη μοναδικÏÏηÏα ÏοÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏαÏακÏήÏα ÏοÏ
Ï, Ïην ÏολιÏιÏÏική κληÏονομιά ÏοÏ
Ï, Ïο ÏάÏμα ÏÏν ξενοδοÏειακÏν και άλλÏν Ï
ÏοδομÏν ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ.
Notes:
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
, ฮ ฮฮฑฮปฮฟฮณฮตฯฯฯฮฟฯ
ฮปฮฟฯ, ฮ ฮคฮถฮนฮณฮบฮฟฯ
ฮฝฮฌฮบฮทฯ, ฮ ฮฃฮฟฯ
ฯฮฎฯ (2005) ฮฮฮฉฮคฮฮ ฮฮฃ โ ฮฮนฮฑ ฮฮฌฯฮท ฮฮตฯฮณฮฝฯฯฮทฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮฝฮตฯฮณฮทฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฮพฮตฯฮตฯฮฝฮทฯฮท ฮฮตฯฮตฯฮนฯฯฮทฮผฮฟฮฝฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฮบฯฮฑฮนฮดฮตฯ
ฯฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฅฮปฮนฮบฮฟฯ (paper in Greek; GEOTOPOS - A knwoledge database for the active exploitation of geoscientific educational resources) In: ฮ ฮฑฮฝฮตฮป. ฮฯฮนฯฯ. ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮตฮดฯฮฏฮฟฯ
โฮฮญฮตฯ ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮฏฮตฯ ฯฯฮท ฮฮนฮฑ ฮฮฏฮฟฯ
ฮฮฌฮธฮทฯฮทโ, ฮฮฑฮผฮฏฮฑ, 16-17 ฮฯฯฮนฮปฮฏฮฟฯ
Abstract: ΣÏη ΣÏολή ÎγÏονÏμÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν (ΣÎΤÎ) ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
(ÎÎÎ ) Ï
λοÏοιείÏαι ÏÏαδιακά, ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
Î ÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎ, ο ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ, μια ÏηÏιακή ÎάÏη ÎεÏγνÏÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ Ïλα Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÏÎ¿Î¸Î®ÎºÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÏαιδεÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
λικοÏâ (Digital Repository for Earth System Science Educational Resources). Το εν εξελίξει ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÏεδιάζεÏαι , ÏÏÏε ÏÏο άμεÏο μÎλλον να εξÏ
ÏηÏεÏεί ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î¬ÏκονÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÎΤΠάλλα και άλλοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏεÏÏμενοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
με ÏÏγÏÏονοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏοθήκεÏ
ÏηÏ, Î´Î¹Î±Î½Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ αξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏηÏιακÏν ÏÏÏÏν ÏÏεÏικÏν με ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα θÎμαÏα ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη ÏÏ
ÏÏημαÏική μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα, αÏÏ Ïη ÏκοÏιά και Ïα ενδιαÏÎÏονÏα ÏοÏ
ΤοÏογÏάÏοÏ
ÎηÏÎ±Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïε Ïλα Ïα εÏίÏεδα και ÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï Î±Î½Î±Î³ÎºÎ±Î¯Ïν διεÏιÏÏημονικÏν γνÏÏεÏν (Ï.Ï. ÎεÏδαιÏία, ΦÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏία, ΧαÏÏογÏαÏία, ΤηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏη, ΩκεανογÏαÏία, ΥδÏογÏαÏία κ.ά.). Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία ÏÏαγμαÏεÏεÏαι ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏιÏεκÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ, ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ¼ÏειÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÎÏÏι ÏήμεÏα, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»Î»Î¿Î½ÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±ÏεÏ
θÏνÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Ï
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏÏάθειαÏ. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¿ γενικÏÏεÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏÏÏÏ Î¿ ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ ÏÏην ÏοιοÏική αναβάθμιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·ÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸ÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ η διαÏαινÏμενη ÏÏ
μβολή ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏεμβαÏικÎÏ (διαδÏαÏÏικÎÏ) μοÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎνοικÏÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Îξ ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ ÎκÏαίδεÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Îια
ÎίοÏ
ÎάθηÏÎ·Ï Ïε γνÏÏÏικά ανÏικείμενα ÏοÏ
άÏÏονÏαι ÏÏν ÎεÏεÏιÏÏημÏν.
Notes: ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏιμο online: http://cosy.ted.unipi.gr/NTdiabiou2005/media/papers/P7.doc
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D Delikaraoglou, N Kalogeropoulos, J Tzigounakis, G Souris (2005) Digital Libraries for Earth System Science: Enabling a Paradigm Shift in Geomatics Engineering Education In: 10th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics (PCI 2005), Volos, Greece, 11-13, November 290-301 Abstract: GEOTOPOS is e-Repository of Geosciences-based digital content
that is being developed at the National Technical University of Athens in order
to enhance the traditional learning process and address multiple learning styles
and needs, as well as to enable new pedagogical models based on Webmediated
learning environments. GEOTOPOS has been designed in response to
users' needs collected through surveys of faculty and students involved in
Geomatics Engineering teaching and education. Hence, it is being developed as
the mechanism to support the development, use and more importantly re-use of
digital resources, which focus on specific topics, disciplines or themes relevant
to Geosciences, and they provide information in a variety of forms and from
many sources. The purpose of this paper is to present some of the key concepts
and critical issues involved, such as the processes of selective combination,
query, and discovery of Earth System Science related digital learning resources
and information.
Notes:
Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ είναι μια âηλεκÏÏονική αÏοθήκηâ γεÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏεÏιεÏομÎνοÏ
ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏÏεÏαι ÏÏη ΣÏολή ÎγÏονÏμÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν αναÏÏÏ
ξιακÏν ÏÏοÏÏαθειÏν ενίÏÏÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαδοÏιακÏν διαδικαÏιÏν εκμάθηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να ικανοÏοιηθοÏν ÏολλαÏλÎÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδÏν διδαÏκαλίαÏ/εκμάθηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μαθηÏιακÏν αναγκÏν, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ για να δοκιμαÏÏοÏν νÎα ÏαιδαγÏγικά ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα βαÏιÏμÎνα Ïε ÏοικιλÏμοÏÏα διαδικÏÏ
ακά (Web-mediated) μαθηÏιακά ÏεÏιβάλλονÏα. Î ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎΣ ÎÏει ÏÏεδιαÏÏεί Ïε αÏάνÏηÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÎºÏÏαÏμÎνÏν αναγκÏν ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎÏθηκαν μÎÏÏ ÏÏεÏικÏν εÏÏÏημαÏολογίÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î¬ÏκονÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÎΤÎ. Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, αναÏÏÏÏÏεÏαι ÏÏÏÏίÏÏÏÏ ÏÏ ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î¼Î·ÏανιÏμÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξει Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη, Ïη ÏÏήÏη και Ïο Ïιο ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Ïην εÏαναÏÏηÏιμοÏοίηÏη ÏηÏιακÏν ÏÏÏÏν (εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
λικοÏ), οι οÏοίοι εÏÏιάζοÏ
ν ÏÏα ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα γνÏÏÏικά ανÏικείμενα ή Ïοικίλα θÎμαÏα ÏÏεÏικά με ÏÎ¹Ï ÎεÏεÏιÏÏήμεÏ, και ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ αÏÏ
ÏολλÎÏ ÏηγÎÏ ÎµÏιÏÏημονικοÏ, εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î®/και εÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏοÏ. Î ÏκοÏÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιαÏÏοÏν μεÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα κÏίÏιμα ζηÏήμαÏα ÏÏεδιαÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎΩΤÎÎ ÎÎ¥, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î¶Î®ÏηÏηÏ, διεÏεÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏÎ¹Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±ÏάλληλÏν ÏηÏιακÏν ÏÏÏÏν για ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎºÏαιδεÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα.
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
, ฮ ฮฮตฯฯฮณฮฏฮฟฯ
(2004) ฮฅฯฮทฯฮตฯฮฏฮตฯ ฮฮพฮนฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮฮตฯฮณฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฮญฯฮทฯ โ ฮฮนฮฑ ฯฯ
ฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮฎ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟ ฮฮญฯฯฮฟฮฒฮฟ (paper in Greek; Location-based services - A typical application for Metsovo) In: 4ฮฟ ฮฮนฮตฯฮนฯฯฮทฮผฮฟฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮญฮดฯฮนฮฟ ฯฮฟฯ
ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟฯ
ฮฮญฮฝฯฯฮฟฯ
ฮฮนฮตฯฮนฯฯฮทฮผฮฟฮฝฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฯฮตฯ
ฮฝฮฑฯ (ฮฮ.ฮ.ฮ.ฮ) ฯฮฟฯ
ฮ.ฮ.ฮ ., โฮ ฮฮปฮฟฮบฮปฮทฯฯฮผฮญฮฝฮท ฮฮฝฮฌฯฯฯ
ฮพฮท ฯฮทฯ ฮฯฮตฮฏฯฮฟฯ
โ, 23-26 ฮฃฮตฯฯ., ฮฮญฯฯฮฟฮฒฮฟ. Abstract: ΣÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη εÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά οι ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏηÏ, και ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι οι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα Ï
λοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏÎÏÎ¿Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏη ÏεÏιοÏή ÏοÏ
ÎεÏÏÏβοÏ
. ΠεÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει ÏÏην ÏιλοÏική εÏεÏ
νηÏική ÏÏοÏÏάθεια ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
λοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï Ïε Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή ÏÎ±Î»Î¬Î¼Î·Ï (palmtop), η οÏοία εÏιÏÏÎÏει, μÎÏο ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ Î´ÎκÏη GPS ÏειÏÏÏ, να είναι γνÏÏÏή Ïε κάθε ÏÏονική ÏÏιγμή η ακÏÎ¹Î²Î®Ï Î¸ÎÏη ÏοÏ
δÎκÏη και κάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη αÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î½Î± είναι δÏ
ναÏή η ÏÏÏÏβαÏη Ïε ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î® Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη θÎÏη ή Ïην ÏεÏιοÏή καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η ÏλοήγηÏη Ïε εÏιλεγμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏοοÏιÏμοÏÏ ÏοÏ
άμεÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏÏήÏÏη. Î ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη εÏαÏμογή ÏÏεδιάÏÏηκε για ÏÏήÏη αÏÏ ÎµÏιÏκÎÏÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
ÎεÏÏÏβοÏ
, ÏÏÏÏ ÏοÏ
ÏίÏÏεÏ, ÏÏ
ÏιολάÏÏÎµÏ Î® άλλοÏ
Ï ÎµÏιÏκÎÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎεÏÏÏβοÏ
ÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏαι Ï.Ï.
⢠για Ïην ÏεÏιήγηÏη ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏα αξιοθÎαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï (μοναÏÏήÏια, μοÏ
Ïεία, κ.ά.),
⢠για ÏεζοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Ïε γÏαÏικά μονοÏάÏια ÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏαίθÏοÏ
(Îάλια ÎάλνÏα, ÎαÏ
ÏοβοÏνι, κ.ά.) ή
⢠για Ïην άμεÏη καθοδήγηÏη ÏοÏ
Ï Ïε ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏοοÏιÏμοÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï (ÏιονοδÏομικά κÎνÏÏα, οÏειβαÏικά καÏαÏÏγια, κ.ά.).
ΣÏην εÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι η μεθοδολογία ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏÏÏηκε ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να εÏιÏεÏ
Ïθεί η διαÏÏνδεÏη ÏοÏ
κινηÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GIS Arcpad, με Ïο GPS ÏÏη ÏλαÏÏÏÏμα iPaq και η λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν αÏαιÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÏ
Ïικά ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν θεμαÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν καÏαδεικνÏονÏαι οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏβαÏηÏ, Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο, Ïε ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± μια ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη θÎÏη και Ïην ÏεÏιβάλλοÏ
Ïα ÏεÏιοÏή. ÎÏιÏλÎον γίνεÏαι αναÏοÏά Ïε ÏÏÎδια ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ γενικÏÏεÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹Î½Î¿ÏÏμÏν μεθÏδÏν και ÏεÏνικÏν ÏοÏ
θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να ÏÏ
νειÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïε θÎμαÏα ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏείÏοÏ
, ÏÏÏÏ Î· ÏεÏιήγηÏη (και ÏοÏ
ÏιÏÏική ανάδειξη) ÏÏν οÏεινÏν ÏγκÏν, η καÏαγÏαÏή και ÏÏοβολή ÏεÏιοÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏολιÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ»Î·ÏονομιάÏ, κÏημαÏογÏαÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κÏημαÏολογικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, κ.ά.
Notes:
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2004) ฮฮพฮตฮปฮนฯฯฯฮผฮตฮฝฮตฯ ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฮญฯ, ฮ ฯฯฯฯ
ฯฮฑ, ฮคฮฌฯฮตฮนฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฯฮฟฮบฮปฮฎฯฮตฮนฯ ฮฑฯฯ ฯฮฟ ฯฯฯฮฟ ฯฮทฯ ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฮตฯฯฮปฮทฯฮฟฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ ฮฮฝฮฌฯฯฯ
ฮพฮท ฮฅฯฮทฯฮตฯฮนฯฮฝ ฮฮพฮนฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮฮตฯฮณฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฮญฯฮทฯ (paper in Greek; Ongoing methodologies, standards, technological trends and
challenges in Cartography and Geomatics for the development
of Location Based Services) In: 8ฮฟ ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮฝฮญฮดฯฮนฮฟ ฮงฮฑฯฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ, 24-26 ฮฮฟฮตฮผฮฒฯฮฏฮฟฯ
, ฮฮตฯฯฮฑฮปฮฟฮฝฮฏฮบฮท ฯฮตฮป. 383-400 ฮงฮฮกฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮฮ ฮฮ ฮฮฃฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฃ Abstract: Îι âÎ¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï (Location Based Services, LBS)â αÏοÏελοÏν μια ÏÏÏÏÏαÏη καινοÏομία ÏÏο ÏÏÏο ÏÏν ΤεÏνολογιÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎεÏÏληÏοÏοÏικήÏ. Îι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Ïάλληλα εξοÏλιÏμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ, αÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏÏα ενÏοÏίÏοÏ
ν Ïην γεÏγÏαÏική ÏοÏ
Ï Î¸ÎÏη, να αναζηÏοÏν και να ανακÏοÏν γενικÎÏ Î® εξαÏομικεÏ
μÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïην εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏη ÏεÏιοÏή ή Ïον ÏεÏιβάλλονÏα ÏÏÏο ÏÏοÏ
εÏ
ÏίÏκονÏαι ή κινοÏνÏαι. ΣÏη ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία, ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏÏηκε ÏÏο 8ο ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î§Î±ÏÏογÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î£ÏνÎδÏιο (24-26 ÎοεμβÏίοÏ
2004, ÎεÏÏαλονίκη), αÏÏίζονÏÎ±Ï Î¼Îµ μια ÏÏ
νοÏÏική εÏιÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν LBS, εξεÏάζονÏαι Ïα βαÏικά ÏμήμαÏα Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι μÎθοδοι ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα και οι ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν εÏηÏεάÏει Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξή ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÏν. ÎδιαίÏεÏη ÎμÏαÏη δίνεÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î±ÏαιÏήÏειÏ, αλλά και Ïα διαÏαινÏμενα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα διαÏÏνδεÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï (GPS, Î-GPS, ÎίκÏÏ
ο-κενÏÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν, κ.ά.), ÏÏν ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν, Ïο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο και ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏÏμαÏÎµÏ ÎµÏικοινÏνίεÏ. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι ο ζÏÏικÏÏ ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏημαÏÎ¹Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏο-ÏÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν γεÏγÏαÏικÏν ÏÏοιÏείÏν ÏοÏ
καλοÏνÏαι να διαÏειÏιÏθοÏν οι εÏαÏμογÎÏ Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν LBS, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαδεικνÏονÏαι οι βαÏικοί ÏαÏάγονÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα κÏιÏήÏια ÏοÏ
οδηγοÏν ÏÏην αÏοÏελεÏμαÏική διαÏείÏιÏη ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιεÏομÎνοÏ
ÏÏν εÏαÏμογÏν LBS μÎÏÏ ÎºÎ±ÏάλληλÏν μονÏÎλÏν ονÏολογιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏίζοÏ
ν ÏολÏÏλεÏ
Ïα εÏίÏεδα ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν (Ï.Ï. ÏημαÏιολογικÏ, δομικÏ/ÏÏεÏιακÏ, μεÏÏικÏ/γεÏμεÏÏικÏ, ενÏοÏιÏμοÏ/αναγνÏÏιÏηÏ). ÎÏίÏηÏ, ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι Ïα βαÏικά λειÏοÏ
Ïγικά ÏÏοιÏεία, ομοιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ διαÏοÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏενάÏια ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
ÏικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν LBS ÏοÏ
αÏοÏκοÏοÏν, για ÏαÏάδειγμα, ÏÏην εξÏ
ÏηÏÎÏηÏη ÏÏηÏÏÏν είÏε Ïε Îνα ÏεÏιοÏιÏμÎνο γεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο ή Ïε μια εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏη ÏεÏιοÏή, ÏÏοÏ
ανάλογα με ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏαινÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î¼Î¿ÏÏÏνονÏαι και οι Î±Î½Î¬Î»Î¿Î³ÎµÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î»ÏÏειÏ. ΤÎλοÏ, με βάÏη Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¼ÏειÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δοκιμÎÏ Î´Ïο ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν αναÏÏÏ
Ïθεί ÏÏη ΣÎΤÎ/ÎÎÎ , γίνεÏαι αναÏοÏά ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏονÏαι για ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ LBS μÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÎÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
, ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïη διανομή ÏÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν και Ïη εÏÎκÏαÏη ÏÏν Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ εÏιÏλÎον ÏÏÏικÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏ âκαÏâ αÏαίÏηÏηâ γεÏαναÏοÏά, ÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î¸ÎÏεÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ, ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏη κ.ά.
Notes:
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1993 |
D Delikaraoglou, C Armenakis, D Christodoulidis (1993) Use of Hypermedia Tools: Making Global Change Data Accessible and Comprehensible for Decision Making and Education In: Proceedings of the United Nations/Indonesia Regional Conference on Space Science and Technology for Sustainable Development", Bandung, Indonesia, May 17-21 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ÎÏοÏελεÏμαÏικÎÏ Î±ÏοÏάÏειÏ, Ïε εÏίÏεδο διαÏείÏιÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎµÎ¼Î¬ÏÏν, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏοÏικά και ÏαγκÏÏμια ÏÏοβλήμαÏα, ÏÏεÏικά με Ïο ÏεÏιβάλλον και Ïην αλλαγή ÏοÏ
κλίμαÏοÏ, είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να Ï
λοÏοιηθοÏν, αν βαÏίζονÏαι Ïε διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Ïαν οικοÏÏÏÏημα, ÏοÏ
είναι ακÏιβείÏ, ÏλήÏειÏ, καÏανοηÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ άμεÏα ÏÏοÏβάÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏÎÏ, ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÏημονικÏν δεδομÎνÏν, ÏολιÏικοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ άλλοÏ
Ï Î¹Î¸ÏνονÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικοÏÏ. ΣÏ
νήθÏÏ ÏÎÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏηÏοÏνÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïε ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα βάÏεÏν δεδομÎνÏν, ÏοÏ
είναι ÏÏεδιαÏμÎνα να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζοÏ
ν διαÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ: αÏÏ ÎºÏαÏικοÏÏ ÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι μικÏά εÏεÏ
νηÏικά ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα. ΩÏÏÏÏο, αν και οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÎÏοιÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν μÏοÏοÏν να καλÏÏÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î¶Î®ÏηÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι ÏολÏÏÎ»Î¿ÎºÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³ÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏηÏ, Ïο ÏÏ
Î½Î®Î¸ÎµÏ ÏÏÏβλημα για Ïον μÎÏο ÏÏήÏÏη, είναι ÏÏι αÏ
ÏÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι Ïε θÎÏη να αÏομοιÏÏει ή να εκμεÏαλεÏ
θεί Ïον μεγάλο Ïγκο ÏÏν διαθÎÏιμÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν, ÏοÏ
ενδεÏομÎνÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ αÏοθηκεÏ
μÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏα εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ ÏεÏνολογίεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ "ÎξÏ
ÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÎάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎεδομÎνÏν" και ΠολÏ
μÎÏα (Hypermedia/Multimedia), οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¹ÏÏοÏν δÏ
ναÏÎÏ Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ½Î±Î»Î»Î±ÎºÏικÎÏ Î»ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏήÏη εÏγαλείÏν ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να βοηθήÏοÏ
ν ÏÏην αÏοÏελεÏμαÏική ÏÏήÏη μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ, για Ïην ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏη ÏÏοβλημάÏÏν αÏÏ Ïην ÏαγκÏÏμια αλλαγή κλίμαÏοÏ, για αÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏÏÏο Ïη βιÏÏιμη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη, ÏÏο και για εκÏαιδεÏ
ÏικοÏÏ ÏκοÏοÏÏ. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα ÏÎÏοιÏν μεθοδολογίÏν και καÏαδεικνÏονÏαι η δομή και Ïα ÏÏοιÏεία μονÏÎλÏν hypermedia, ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν για Ïη διαÏÏνδεÏη δεδομÎνÏν Ïε ÏολλαÏλÎÏ Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎÏ (Ï.Ï., δεδομÎνα ÏηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏηÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ¹ÎºÏνεÏ, γεÏμεÏÏικÎÏ Î® θεμαÏικÎÏ Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏικÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ, κείμενα, animation, κλÏ.) και ÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ Hypermedia/Multimedia μÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν για Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία εÏοÏÏικÏν ÏÏοÏεγγίÏεÏν, ÏοÏ
με Ïη ÏειÏά ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να εÏεκÏείνοÏ
ν Ïην ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î½ÏÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιÎÏεÏαι Ïε Îνα ÏÏÏÏημα "ÎξÏ
ÏνÏν ÎάÏεÏν ÎεδομÎνÏν" ή εÏαÏμογÏν.
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D Delikaraoglou, D Christodoulidis (1993) On the Use of Precision Kinematic GPS Techniques for Capturing Geographical Information on-the-fly In: Proceedings of the United Nations/Indonesia Regional Conference on Space Science and Technology for Sustainable Development", Bandung, Indonesia, May 17-21. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ÎεδομÎνα μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¼ÎµÏÎµÏ (Ï.Ï. ÏολÏ
ÏαÏμαÏικÎÏ Î²Î¹Î½ÏεοκάμεÏεÏ), ÏαδιÏμεÏÏα και ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î±ÎµÏομεÏαÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏγανα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι εÏ
ÏÎÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ÏαÏαÏήÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ, ÏÏ
λλÎγονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏÏÏ Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÏν αγÏοκαλλιεÏγειÏν, αÏοδάÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏαÏÏÏοÏÎÏ Î´Î±ÏÏν, ÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î·Ï ÎºÎ»Ï., καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ για Ïη ÏÏ
λλογή ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν Ïε καÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Î¼ÎÏοÏ
Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏεμβάÏεÏν, ÏÏÏÏ ÏλημμÏÏεÏ, ÏÏ
ÏκαγιÎÏ Î´Î±ÏÏν, ÏεÏÏÎµÎ»Î±Î¹Î¿ÎºÎ·Î»Î¯Î´ÎµÏ Ïε ÏαÏάκÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ Îº.ά. Î ÏÏζεÏ
ξη ÏÎÏοιÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ (Ï.Ï. εÏίγειεÏ) ÏηγÎÏ Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±Ï
ξάνοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïη ÏÏηÏιμÏÏηÏα ÏÎÏοιÏν εÏαÏμογÏν. ΣήμεÏα, Ïο δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î Î±Î³ÎºÏÏμιο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï GPS ÏαÏÎÏει ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι για Ïη γεÏαναÏοÏά ÏÎÏοιÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν με ακÏίβεια και αÏοÏελεÏμαÏικÏÏηÏα. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, γίνεÏαι μια ÏÏγκÏιÏη μεθÏδÏν ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS αÏ
ÏÏνομα ή Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ αδÏανειακά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα (Inertial Navigation Systems, INS). ÎξεÏάζονÏαι διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏακÏικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
εÏÏιάζοÏ
ν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏη ÏÏήÏη ÏολλαÏλÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏ ÏÏαθμοί αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη ÏÏ
λλογή (ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ) και Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν ÏÏ
λλεγμÎνÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS. Îι ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι μελλονÏικÎÏ ÏάÏειÏ, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïον ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï GPS και ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν λήÏÎ·Ï ÏηÏιακÏν εικÏνÏν ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά.
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![]() | |
1992 |
D Delikaraoglou (1992) Global Positioning System: An overview of present capabilities, current trends and future prospects In: International Workshop on Global Positioning Systems in Geosciences, Chania, Crete, May, pp. 66-78 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î Î±Î³ÎºÏÏμιο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (GPS) Ïαίζει ήδη Îνα ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏλο Ïε ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÏεδÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏίγειεÏ, ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¸Î±Î»Î¬ÏÏιεÏ, ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½Î±ÎÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î® ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏημικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Ï.Ï. για Ïοικίλα εÏίÏεδα ακÏίβειαÏ, Ïε ÎÏγα μικÏÎ®Ï Î® Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Î·Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎ±Ï, Ïε εμÏοÏικÎÏ Î® εÏιÏÏημονικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, κλÏ.). ÎαθÏÏ Î¿ ÏÏημαÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS ÏληÏιάζει ÏÏην ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎνη εÏιÏειÏηÏιακή ÏάÏη λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, είναι ÏανεÏή μια ÏειÏά ανεÏÏÏμενÏν ÏεÏνολογικÏν ÏάÏεÏν, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη λειÏοÏ
Ïγία και Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ. ÎαθÏÏ Î· ÏεÏνολογία ÏÏν δεκÏÏν GPS αναμÎνεÏαι να ÏÏιμάζει Ïλο και ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏο και Ïο κÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν να μειÏνεÏαι καÏά μία ή δÏο ÏÎ¬Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³ÎθοÏ
Ï ÏÏην εÏÏμενη δεκαεÏία, η ακÏίβεια αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ GPS αναμÎνεÏαι να αÏ
ξηθεί, καÏά ÏεÏίÏοÏ
μια Ïάξη μεγÎθοÏ
Ï, με Ïη διάθεÏη δεκÏÏν Ïιο ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ
γμÎνÏν, Ïε μÎÎ³ÎµÎ¸Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ βάÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μικÏÏÏεÏÏν αÏαιÏήÏεÏν Ïε ηλεκÏÏική ιÏÏÏ, με Ïη διάθεÏη ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏήÏη ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην εÏαÏμογή αÏοÏελεÏμαÏικÏν κινημαÏικÏν μεθÏδÏν ενÏοÏιÏμοÏ. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, εξεÏάζονÏαι οι ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏεÏνολογικÎÏ ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ γίνεÏαι μια ÏÏοÏÏάθεια να ÏÏοιÏειοθεÏηθοÏν, ÏÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏλοήγηÏηÏ, Ïα ÏλαίÏια νÎÏν εÏαÏμογÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
καθίÏÏανÏαι δÏ
ναÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÏν. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι οι ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏάÏειÏ, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¾Î¿ÏλιÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα μονÏÎλα ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï GPS για εÏαÏμογÎÏ Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο (real-time) ή καÏÏÏιν μεÏεÏεξεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. ΧαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏÏ
ζηÏοÏνÏαι θÎμαÏα, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS, η εκμεÏάλεÏ
Ïη ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
κÏδικα και ÏÎ·Ï ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, η ÏÏήÏη ÏολλαÏλÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏ Î¼ÎÏοÏ
ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν εÏιδÏάÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏκεμμÎÎ½Î·Ï Ï
ÏοβάθμιÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏοÏ
GPS (Ï.Ï. λÏÎ³Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏιλεκÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎιαθεÏιμÏÏηÏÎ±Ï (Selective Availability)), καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ διάÏοÏοι ÏεÏιοÏιÏÏικοί ÏαÏάγονÏÎµÏ ÏÏη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS.
|
|
D Delikaraoglou (1992) Airborne kinematic applications of the Global Positioning System using multiple monitor stations In: International Workshop on Global Positioning Systems in Geosciences, Chania, Crete, May, pp. 367-379. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΠαÏαδοÏιακά, η ÏλειονÏÏηÏα ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν GPS αÏοÏοÏν ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ μεθÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ. ΩÏÏÏÏο με Ïη διάθεÏη νÎÏν ÏÏÏÏν δεκÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ λειÏοÏ
ÏγικÎÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ με Ïη ÏÏήÏη Ï
ÏηλÏν ÏÏοδιαγÏαÏÏν μεθÏδÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS, Îνα ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¼ÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏÏη θάλαÏÏα και Ïον αÎÏα μÏοÏοÏν ÏλÎον να ικανοÏοιηθοÏν εÏκολα αÏÏ ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·Î¼Î±ÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï. Îι ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ αÏοÏÎλεÏμα κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏν εξελίξεÏν ÏÏα ηλεκÏÏονικά, ÏÏοÏ
είναι ÏλÎον δÏ
ναÏÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏολλαÏλά κανάλια ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏημάÏÏν, Ïε ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ
γμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Ïε μÎÎ³ÎµÎ¸Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ βάÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ÎÏ, με δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα μεÏÏήÏεÏν Ïε γÏήγοÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏ
θμοÏÏ, καλÏÏεÏη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î±ÏοθήκεÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν κλÏ. ÎνδεικÏικά αναÏÎÏονÏαι εναÎÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏη, βαÏÏ
ÏομεÏÏία αÏÏ Î±ÎÏοÏ, καÏαγÏαÏή ÏÏοÏίλ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎ¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±ÎµÏομεÏαÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ÎÏ Î»ÎÏζεÏ, ÏÏοÏ
η ÏÏήÏη κινημαÏικÏν μεθÏδÏν GPS ÏÏ
Ïνά εÏιÏÏÎÏει να ξεÏεÏαÏÏοÏν διάÏοÏα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα, Ïα οÏοία ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν ÏÏην εκÏÎλεÏη εÏιγείÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, γίνεÏαι μια ÏÏγκÏιÏη μεθÏδÏν ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS αÏ
ÏÏνομα ή Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ αδÏανειακά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα (Inertial Navigation Systems, INS). ÎξεÏάζονÏαι διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏακÏικά αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
εÏÏιάζοÏ
ν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏη ÏÏήÏη ÏολλαÏλÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏ ÏÏαθμοί αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη ÏÏ
λλογή (ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ) και Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν ÏÏ
λλεγμÎνÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS. ÎÏιÏλÎον ÏÏ
ζηÏοÏνÏαι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα εÏÏÏημαÏικά, ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι με Ïα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμενα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα, ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Ï
λοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν εÏαÏμογÏν και ÏÏν αναγκαίÏν εξοÏλιÏμÏν ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι, ÏÏÏε να ÏÏοκÏÏοÏ
ν ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏÏειÏ.
| |
|
Y Georgiadou, I Webster, D Delikaraoglou (1992) GPS Ionospheric Modelling for Moving Platforms In: International Workshop on Global Positioning Systems in Geosciences, Chania, Crete, May, pp. 392-399. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Ïα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα κινημαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ, ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏÏÏηκαν, και Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏεÏÏθηκαν, αÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± καμÏάνια μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Î±ÎµÏομεÏαÏεÏÏμενο GPS, ÏοÏ
εκÏελÎÏÏηκαν ÏÏη ÏεÏιοÏή ÏÎ·Ï Ottawa, Ontario, Ïον ÎκÏÏβÏιο 1990, αÏÏ Ïα ÎμοÏÏονδιακά ÎÎνÏÏα ΤηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏÎ·Ï (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, CCRS) και ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Canada Centre for Surveying, CCS) ÏοÏ
Î¥ÏοÏ
ÏγείοÏ
ÎνÎÏγειαÏ, ÎÏÏ
κÏÏν και ΦÏ
ÏικÏν Î ÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Energy, Mines and Resources Canada). ÎξεÏάζεÏαι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Îνα καινοÏÏγιο μονÏÎλο, για Ïη διÏÏθÏÏη ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS Î¼Î¿Î½Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Ï
ÏÏεÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκαλεί η ιονÏÏÏαιÏα ÏÏα ÏήμαÏα ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS. ΠμονÏελοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏιδÏάÏεÏν γίνεÏαι με βάÏη μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS διÏÎ»Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏοÏ
εκÏελοÏνÏαι Ïε εÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÏÏη ÏεÏιοÏή δÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
αεÏομεÏαÏεÏÏμενοÏ
GPS Î¼Î¿Î½Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏαÏ. ÎÏÏ Ïα εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλα, Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι οι μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÏν ιονοÏÏαιÏικÏν καθÏ
ÏÏεÏήÏεÏν Ïαν ÏÏ
νάÏÏηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏνοÏ
και εÏαÏμÏζονÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼Î¿Î½Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν GPS ÏÏο αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ. ÎÏÏ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν αναλÏÏεÏν καÏαδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι η εÏαμογή ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλÏν εÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïη διÏÏθÏÏη ÏÏν ιονοÏÏαιÏικÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS ÏÏο αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ, Ïε εÏίÏεδα ακÏίβεια ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
1 part per million (ppm) ή ÏεÏίÏοÏ
μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï 20 και 70 cm, για ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏεÏν 3 μÎÏÏι και ÏλÎον ÏÏν 4 ÏÏÏν. ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÏÏοκÏÏÏει αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν διακÏιÏÏν θÎÏεÏν (ÏÏεÏικÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï) ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½ÏÎÎ½Î±Ï GPS ÏÏο αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκαν αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικοÏÏ ÎµÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏάÏ, ÏοÏ
εκÏελοÏÏαν ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ GPS μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏν ÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏκάÏοÏ
Ï.
| |
1990 |
D Delikaraoglou, H Dragert, J Kouba, K Lochhead, J Popelar (1990) The Development of a Canadian GPS Active Control System: Status of the Current Array In: 2nd International Symposium on Precise Positioning with the Global Positioning System (GPS), Ottawa, Canada, Sept. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνεÏγÏν ÎικÏÏÏν (Active Control System, ACS), Ïο οÏοίο αναÏÏÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Ïο Î¥Ï. ÎνÎÏγειαÏ, ÎÏÏ
κÏÏν και ΦÏ
ÏικÏν Î ÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. Το ÏÏÏÏημα ACS βαÏίζεÏαι Ïε Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγίαÏ, ÏÏν οÏοίÏν Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα να Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ να εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι η γεÏαναÏοÏά ÏημείÏν και άλλÏν ÏÏÏικÏν ÏÏοιÏείÏν με Ï
Ïηλή ακÏίβεια, για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοικίλÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν, γεÏÏÏ
ÏικÏν, ÏκεανογÏαÏικÏν, ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÏν και άλλÏν εÏαÏμογÏν. Πεν Î»Î¿Î³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Ïην ÏÏÎÏοÏ
Ïα δομή και Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏελείÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÏÏον κενÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Îαναδά, εξοÏλιÏμÎνοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ γεÏδαιÏικοÏÏ Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ TI-4100. ÎναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ³ÎºÎ±ÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏην Ottawa, Ontario, ÏÏοÏ
ÏαÏακολοÏ
θοÏνÏαι εξ αÏοÏÏάÏεÏÏ, αÏ
ÏÏμαÏα και ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³ÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα δεδομÎνα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎγονÏαι, μεÏαÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÏικοÏÏ ÎºÎ¿Î¼ÏιοÏÏÎµÏ Î¼Îµ Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÏαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏÎ¯Î³ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ Î³ÏαμμÎÏ ÏηλεÏικοινÏÎ½Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏαγÏÎ³Î®Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν. Τα δεδομÎνα με Ïη ÏειÏά ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏονÏαι και Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι οι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν και άλλοι γεÏδαιÏικοί ÏαÏάμεÏÏοι ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ, και Ïα εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏοÏÏνÏα αÏοθηκεÏονÏαι για ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÏÏήÏη ή ÏÏοÏθηÏη Ïε ενδιαÏεÏÏμενοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. ΠεÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει εÏίÏÎ·Ï Ïε ÏειÏά εν εξελίξει εÏγαÏιÏν, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏκοÏοÏν ÏÏον εκÏÏ
γÏÏονιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÎµÎ¾Î¿ÏλιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν με δÎκÏÎµÏ GPS ÏÏÏοÏ
ROGUE, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ με Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏείÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ACS.
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D Delikaraoglou, N Christou, M Berube (1990) Monitoring the Oceans with Satellite Altimetry Techniques In: Inter. Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Symp. on Global Environmental Monitoring: Techniques and Impacts, Victoria, B.C., Canada, Sept. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ÎεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικά ÏανÏÎ¬Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÎµÎ½Î´ÎµÎ¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ, Ïο ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν κÏ
μάÏÏν και Ïην ιÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏεÏθÏ
νÏη ÏÏν ανÎμÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¸Î±Î»Î¬ÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, ÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹ÎÏÏονÏαι οι αλÏιμεÏÏικοί δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοι. Îια Ïα ÏÏία ÏÏοηγοÏμενα ÏÏÏνια, Ïο αλÏίμεÏÏο ÏανÏÎ¬Ï ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
GEOSAT ÏοÏ
αμεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ±Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ¿Î»ÎµÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î½Î±Ï
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι για να μελεÏηθοÏν η καÏάÏÏαÏη ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν και η ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÏ
κλοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν (Ï.Ï. ÏαλίÏÏοιεÏ, ÏεÏμαÏα) Ïε ÏαγκÏÏμιο εÏίÏεδο. ΣÏο άμεÏο μÎλλον, νÎοι αλÏιμεÏÏικοί δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοι, ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏίζεÏαι να ÏεθοÏν Ïε λειÏοÏ
Ïγία, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοι ÏÏν ÏειÏÏν ERS, TOPEX/Poseidon, κ.ά., αναμÎνεÏαι να δÏÏοÏ
ν αÏ
ξημÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ÏÏ
νεÏή ÏαÏαÏήÏηÏη ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν, ÏÏÏε να μελεÏηθοÏν με μεγαλÏÏεÏη ακÏίβεια οι μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ να διαÏÏÏιÏθοÏν οι εÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν αιÏίÏν ÏÏν ÏαινομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοκαλοÏν (Ï.Ï., ÏίεÏη ÏÏν ανÎμÏν, αÏμοÏÏαιÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
νθήκεÏ, κλÏ.). Îια να εÏιÏεÏ
ÏθοÏν ÏÎÏοιοι ÏÏÏÏοι, αÏαιÏείÏαι να δημιοÏ
ÏγηθοÏν οι Î±Î½Î±Î³ÎºÎ±Î¯ÎµÏ Ï
ÏοδομÎÏ, για Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν και άλλÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏαÏαÏήÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν Ïε εÏιÏειÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÎµÏίÏεδο, ÏÏÏε αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏÎοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î½Î± μÏοÏοÏν να μελεÏηθοÏν ÏαινÏμενα, ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿ ÏÎ·Ï ÏαγκÏÏμια Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
ανÏανακλάÏαι εν ÏÎ¿Î»Î»Î¿Î¯Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏαβολÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏικÎÏ ÏÏοÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
καÏαβάλλονÏαι, για αÏ
ÏÏ Ïο ÏκοÏÏ ÏÏο ÎμοÏÏÎ¿Î½Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÏ ÎÎνÏÏο ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν αναλÏÏεÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν αÏÏ Ïη λεγÏμενη ÏεÏίοδο ÎÏαναλαμβανÏμενÏν ΤÏοÏιÏν (Exact Repeat Mission) ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
GEOSAT, ÏοÏ
Îγιναν με ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα και λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏ
Ïθήκε για Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία ενδιάμεÏÏν και δοκιμαÏÏικÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν. ÎÏιÏλÎον γίνεÏαι μια αναÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏν ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎνÏν ενεÏγειÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎνÏÏοÏ
ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν μελλονÏικÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν Ïε εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
άμεÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον Îαναδά (Ï.Ï., Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏαÏ).
| |
1989 |
D Delikaraoglou, H Dragert, A Lambert (1989) GLRS Crustal Movements, Altimetry and Eos Precise Orbit Experiments in Canada In: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, July, pp. 1368-1371. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνο ÏÏÏÏημα λÎÎ¹Î¶ÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏÏάÏεÏν και αλÏίμεÏÏοÏ
(Geoscience Laser Ranging and Altimetrer System, GLRS) είναι Îνα αÏÏ Ïα Ïολλά ειδικά ÏÏγανα ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏκειÏαι να μεÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν οι δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοι-ÏολικÎÏ ÏλαÏÏÏÏÎ¼ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα Eos (Earth Observing System) ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎΣÎ. Το GLRS είναι ÏÏεδιαÏμÎνο για να εκÏελεί μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏάÏεÏν αÏÏ Îνα δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î»ÎÏÎ¶ÎµÏ Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, κάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη μικÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î±ÎºÎ»Î±ÏÏήÏÏν ÏÏο ÎδαÏοÏ. Το GLRS ÏαÏÎÏει εÏίÏÎ·Ï Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν (με ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î»ÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ 10 cm) για Ïη καÏαγÏαÏή ÏοÏογÏαÏικÏν ÏÏοÏίλ ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏαγÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν αÏκÏικÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν, ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏκεανοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ.
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει αναλÏ
Ïικά ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GLRS ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν εÏεÏ
νηÏικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
άμεÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον Îαναδά. ÎδιαίÏεÏα, γίνεÏαι μια εÏιÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν εÏεÏ
νηÏικÏν δÏαÏÏηÏιοÏήÏÏν και μελεÏÏν, ÏοÏ
θα βαÏίζονÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
νεÏγιÏÏική ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GLRS, ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï (Active Control System (ACS) networks) και ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ΣÏ
μβολομεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎεγάλÏν ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Very Long Baseline Interferometry, VLBI), για Ïην ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏη ÏεκÏονικÏν μικÏομεÏακινήÏεÏν και ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏÎδια ειδικÏν ÏειÏαμάÏÏν διεξαγÏÎ³Î®Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν (α) ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î´Ï
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏίÏÏανÏαι γεÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏαÏακÏήÏα ÏεκÏονικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏακινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏειÏ, και (β) ÏÏη ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay ÏοÏ
βÏÏειοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏίÏÏανÏαι ÏαινÏμενα μεÏακίνηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏÎµÎ¿Ï ÏÎ»Î¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¾ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαγεÏÏνÏν (post-glacial rebound).
|
|
D Delikaraoglou, J A R Blais, E R Kanasewich, D Agouridis (1989) Satellite Altimetry: Utilization for Resource Exploration In: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, July, pp. 1078-1081. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Îι ÏÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ενÏοÏιÏμÏν και ÏηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏηÏ, ιδιαίÏεÏα με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏα εÏÏμενα ÏÏÏνια αÏοÏÏολÎÏ ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏκειÏαι να καÏαλήξοÏ
ν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏημικÎÏ ÏλαÏÏÏÏÎ¼ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Eos (Earth Observing System), δίνοÏ
ν ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏην ανάγκη να αναÏÏÏ
ÏθοÏν μονÏÎÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸Ïδοι ÏοÏ
θα εκμεÏαλλεÏονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïε ÏÏ
νÎÏγεια ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼Î¿Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ ÎµÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ή ÏεÏνολογιÏν. ÎκÏμα και με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏημεÏινÎÏ ÏεÏνολογικÎÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν οι μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ÏανÏÎ¬Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ, για να μελεÏηθοÏν οι μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να ÏαÏÏογÏαÏηθοÏν ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, ÏÏοÏ
εÏικÏαÏοÏν μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
κνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏον ανÏÏεÏο ÏÎ»Î¿Î¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ για να ανιÏνεÏονÏαι γεÏλογικά ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά, ανάλογα Ïη μοÏÏολογία ÏοÏ
Ï Î® ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏαβολÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκαλοÏν ÏÏο Ïεδίο βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εÏεÏ
νάÏαι η ενδεÏÏμενη ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÏεÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÏελαίοÏ
Ïε ÏαÏάκÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ θαλάÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά οι ÏεÏνολογικÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι ξεÏÏÏιÏÏÎÏ Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½ÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïα ÏÏγÏÏονα ÏανÏÎ¬Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ δίνεÏαι ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι, για να εξάγει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏίεÏ, ÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏοÏ
ν για ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÏεÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÏελαίοÏ
. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι οι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα βαÏικά μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÎÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏειÏ, Ïε μια ÏÏοÏÏάθεια να ÏÏοιÏειοθεÏηθεί, ÏÏÏ Î· δοÏÏ
ÏοÏική αλÏιμεÏÏία μÏοÏεί να αÏοÏελÎÏει μια καινοÏÏγια ÏÏήÏιμη Ïηγή γεÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί ÏÏ
νεÏγιÏÏικά μαζί με άλλα εÏγαλεία και ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎÏοιοÏ
Ï ÏκοÏοÏÏ.
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1986 |
D Delikaraoglou, R R Steeves, N Beck (1986) Development of a Canadian Active Control System using GPS In: Proc. 4th International Symp. on Satellite Positioning, Austin, Texas, May , pp. 1189-1204 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏο ÏαÏÏν άÏθÏο ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι οι δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ο ÏÏεδιαÏμÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην εγκαÏάÏÏαÏη, ÏÏον Îαναδά, ενÏÏ Î£Ï
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνεÏγÏν ÎεÏδαιÏικÏν ÎικÏÏÏν αÏÏ Ïημεία GPS (Active Control GPS Points - ACP). Σε κάθε ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
θα είναι εγκαÏεÏÏημÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´ÎκÏÎ·Ï GPS, ο οÏÎ¿Î¯Î¿Ï Î¸Î± ελÎγÏεÏαι ÏλήÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Îνα μικÏο-κομÏιοÏÏεÏ, ÏοÏ
θα ÏαÏακολοÏ
θεί ανελλιÏÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏιÎÏ ÏλÏν ÏÏν οÏαÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν και Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα θα λειÏοÏ
Ïγεί αÏ
ÏÏμαÏα και ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ïή. Το ÏÏοκÏÏÏον ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÏαθμÏν ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï (Active Control System - ACS) θα λειÏοÏ
Ïγεί αÏ' ενÏÏ Ïαν δίκÏÏ
ο Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξηÏ, για Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ Ï
ÏηλÎÏ Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS, για Ïη βελÏίÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν ÏοÏικά Ïε ολÏκληÏη Ïην ÏεÏιοÏή ÏοÏ
Îαναδά και αÏ' εÏÎÏοÏ
Ïαν δίκÏÏ
ο αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ελÎγÏοÏ
για Ïο διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏημείÏν αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
GPS. ΣÏμÏÏνα με Ïα ιÏÏÏονÏα ÏÏÎδια, ÏÏÏκειÏαι να ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιηθεί η εγκαÏάÏÏαÏη δÏο ÎÏÏ ÏÎνÏε ÏÎÏοιÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγίαÏ, Ïαν δοκιμαÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα ACS. ΣÏο άÏθÏο ÏεÏιγÏάÏεÏαι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¿ ÏÏεδιαÏμÏÏ Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÏÏν εγκαÏαÏÏάÏεÏν κάθε ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¼Î¿Î½Î¬Î´Î±Ï ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï (Control Facility) ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ACS.
|
|
D Delikaraoglou, D J MacArthur, P Heroux, N Beck (1986) Improvements in the second generation GPS software of the Canadian Geodetic Survey In: Proc. 4th International Symp. on Satellite Positioning, Austin, Texas, May , pp.821-838 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏο Î ÏÏÏο ÎιεθνÎÏ Î£Ï
μÏÏÏιο για Ïον ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏημείÏν με ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ΠαγκÏÏμιοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (GPS) ÏÏοÏδιοÏίÏÏηκαν και Ï
ÏοδείÏθηκαν διάÏοÏα Ïεδία ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏάθηκαν εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμενÏν λογιÏμικÏν, ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïα μονÏÎλα Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïον εÏακÏιβή ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν για Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν ακÎÏαιÏν κÏκλÏν ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, Ïη μονÏελοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν αÏμοÏÏαιÏικÏν εÏιδÏάÏεÏν, Ïα μονÏÎλα ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÏν ή μη-διαÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏάÏηÏ, κλÏ. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εÏÏιάζει ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη λογιÏμικÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
Îγινε αÏÏ Ïη ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Canadian Geodetic Survey) μÎÏÏι ÏήμεÏα, και Ïα οÏοία αÏοÏοÏν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î±ÏλÏν η ÏολλαÏλÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν βάÏεÏν μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏημείÏν, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹ÏλÏν και ÏÏιÏλÏν διαÏοÏÏν ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS. Î ÏÏÏÏαÏÎµÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎÏοÏ
ν οδηγήÏει ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î´ÎµÏÏεÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÎ½Î¹Î¬Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏμικÏν, η οÏοία εÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïον ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονο ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS και ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. ÏÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏιÏδιάÏÏαÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνεÏ) ÏÏν βάÏεÏν μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏολλαÏλÏν εÏίγειÏν ÏÏαθμÏν, αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÎÏ Î® μη-διαÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS. ΣÏο ÏαÏÏν άÏθÏο ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά η θεÏÏία, Ïο Ï
ÏÏβαθÏο και η δομή ÏÏν λογιÏμικÏν, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκαν για Ïην ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏη ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν με GPS, με Ïα κÏ
ÏιÏÏεÏα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸ÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι ÏελεÏ
ÏÎ±Î¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ βελÏιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
Ï, κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏαιÏηÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ ÏαÏαγÏÎ³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν αναγκÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά.
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D Delikaraoglou (1986) Report on a Canadian Active Control System using GPS In: Institute of Navigation National Meeting, Long Beach, CA, Jan. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î Îαναδική ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία (Canadian Geodetic Survey) ÏÏÏÏÏαÏα ξεκίνηÏε μια ÎÏεÏ
να με ÏÏÏÏο να εξεÏαÏθοÏν για Ïο άμεÏο μÎλλον διάÏοÏα ÏενάÏια για Ïη ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνη ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν ÏεÏνολογιÏν ΣÏ
μβολομεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎεγάλÏν ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Very Long Baseline Interferometry, VLBI), ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î Î±Î³ÎºÏÏμιοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Global Positioning System, GPS) και ÏÏν ÏεÏνολογιÏν εÏικοινÏÎ½Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ηλεκÏÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¼ÎµÏαÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν για Ïην ικανοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν αναγκÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Îνα ÏÎÏοιο ενδεÏÏμενο ÏÏÏÏημα, ÏοÏ
κÏίνεÏαι ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏλεονεκÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ είναι βαÏιÏμÎνο Ïε Îνα μικÏÏ Î±ÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν ÏÏαθμÏν VLBI και Îνα αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï Î±Ï
ÏομαÏοÏοιημÎνÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï (Active Control Points, ACP). Σε κάθε ÏÏÎ±Î¸Î¼Ï ACP θα είναι εγκαÏεÏÏημÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´ÎκÏÎ·Ï GPS, ο οÏÎ¿Î¯Î¿Ï Î¸Î± ελÎγÏεÏαι ÏλήÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Îνα μικÏο-κομÏιοÏÏεÏ, ÏοÏ
θα βÏίÏκεÏαι Ïε Îνα ÏÏοÏÏ
λαγμÎνο αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ ÏεÏιβάλλον και θα λειÏοÏ
Ïγεί αÏ
ÏÏμαÏα και ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ïή. Το ÏÏ
Î½Î¿Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏαθμÏν θα μÏοÏεί να Ï
Ïολογίζει ÏÎ¹Ï Î¸ÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS και ÏÏν εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν με ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î»ÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ 10 cm, γÏήγοÏα και με Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÏÏÏοÏ. ΣÏο άÏθÏο αÏ
ÏÏ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÎδια για ÏλήÏη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÎÏοιοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ.
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1985 |
D Delikaraoglou, N Beck, D J MacArthur, K Lochhead (1985) On the establishment of 3-D geodetic control by Interferometry with the TI-4100 GPS receiver In: First International Symp. on GPS, Rockville, MD., pp. 645-656 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏο άÏθÏο αÏ
ÏÏ Î³Î¯Î½ÎµÏαι εÏιÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν θεÏÏηÏικÏν και ÏÏακÏικÏν ÏÏοβλημάÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïαν καÏά Ïην εγκαÏάÏÏαÏη γεÏδαιÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
αÏοÏελοÏμενÏν αÏÏ ÏολλοÏÏ ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÏιÏδιάÏÏαÏο ενÏοÏιÏμÏ, με ÏÏήÏη διαÏοÏικÏν (ÏÏεÏικÏν) ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
ΠαγκοÏμίοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (GPS), οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιήθηκαν με δÎκÏÎµÏ GPS, ÏÏÏοÏ
Texas Instruments TI-4100. H ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Canadian Geodetic Survey) ÎÏει ιδÏÏÏει Îνα Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο ελÎγÏοÏ
(calibration network), ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή ÏÎ·Ï Ottawa, ÏÏο οÏοίο οι γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν κοÏÏ
ÏÏν ÏοÏ
κÏ
μαίνονÏαι αÏÏ 13 ÎÏÏ 102 km και ÏÏο οÏοίο Îγιναν Ïο 1984, με δÎκÏÎµÏ GPS ÏÏÏοÏ
TI-4100 οι ÏÏοαναÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏ
ÏÏν ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη εÏγαÏία και δίνεÏαι ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν, γίνεÏαι εÏίÏÎ·Ï ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν οÏιζονÏιογÏαÏικÏν και Ï
ÏομεÏÏικÏν ακÏιβειÏν ÏÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïαν, Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±Î½ÎµÎ¾Î¬ÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÏÎ¯Î³ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, αÏÏ Ïην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏγκÏιÏη, Îδειξαν διαÏοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÏικÏν δεκάÏÏν ÏοÏ
arcsec για Ïα αζιμοÏθια ÏÏν βάÏεÏν ÏοÏ
μεÏÏήθηκαν και 1-2 parts per million (ppm) ή 1-2 mm/km για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï Î²Î¬ÏεÏν αÏÏ 10 μÎÏÏι 100 km.
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D Delikaraoglou, R R Steeves (1985) The Impact of VLBI and GPS on geodesy in Canada In: First International Symp. on GPS, Rockville, MD., pp. 743-752 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÏαÏÏÏαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
θμÏÏ ÏÏην εξÎλιξη ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏημικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ ÏεÏνολογίεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î· ΣÏ
μβολομεÏÏία ÎεγάλÏν (ή ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Ïν) ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏν ((Very) Long Baseline Interferometry - (V)LBI) και Ïο GPS, αλλάζει ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏν, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Ïαν καθιεÏÏθεί ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏελεÏ
ÏÎ±Î¯ÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎºÎ±ÎµÏίεÏ. Îδη Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ιÏÏÏ
Ïά ÏÏοιÏεία, ÏÏι οι νÎÎµÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î¸Î± δÏÏοÏ
ν Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα να εÏιÏεÏ
Ïθεί ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏαλαιÏÏ ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏÏν, δηλαδή να Ï
λοÏοιηθεί Îνα ενιαίο, ÏαγκÏÏμιο γεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο ελÎγÏοÏ
, ÏÏ
νδεδεμÎνο με Îνα αδÏÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï (Inertial Reference Frame). Îι ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμοί, ÏοÏ
γίνονÏαι με (V)LBI καÏ' εÏανάληÏη και Ïε ÏακÏά ÏÏονικά διαÏÏήμαÏα, θα ÏαÏάÏÏοÏ
ν Îνα ακÏιβÎÏ Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλο για Ïη δÏ
ναμική ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Ïε ÏαγκÏÏμια κλίμακα, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ ÏÏη ÏÏεÏική θÎÏη ÏÏν ανÏενÏν Ïε ολÏκληÏη Ïην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î·Ï, με ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏάξεÏÏ ÏοÏ
5 ÎÏÏ 10 cm, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î¸Î± εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνονÏαι με ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
Ï ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν μικÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¯Î±Ï Î·Î¼ÎÏαÏ. ÎνÏίÏÏοιÏα, Ïο GPS θα εÏιÏÏÎÏει ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏημείÏν ÏÏο ÏÏιαÏδιάÏÏαÏο ÏÏÏο, με ÏαÏÏÏαÏο και Î¿Î¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏο, με ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î»Î¯Î³Ïν εκαÏοÏÏÏν Ïε αÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï 20-100 km ή και μεγαλÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια θα μÏοÏεί να Ï
ÏοκαÏαÏÏήÏει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏÎ¯Î³ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ. ΣÏο ÏαÏÏν άÏθÏο γίνεÏαι μία αναÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏν ενδεÏÏμενÏν ÏεναÏίÏν, ÏοÏ
μελεÏÏνÏαι αÏÏ Ïη ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Canadian Geodetic Survey), για Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν ÏεÏνολογιÏν (V)LBI και ÏοÏ
GPS ÏÏον Îαναδά, ιδιαίÏεÏα Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïην εξÎλιξη ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν με Ïη ÏÏήÏη μεÏÏήÏεÏν (V)LBI και GPS, καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ με Ïη βελÏίÏÏη ÏÏην ακÏίβεια ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ καÏά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια ÏÏον ακÏιβÎÏÏεÏο ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν οÏθομεÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS Ïε μικÏÎÏ Î±ÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ).
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D J McArthur, N Beck, K Lochhead, D Delikaraoglou (1985) Precise Relative Positioning with the Macrometer V-1000 Interferometric Surveyor: experiences at the Geodetic Survey of Canada In: First International Symp. on GPS, Rockville, MD., pp. 521-532 Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ÎαÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏοÏ
καλοκαιÏÎ¹Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
1983 Ïο Τμήμα ÎεÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï (Earth Physics Branch, EPB) και η Îαναδική ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία (Canadian Geodetic Survey, CGS), ÏοÏ
Î¥ÏοÏ
ÏγείοÏ
ÎνÎÏγειαÏ, ÎÏÏ
κÏÏν και ΦÏ
ÏικÏν Î ÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Federal Department of Energy, Mines and Resources), ÏÏηÏιμοÏοίηÏαν δÏο δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικοÏÏ Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ GPS ÏÏÏοÏ
Macrometer V-1000, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να αξιολογήÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏÏÏε ÏλÎον ÏÏγÏÏονη ÏεÏνολογία δεκÏÏν GPS για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να ελÎγξοÏ
ν διάÏοÏα ÏακÎÏα λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÏίλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν, ÏÎ¿Ï Îγιναν Ïε Îνα Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο δοκιμÏν GPS ÏÏην Ottawa, Ontario, οδήγηÏαν Ïη ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏει μεÏαγενÎÏÏεÏα ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Macrometer ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονα, ÏÏÏε να μεÏÏήÏει Îνα γεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
ο αÏοÏελοÏμενο αÏÏ 22 Ïημεία ÏÏην εÏαÏÏία ÏÎ·Ï Manitoba, Ïο καλοκαίÏι ÏοÏ
1984. Το εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¬ÏθÏο ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει ανακεÏαλαιÏÏικά Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏεÏÏθηκαν καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏιÏν, και δίνει ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικοÏÏ Ï
ÏολογιÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏακÏικÎÏ Î´Î¹ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹ÎµÎ¾Î±Î³ÏÎ³Î®Ï ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν με δÎκÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Macrometer V-1000, ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÏεξεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν.
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1984 |
N Beck, D Delikaraoglou, K Lochhead, D J MacArthur, G Lachapelle (1984) Preliminary results on the use of differential GPS Positioning for geodetic applications In: Symposium on Position, Location and Navigation Systems (PLANS โ84), San Diego, CA, Nov. 26-29 , pp. 163-168, Inst. of Electrical and Electronics Eng. Abstract: Over the past year the Surveys and Mapping and the Earth Physics Branches of the Federal Department of Energy, Mines and Resources of Canada have jointly pursued an extensive research program in the Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. As part of this program two differential GPS observation campaigns have been carried out in the Ottawa area for the purpose of assessing the GPS performance for various differential operation modes and evaluating different GPS receiver equipment systems such as the Macrometer V-1000 and the TI-4100. A calibration network with baselines ranging in length from 2 km to 220 km has been established by terrestrial techniques and has been used for various intercomparisons. In this paper the initial TI-4100 campaign results are presented both by comparing the performance of TI-4100 against the terrestrial standards in determining 3-D relative positions of the survey stations, and by comparing with the Macrometer V-1000 results for the same baselines. Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ÎαÏά Ïο ÏαÏελθÏν ÎÏÎ¿Ï Ïα ΤμήμαÏα ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ΧαÏÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Surveys and Mapping) και ÎεÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï (Earth Physics Branch), ÏοÏ
Î¥ÏοÏ
ÏγείοÏ
ÎνÎÏγειαÏ, ÎÏÏ
κÏÏν και ΦÏ
ÏικÏν Î ÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Federal Department of Energy, Mines and Resources), ÏÏημαÏοδÏÏηÏαν αÏÏ ÎºÎ¿Î¹Î½Î¿Ï Îνα εκÏενÎÏ ÎÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏγÏαμμα αÏιεÏÏμÎνο ÏÏην ÏεÏνολογία ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î Î±Î³ÎºÎ¿ÏμίοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (GPS). Îνα μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ, ÏεÏιλάμβανε Ïη διεξαγÏγή δÏο ÏειÏÏν διαÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή ÏÎ·Ï Ottawa, με ÏκοÏÏ Î½Î± εκÏιμηθεί η ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν GPS, με διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν και να αξιολογηθοÏν Ïα διάÏοÏα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα δεκÏÏν GPS, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏÏÏοι Macrometer V-1000 και TI-4100. Îε εÏÎ¯Î³ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï Î¹Î´ÏÏθηκε Îνα Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïο δίκÏÏ
ο ελÎγÏοÏ
(calibration network), με βάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν κοÏÏ
ÏÏν, ÏοÏ
κÏ
μαίνονÏαν αÏÏ 2 km ÎÏÏ 20 km και Ïο οÏοίο ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκε για ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ Î±Î»Î»Î·Î»Î¿ÏÏ
γκÏίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏιÏεÏÏθηκαν. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν GPS, με Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν δεκÏÏν ÏÏÏοÏ
TI-4100 και γίνεÏαι αξιολÏγηÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏν, αÏ' ενÏÏ Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïο δίκÏÏ
ο ελÎγÏοÏ
και αÏ' εÏÎÏοÏ
Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏοÏ
ελήÏθηÏαν αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼Îµ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Macrometer V-1000 για ÏÎ¹Ï Î¯Î´Î¹ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏειÏ. ÎναλÏονÏαι ÏÏήÏιμα ÏÏακÏικά ÏÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα για Ïην ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏη ÏÏν μεθÏδÏν ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS για εÏιÏειÏηÏιακοÏÏ ÏκοÏοÏÏ.
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1983 |
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D Delikaraoglou Local Orbit Improvement and Sea Surface Computations from Doppler Tracking and Satellite Altimetry In: 3rd International Symp. On Satellite Doppler Positioning, Las Cruces, New Mexico Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏοÏελεί μια ÏÏ
νοÏÏική ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÏοÏ
διεξάÏθηκε για Ïη διδακÏοÏική διαÏÏιβή ÏÏο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι οι βαÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î·Î¼Î¯-μικÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν (semi-short arc technique) και η εÏαÏμογή ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη βελÏίÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
GEOS-3 και Ïην αναγÏγή ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏη θαλάÏÏια ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. ÎάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη μεÏÏήÏεÏν Doppler αÏÏ Ïον δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏο GEOS-3 καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏÏÎ¯Î¼Î·Î½Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¼ÏÎ¬Î½Î¹Î±Ï ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, με Ïην ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î± Îγινε δÏ
ναÏÏν να ÏÏ
νοÏθÏθοÏν οι διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
Ïίαζαν ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι και 10 m ÏÏην διεÏθÏ
νÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î½Î±Ï ÏÏν ανÏιÏÏοίÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν. ΠδιαδικαÏία αÏ
Ïή εÏÎÏÏεÏε ÏÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια Ïην αναγÏγή ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν και Ïον ανÏίÏÏοιÏο Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï Î±ÏοκλίÏεÏν ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay ÏοÏ
Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ Î±ÏοκλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÏÏÏÏ Ï
ÏολογίÏθηκαν αÏÏ ÎºÎ»Î±ÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï (Ï.Ï. αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏαÏ) διÎÏεÏαν καÏά -0.08 m ± 1.2 m (rms), δηλαδή ÏÏα αÏοδεκÏά εÏίÏεδα ÏÏν εναÏομενÏνÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν και ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎνÏν αÏοκλίÏεÏν ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Ïαιά διαÏÏαÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏαÏ.
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D E Wells, D Delikaraoglou Models for combining single channel NAVSTAR/GPS with Dead-Reckoning for Marine Navigation In: 3rd International Symp. On Satellite Doppler Positioning, Las Cruces, New Mexico Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Îι ÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÎ½Î¹Î¬Ï Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ GPS ÏοÏ
διαθÎÏοÏ
ν Îνα μÏνο κανάλι ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, εÏιβάλλεÏαι να "μεÏαÏηδοÏν" αÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏο Ïε δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏο καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏÏε να είναι δÏ
ναÏή η ÏÏήÏη αÏκεÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏεÏ
δο-αÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏίγμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
εκάÏÏοÏε Ï
ÏÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏημείοÏ
. ΣÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
ο δÎκÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïε κίνηÏη (Ï.Ï. Ïε Ïλοία), αν καÏά Ïο διάÏÏημα ÏοÏ
ÏÏειάζεÏαι ο δÎκÏÎ·Ï Î½Î± κάνει μια ÏειÏά μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏο η αÏÏÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
διανÏεÏαι είναι ÏημανÏική, ÏÏÏε αÏαιÏείÏαι κάÏοια εξÏÏεÏική ÏληÏοÏοÏία (Ï.Ï. Loran-C, δεδομÎνα αÏÏ Î³Ï
ÏοÏÏ
Î¾Î¯Î´ÎµÏ Î® αδÏανειακά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα), ÏÏÏε να είναι δÏ
ναÏÏÏ Î¿ καθοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
κινοÏμενοÏ
δÎκÏη (Ï.Ï. ÏοÏ
ÏλοίοÏ
) ÏÏη ÏÏονική ÏÏιγμή ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÏÏÏθηκαν δÏο μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα για Ïον ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï ÎµÎ¾ÏÏεÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν βαÏιÏμÎνÏν Ïε δεδομÎνα ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î® εÏαγÏÎ³Î®Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï (dead reckoning data) και μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS: (α) κάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏαÏÏÎ¼Î¿Î¹Î±Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν Doppler αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï TRANSIT, και (β) κάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν διαθεÏίμÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏεÏ
δο-αÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï GPS για Ïη διÏÏθÏÏη ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμοζÏμενοÏ
μονÏÎλοÏ
εÏαγÏÎ³Î®Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ. Î ÏÏÎÏη μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν δÏο μεθοδολογιÏν εξεÏάζεÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά και ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα αÏÏ ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
κάθε μονÏÎλοÏ
κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï (Ï.Ï. ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏα μεÏÏήÏεÏν, ομαλή ÏοÏεία ÏοÏ
ÏλοίοÏ
ή κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ ÎµÎ»Î¹Î³Î¼Ïν).
| |
Booklets | |
2010 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2010) ฮฆฯ
ฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮฏฮฑ - ฮฮตฯฯฮทฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮฮฌฯฮตฮนฯ (Lecture Notes in Greek; Physical Geodesy - Theoretical and Technological Principles) ฮฃฮฮคฮ, ฮฮฮ - Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens Abstract: Τα ÏελεÏ
Ïαία ÏÏÏνια, εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÏαγδαίÏν εξελίξεÏν και ÏÏοÏδοÏ
ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏν οÏγάνÏν μÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎνÏαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν ÏÏÏικÏν και διαÏÏονικÏν μεÏαβολÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ με Ïη ÏημεÏινή λειÏοÏ
Ïγία Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÏγÏÏονοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿ÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν οÏοίÏν η αÏοÏÏολή αÏοÏκοÏεί ÏÏον Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î³Î¹Î± γεÏεÏιÏÏημονικοÏÏ ÏκοÏοÏÏ, ÎÏοÏ
ν δÏÏει μια ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÏθηÏη, εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏÏοοÏÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ νÎα ενδιαÏÎÏονÏα ÏÏο εÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏν κλάδο και ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎηÏανικοÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ïον ακολοÏ
θοÏν. Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
ÏήμεÏα, η μελÎÏη ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Îνα αÏÏ Ïα βαÏικά ανÏικείμενα ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÎ®Î¼Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏίαÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï ÎµÏιÏλÎον καλÏÏÏει Îνα εÏ
ÏÏ ÏάÏμα εÏαÏμογÏν ÏÏν γεÏεÏιÏÏημÏν, δεδομÎνοÏ
ÏÏι οι ÏÏοαναÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νδÎονÏαι άμεÏα ÏÏÏο με Ïην κλίμακα αÏÏδοÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏν γνÏÏιÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏον ÏÏιÏδιάÏÏαÏο ÏÏÏο, γήινο και διαÏÏημικÏ, ÏÏο και με Ïη διεÏιÏÏημονική ÏÏοÏÎγγιÏη και αξιοÏοίηÏη ÏλήθοÏ
Ï ÏÏακÏικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
βαÏίζονÏαι ÏÏον βÎλÏιÏÏο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏαÏ, Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν και μονÏÎλÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÏοÏογÏαÏίαÏ, δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν ενÏοÏιÏμοÏ, δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¸Î±Î»Î¬ÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, και μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακÏÏÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±Î¸Î¼Î¯Î´Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î¼Îµ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïον αÎÏα και αÏÏ Ïο διάÏÏημα.
Το μάθημα âÎιÏαγÏγή ÏÏο Îήινο Πεδίο ÎαÏÏÏηÏαÏâ, διδάÏκεÏαι ÏÏο 7ο εξάμηνο ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÏκλοÏ
ÏÏν μαθημάÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÏÎ¿Î»Î®Ï ÎγÏονÏμÏν και ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
(Î.Î.Î .) ÏÏ Ï
ÏοÏÏεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î¼Î¬Î¸Î·Î¼Î± ÏÏη Ïοή Î ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÏÏÎ¹Î±Ï 1Î·Ï ÎμβάθÏ
νÏÎ·Ï (ΤοÏογÏαÏίαÏ) και αÏοÏκοÏεί ÏÏο να ειÏάγει ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÎΤΠÏÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ Î¸ÎµÏÏηÏικÎÏ ÏÏοÏεγγίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÎµÎ¯Ï Î±ÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏ Ïο γεÏειδÎÏ, Ïο ελλειÏοειδÎÏ, Ïα Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα, ο ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, η αÏÏκλιÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
, οι ÏαÏάμεÏÏοι ÏÏν ελλειÏοειδÏν αναÏοÏάÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î±Î¸Î·Î¼Î±ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ.
Το ÏαÏÏν εγÏειÏίδιο ÏÏν ÏημειÏÏεÏν âÎιÏαγÏγή ÏÏο γήινο Ïεδίο βαÏÏÏηÏαÏâ ÎÏει δÏο ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï. Î ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î±ÏοÏά Ïην κάλÏ
Ïη μÎÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν διδακÏικÏν διδακÏικÏν αναγκÏν ÏÏοÏÏÏ
ÏιακÏν και μεÏαÏÏÏ
ÏιακÏν μαθημάÏÏν με ανάλογο γνÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î±Î½Ïικείμενο, ÏοÏ
διδάÏκονÏαι ÏÏο Τμήμα ÎγÏονÏμÏν και ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν ÏοÏ
Î.Î.Î . αλλά και Ïε ÏÏ
ναÏή ΤμήμαÏα άλλÏν ΣÏολÏν και ΠανεÏιÏÏημίÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏÎ±Ï Î¼Î±Ï. ΠδεÏÏεÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να αÏοÏελÎÏει Îνα βαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¹ÏαγÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ Î²Î¿Î®Î¸Î·Î¼Î± για κάθε ενδιαÏεÏÏμενο ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏή, εÏιÏÏήμονα ή εÏεÏ
νηÏή, ÏοÏ
αÏÏολείÏαι με θÎμαÏα ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Ïε θεÏÏηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏαÏμοÏμÎνο εÏίÏεδο.
ΣÏην καÏεÏθÏ
νÏη αÏ
Ïή καÏαβλήθηκε ÏÏοÏÏάθεια ÏÏÏε η δομή ÏÏν ÏημειÏÏεÏν να λάβει Ï
ÏÏÏη Ïη ÏÏγκÏοÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκÏÏÏει μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎ·Ï Î· Ïλη ÏÏν θεμαÏικÏν ενοÏήÏÏν να είναι εÏλογα ÏεÏιεκÏική ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο γνÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏιεÏÏμενο, αλλά να είναι ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονα με αÏκεÏÎÏ Î¸ÎµÏÏηÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏακÏικÎÏ Î»ÎµÏÏομÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏÏε η ÏÏ
νολική ÏαÏοÏ
ÏίαÏη ÏÏν αναγκαίÏν εννοιÏν και οι οÏοιεÏδήÏοÏε αναÏοÏÎÏ Ïε ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ Î½Î± μην είναι εÏιÏανειακÎÏ Î® μÏνο ÏεÏιγÏαÏικÎÏ.
ÎÏ
ÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¿ λÏÎ³Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
η Ïλη ÏÏν ÏημειÏÏεÏν καλÏÏÏει Îνα μάλλον εÏ
ÏÏ ÏάÏμα θεÏÏηÏικÏν και ÏÏακÏικÏν θεμάÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ Î¿ ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏον καθοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏομÎÏÏÏν, Ïα ÏÏγÏÏονα μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ïε ÏÏαιÏικÎÏ Î±ÏμονικÎÏ, Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÎµÏίγεια και δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά δεδομÎνα, ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏοÏÏάθμηÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα γεÏειδοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ GPS κ.ά., ÏιÏÏεÏονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏι είναι ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏ
δαÏÏÎÏ Î½Î± εξοικειÏθοÏν με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏίζοÏ
ν Ïην ÏεÏιγÏαÏή και Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ να είναι Ïε θÎÏη να καÏανοήÏοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ Î· ανάλÏ
Ïη και η εÏμηνεία ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏÏ
νιÏÏÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏαίζοÏ
ν ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏλο για ÏοÏ
Ï ÏκοÏοÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏ
ÏημεÏÏίαÏ, ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏÏεκÏονικήÏ.
Notes:
|
2005 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2005) ฮฮนฮดฮนฮบฮฌ ฮฮญฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฮฮฟฯฯ
ฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮฏฮฑฯ (Lecture Notes in Greek; Special Topics in Satellite Geodesy) ฮฃฮฮคฮ, ฮ.ฮ.ฮ . - Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens Abstract: Το ÏαÏÏν εγÏειÏίδιο ÏημειÏÏεÏν αÏοÏκοÏεί ÏÏο να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξει Îνα Ïμήμα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ»Î·Ï ÏοÏ
μαθήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÏÎ¹Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï âÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎΤΠÎÎΡΥΦÎΡÎÎÎΣ ÎÎΩÎÎÎΣÎÎΣâ ÏοÏ
διδάÏκεÏαι ÏÏο 9ο Îξάμηνο ΣÏοÏ
δÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÏÎ¿Î»Î®Ï ÎγÏονÏμÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
(Î.Î.Î .). Το μάθημα αÏοÏκοÏεί να διδάξει ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
αÏοÏÎλεÏαν και αÏοÏελοÏν αÏÏ Ïα ÏλÎον βαÏικά εÏγαλεία ÏοÏ
ΤοÏογÏάÏοÏ
ÎηÏÎ±Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎµÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ άλλοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ.
Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, οι ÏημειÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏεÏοÏ
ν ÏÏο να ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏγÏÏονα γεÏδαιÏικά εÏγαλεία ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïα δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα και ÏεÏνολογίεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Ïο ΠαγκÏÏμιο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Global Positioning System, GPS), Ïα ÏανÏÎ¬Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν θαλαÏÏÏν (Satellite Altimetry), Ïα δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα λÎÎ¹Î¶ÎµÏ (Satellite Laser Ranging, SLR), η ÏεÏνολογία Doppler Orbitography και Radiopositioning (DORIS), Ïα ΣÏ
μβολÏμεÏÏα ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»Ïν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Very Long Baseline Interferometry, VLBI), και Ïα ÏανÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏ
νθεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î±Î½Î¿Î¯Î³Î¼Î±ÏÎ¿Ï (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR). Îια Ïην ÏληÏÎÏÏεÏη καÏανÏηÏη ÏÏν μαθημαÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν και ÏÏν διεÏγαÏιÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏημειÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιλαμβάνονÏαι και βαÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αναÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏα δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά και γήινα ÎεÏδαιÏικά ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÎναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. ΣημανÏική αναÏοÏά γίνεÏαι ÏÏη ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ¯Î½Î·ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏεÏνηÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ÏÏη ÏÏοÏιά ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα βαÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για Ïην ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÏν διαÏαÏαÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏÎ¹Î¬Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην αÏαλοιÏή ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Ïά Ïην αναγÏγή ÏÏν εκάÏÏοÏε δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. Îια κάθε μια αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι γίνεÏαι εκÏÎµÎ½Î®Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏά ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν και Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν αÏÏ Ïην ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï.
Notes:
|
2003 |
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2003) ฮฮตฯฯฯ
ฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮฮนฮฑฯฮบฮฟฯฮฎฯฮตฮนฯ โ ฮฮฑฯฯ
ฯฮทฮผฮตฯฯฮฏฮฑ (Lecture Notes in Greek; Geophysical Exploration - Gravity Methods) ฮฃฮฮคฮ, ฮ.ฮ.ฮ . - Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens Abstract: Το ÏαÏÏν εγÏειÏίδιο ÏημειÏÏεÏν αÏοÏκοÏεί να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξει Îνα Ïμήμα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ»Î·Ï ÏοÏ
μαθήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÏÎ¹Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï âÎÎΩΦΥΣÎÎÎΣ ÎÎÎΣÎÎÎ ÎΣÎÎΣ - ÎÎΡΥΤÎÎÎΤΡÎÎâ ÏοÏ
διδάÏκεÏαι ÏÏο 8ο Îξάμηνο ΣÏοÏ
δÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÏÎ¿Î»Î®Ï ÎγÏονÏμÏν ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏÏβιοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
(Î.Î.Î .). Το μάθημα «ÎεÏÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎιαÏκοÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï - ÎαÏÏ
ÏημεÏÏία» εÏιÏειÏεί να καλÏÏει Ïο μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½Î¿ αÏÏ Ïο εÏ
ÏÏ Î³Î½ÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î±Î½Ïικείμενο ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎεÏδαιÏίαÏ, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏά ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μεθÏδοÏ
Ï Î¼ÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÏεÏνολογίεÏ, οι οÏοίεÏ
⢠ÏÏ
νειÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏη μελÎÏη ÏÏν ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏάνειαÏ, και εν γÎνει ÏÏν μηÏανικÏν ιδιοÏήÏÏν και ÏÎ·Ï Î´Ï
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏÎ¬Ï (Ï.Ï. κινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏειÏ) ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα, ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνÏν και ÏÏν μεÏαβολÏν (ÏÏο ÏÏÏο και Ïο ÏÏÏνο) ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, και
⢠εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏÏ
νεÏή ÏÏÏοδο ÏÏην εÏμηνεία ÏοικίλÏν (Ï.Ï. γεÏδÏ
ναμικÏν, γεÏÏÏ
ÏικÏν και γεÏÏεÏιβαλλονÏικÏν) ÏαινομÎνÏν και ÏÏν διαÏÏονικÏν μεÏαβολÏν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
ÏλανήÏη Î¼Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸ÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην εÏαÏμογή βελÏιÏμÎνÏν μεθÏδÏν εκμεÏάλλεÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν γήινÏν ÏÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. ανίÏνεÏ
Ïη ενεÏγειακÏν ÏηγÏν) και ÏÏοÏÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεÏιβάλλονÏÎ¿Ï (Ï.Ï. ανίÏνεÏ
Ïη μεÏαβολÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¬Î¸Î¼Î·Ï Ï
ÏογείÏν Ï
δάÏÏν, γεÏÏεÏνικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏεÏ, κ.ά.).
Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, οι ÏημειÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εÏÎ¼Î·Î½ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
αÏοÏελοÏν Ïην ÏλÎον οÏ
ÏιαÏÏική ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏά ÏοÏ
ΤοÏογÏάÏοÏ
ÎηÏÎ±Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ικανοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν αναγκÏν ÏοικίλÏν γεÏÏÏ
ÏικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν εÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ άλλοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï (Ï.Ï. εξεÏεÏνηÏη ÏÏ
ÏικÏν ÏÏÏÏν και ενεÏγειακÏν ÏηγÏν, εδαÏολογικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏεÏ, μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¬Î¸Î¼Î·Ï Ï
ÏογείÏν Ï
δάÏÏν, γεÏÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Îº.ά.). ÎιδικÏÏεÏα ÏÏοÏεÏοÏ
ν ÏÏο να ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα γεÏδαιÏικά âεÏγαλείαâ ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι μαζί με ÏÏοηγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼Î±Î¸Î·Î¼Î±ÏικÎÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ, για να λÏ
θοÏν Ïοικίλα εÏιÏÏημονικά και ÏÏακÏικά γεÏÏÏ
Ïικά ÏÏοβλήμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνη ÏαÏαÏήÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο διάÏÏημα και αÏÏ Ïην ÏοÏογÏαÏική ή Ïη θαλάÏÏια εÏιÏάνεια ÏÏοÏ
εÏιδÏά Ïο Ïεδίο βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ.
Notes:
|
1985 |
D Delikaraoglou (1985) On Error Sources and Mathematical Models for use with GPS Lecture Notes for the Canadian Institute of Surveying GPS Seminars (Calgary, Alberta, 7 May; Edmonton, Alberta, 28 May; Fredericton, N.B., 15 June) Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏοÏελεί μÎÏÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î±ÎºÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÏεμιναÏίÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
δÏθηκαν Ïο 1985, για Ïο ÎÎ±Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÎνÏÏιÏοÏÏο ΤοÏογÏαÏίαÏ, Ïε ÏÏια ÏοÏικά ÏεÏνικά εÏιμεληÏήÏια ΤοÏογÏάÏÏν ÎηÏανικÏν. ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι μια λεÏÏομεÏή αναÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏν μαθημαÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν μεÏÏηÏεÏν ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
GPS για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι αÏÏικά Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏοÏ
ÏαδιοÏήμαÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
εκÏÎμÏοÏ
ν οι δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοι GPS, και αναλÏονÏαι οι διαÏοÏÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
κÏδικα και ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS. ΠεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏονÏαι οι κÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏηγÎÏ ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν, ÏÏν εÏιδÏάÏεÏν ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏο Ïήμα GPS και Ïα ÏÏ
Ïικά μεγÎθη ÏοÏ
Ï, και εÏεξηγείÏαι η μοÏÏή ÏÏν ανÏιÏÏοίÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν, ÏοÏ
ελαÏιÏÏοÏοιοÏν ή εξαλείÏοÏ
ν Ïα εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏάλμαÏα. ΤÎÎ»Î¿Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏÎÏονÏαι οι ÏεÏνικÎÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïην ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏη ÏοÏ
ιδιαίÏεÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Â«Î¿Î»Î¯ÏθηÏηÏ» ÏÏν ακεÏαίÏν κÏκλÏν ÏάÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι Ïε ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
διακÏÏÏεÏαι για λίγο η αδιάλειÏÏη λήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÏακÏιβοÏÏ ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ³ÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï Â«Î±ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν ακεÏαίÏν κÏκλÏν ÏάÏηÏ».
|
Technical reports | |
1989 |
D Delikaraoglou (1989) On Principles, Methods and Recent Advances in Studies Towards a GPS-based Active Control System for Geodesy and Geodynamics NASA Technical Memorandum 100716. Goddard Space Flight Centre, Code 621, Greenbelt, MD: Abstract: In the past decade or so, there has been considerable interest and progress in the development and utilization of space techniques for precise measurements of geodetic baselines, earth orientation, and various geodynamic studies, especially for measuring large-scale distortions within plates and determining the rates of interplate motion.
These methods rely heavily on extra-terrestrial reference sources such as the distant
quasars or other compact extragalactic objects used in Very Long Baseline
Interferometry (VLBI), or the moon used for Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) and the low-earth
satellites such as LAGEOS and STARLETTE used in Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR).
Notably, VLBl and SLR have achieved significant superiority over other conventional
approaches for measuring vector baselines very precisely. As currently applied, VLBl
and SLR have reached a level of maturity that to date can be used to measure routinely baseline vectors with lengths up to intercontinental distances with repeatabilities of 0.01 parts per million or better in both length and orientation.
In both techniques a number of fixed stations are used to determine the variations
of the earthâs angular orientation in space, to measure plate tectonic motions through
monitoring of the locations of the fixed stations with respect to each other, and to
contribute to the maintenance of a reference frame with respect to which the motion of additional points of interest can be determined by means of mobile VLBl and SLR equipment. However, in addition to the high cost of instrumentation and operation, such mobile systems can still be somewhat limited in their ability to occupy sites which are not easily accessible, thus limiting their use for many regional geodetic and geodynamic
applications where more measurements of this type are needed, at more frequent
intervals in time and space. Operational costs are particularly high for SLR due to the systemâs susceptibility to weather. Typically, 5 to 30 days for fixed (and up to 60 days for mobile) site occupations are required if the length of intersite baselines up to
intercontinental distances were to be determined to a precision of 3-5 cm. By contrast, for the most basic IRIS network of fixed VLBl sites (i.e. the POLARIS and Wettzell
observatories) the time typically required to achieve sub-decimeter accuracies in the
determination of baselines of similar lengths corresponds to observation intervals of the
order of 24 hours. Mobile VLBl systems are less sensitive to adverse weather, but
involve considerable operations since the smaller-diameter antennas yield lesssensitive
interferometers than normally achievable with the larger fixed antennas
which, in turn, impose severe limitations in the observing schedules (often restricting
observations to the stronger sources) and tend to distort the experimental geometry and
observing strategies. This decrease in sensitivity can, in principle, be compensated for
by high-gain antennas, low-noise receivers and multi-observing sessions but not
without the expense of all the attendant complexities and increased cost of operations.
Although these technologies are becoming an increasingly important tool for
geodynamic studies, the future role of mobile VLBl and SLR may well be fulfilled by
using alternative techniques such as those utilizing the signals from the Global
Positioning System (GPS) which, already without the full implementation of the system,
offers a favorable combination of cost and accuracy and has consistently demonstrated the
capability to provide high-precision densification control in the regional and local areas
of the VLBl and SLR networks. Although GPS itself is still technically in its testing phase
and is not expected to become fully operational until the early 1990âs with the
placement of 18 operational and 3 active spare satellites in equally-spaced orbits (three
satellites in each of six orbital planes), it has already proved its usefulness in
measuring relative and absolute positions time and again. Numerous studies, tests,
comparisons and actual full-scale projects have shown that currently accuracies of a
few parts in 10**6 over distances up to a few hundred kilometers and observing time
periods ranging from of 3-5 hours to as little as a few minutes are being achieved
routinely with standard receiver equipment. Accuracies of a few parts in 10**7 over
longer distances are becoming increasingly likely with extended modelling of the
dominant error sources, whereas with carefully designed experiments, these errors
may be reduced with special efforts to improve the satellite ephemerides to a few parts
in 10**8. This level of performance requires, in addition to the special orbit refinement
efforts, high-performance GPS receivers and reliable atmospheric calibrations
(especially of the wet troposphere, for instance, by water-vapour radiometers).
The high-performance, low-cost versatility and potential of GPS-based geodetic
systems have sparked an intense interest within several government agencies in the
U.S., Canada, Europe and Australia which have initiated several system studies and
identified promising geodetic applications, including the expected modes of operation.
Performing simultaneous observations at widely separated permanent control sites
together with mobile GPS receivers would conceivably allow centimeter-level
accuracies for baselines up to thousands of kilometers in length. Even back-packable
GPS satellite observing systems would thus afford the ability to measure baselines
between VLBl or SLR fixed sites and arbitrary locations accessible to the GPS systems.
This combination will allow several more points to be tied to the VLBl and SLR networks
with comparable accuracy for detailed regional and local monitoring that is rarely
available today. This premise has led the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to explore the
feasibility of the fiducial concept approach as it is commonly referred to, which, as envisaged, will enable the joint determination of GPS satellite
orbits and geodetic baselines in a manner much more suitable for the kind of
measurements needed for continuous tectonic monitoring of areas of geophysical and
geodynamic interest. Similar plans currently underway in Canada include the implementation of an Active Control System (ACS) based on the
concept of a sparse network of control stations where continuous GPS tracking is carried
out. This GPS network would be combined with a number of widely spaced, fixed VLBl
antennas to ensure consistent scale and orientation of the terrestrial networks positioned
with GPS with respect to the ACS system.
There are several factors that must be considered in the assessment of the
potential applications and the need for a strategy towards the implementation of a fully
operational fiducial or ACS network. There seem to be three main tasks in the way to the
full implementation of such a system: setting up automated GPS stations (e.9. the
Canadian ACS units are designed to be microcomputer-controlled, with suitable
communication interfaces and ability to monitor the station operations and accomplish
other station-keeping functions automatically); financing the whole operation; and
analyzing the data to generate and distribute the satellite orbits and organize an efficient
system and means of transmitting ACS data to the various users. All that can be stated
about the first two is that they are quite considerable. The last one is also on the
formidable side; of the three, this is the only one which this work is concerned with.
The main approach has been based on three main issues, that firstly, to obtain accuracies
at 0.01 ppm or better, existing models and software for the processing of GPS
differential observations should be improved considerably through analysis of existing
and future GPS observations; furthermore, investigations in improving the accuracy of
the orbital information for the GPS satellites should continue through modelling
refinements of the orbital dynamics of this particular type of satellite; and finally,
consideration of the problem of the optimal GPS network design strategies should be
undertaken.
In assembling the material for this report we have reviewed in Section 1 the need
for both VLBl and SLR vis-his GPS and have outlined the capabilities and limitations of
each technique and how their complementary applications can be of benefit to geodetic
and geodynamic operations. To establish the accuracy requirements using GPS for a
relative positioning accuracy at the level of 0.01 ppm or better, the effects of various
biases and errors are briefly examined in Section 2. Ways of minimizing these effects
in general and within the context of this study in particular are also examined. Of these,
the orbit errors have been recognized since the early days of GPS as constituting a
severe problem. Things have improved considerably lately, although these errors still
remain mostly a nuisance that can be mitigated with various sophisticated models, but
still limit the usefulness of the data in many applications. For this reason, the
development of the models pertinent to the problem of orbit estimation for the GPS
satellites receives particular attention in Section 3, where some detailed background and
the models used in this study are presented. In doing so, we have followed the standard
formalism based on celestial mechanics which can give further insight into the way
empirical methods work and perhaps into how to improve them, in the hope that this
rather detailed introduction to the otherwise basic concepts can be of some value to those
who wish to understand the nature of the orbit errors better and how these are shaped
for the particular type of GPS satellite. The basic principles of the coordinate and time
frames inherent in the reduction of GPS data are reviewed in Section 4. Current
activities in establishing GPS-based automated geodetic control systems are reviewed in
Section 5. Strategies for the simultaneous determination of GPS satellite orbits and
geodetic baselines are also examined in Section 5, followed by actual results of data
reductions carried out to test these strategies and the general methodology described in
this report. Finally, a summary of the goals achieved with this study and directions for
future work are given in Section 6.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Îν και οι ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î£Ï
μβολομεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î Î¿Î»Ï ÎεγάλÏν ÎÏοÏÏαÏεÏν (Very Long Baseline Interferometry, VLBI) και δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν λÎÏÎ¶ÎµÏ (Satellite Laser Ranging, SLR) ÏαÏαμÎνοÏ
ν αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏλÎον ÏημανÏικÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± γεÏδÏ
ναμικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, μελλονÏικά ιÏÏÏονÏα ÏÏλο ενδÎÏεÏαι να ÏαίξοÏ
ν εναλλακÏικÎÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î¼Îθοδοι ÏοÏ
βαÏίζονÏαι ÏÏη ÏεÏνολογία ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î Î±Î³ÎºÎ¿ÏμίοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï GPS (Global Positioning System). Îδη Ïο GPS, ακÏμα και ÏÏιν αÏÏ Ïη ÏλήÏη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει Îνα ÏλεονεκÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎÏει εÏιδείξει Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα να ÏαÏÎÏει ενÏοÏιÏμοÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
κνÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν δικÏÏÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν ιδÏÏ
θεί αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ VLBI ή SLR, Ïε μικÏÎÏ Î® Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»ÎµÏ Ïε ÎκÏαÏη ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία κάνει μια αναÏκÏÏηÏη ÏÏν ÏεÏνολογικÏν δÏ
ναÏοÏήÏÏν ÏοÏ
VLBI και SLR, Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με Ïο GPS και δίνει ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÎ½Î¹ÎºÎÏ Î³ÏαμμÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïα ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα και ÏεÏιοÏιÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ ÏεÏνικήÏ. ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιγÏάÏει Ïον ÏÏ
νεÏγιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏο με Ïον οÏοίο ο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να εÏÏÏελήÏει ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÏδÏ
ναμικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ. ÎάνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏήÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Ïη λεγÏμενη ÎαμÏάνια '85 (Spring '85 Experiment), εÏιδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι η ÏÏήÏη εξελιγμÎνÏν ÏÏεÏικÏν μεθÏδÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS διÏÎ»Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν GPS, για ÏÏοÏιακά ÏÏξα ÏολλÏν ημεÏÏν, με ακÏίβεια λιγÏÏεÏο αÏÏ 1 m. ÎÏοδεικνÏεÏαι ÏÏι η ÏÏήÏη ÏÏαθμÏν VLBI και SLR Ïαν Ïημεία αναÏοÏάÏ, μαζί με Ïα βελÏιÏμÎνα μονÏÎλα και διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν, εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν να ελαÏÏθοÏν Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏημαÏικά ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
με Ïη ÏειÏά ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν για να Ï
ÏολογιÏÏοÏν οι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±Î³Î½ÏÏÏÏν ÏημείÏν, με μεγάλη ακÏίβεια. Îενικά, ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν GPS, αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏÏÏηκαν, Îδειξαν εÏαναληÏÏικÏÏηÏα και ακÏίβεια (Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με ανÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ VLBI και SLR) ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï Î±ÏÏ 0.2 μÎÏÏι 0.05 parts per million (ppm), δηλαδή 0.2 mm/km μÎÏÏι 0.05 mm/km, για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï
Ï Î¼ÎÏÏι 2000 km. ÎÏιÏλÎον, η εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία κάνει μια ÏÏνθεÏη ÏÏν ÏÏοβλημάÏÏν, Ï
ÏοθÎÏεÏν, μεθÏδÏν και ÏελεÏ
ÏαίÏν εξελίξεÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ενÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏομαÏοÏοιημÎνοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ, βαÏιÏμÎνοÏ
Ïε ÏÏαθμοÏÏ GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγίαÏ, για γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδÏ
ναμικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, ÏÏοÏ
αναμÎνεÏαι Ïο GPS Ïε λίγα ÏÏÏνια να Ïαίζει Ïο ÏÏλο ÏοÏ
ÏαίζοÏ
ν ÏήμεÏα οι ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏν μεÏακινοÏμενÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν VLBI και SLR.
|
1986 |
S P Mertikas, D Delikaraoglou, R Santerre (1986) Alert Program for NAVSTAR Global Positioning System, TRANSIT, LAGEOS and STARLETTE Satellites Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick Technical Report 85. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη και ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ενÏÏ ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏακÎÏοÏ
, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε για Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏÏÏγνÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏαÏÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν (Ï.Ï. GPS, TRANSIT, LASEOS, STARLETTE, κ.ά.), αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ Î¸ÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην ÏαÏαγÏγή ÏÏεÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν (Ï.Ï. γÏνία ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïον οÏίζονÏα ÏοÏ
ÏαÏαÏηÏηÏή, ÏÏÏνο ÎναÏÎ¾Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎÏαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
οÏαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, κλÏ.). Πεν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¹ÎµÏγαÏία (ή satellite alerts, ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ γνÏÏÏή), είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏη για Ïον ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, αÏÏ Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÎ¬ÏÏοÏε γεÏμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏοÏ, αÏÏ ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ, ÏÏÏε να εÏιλÎγονÏαι οι καÏÎ¬Î»Î»Î·Î»ÎµÏ ÏεÏίοδοι ÏÏ
Î»Î»Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν και καÏά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια να βελÏιÏÏοÏοιείÏαι Ïο κÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι αναμενÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎγονÏαι κάθε ÏοÏά. ΣÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία, ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά η δομή ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS, και ιδιαίÏεÏα η μεθοδολογία αξιολÏγηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν ÏÏίγμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏημείοÏ
, με Ïα ανÏίÏÏοιÏα κÏιÏήÏια ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏζονÏαι. ÎÏιÏλÎον, ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι με λεÏÏομÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ διάÏοÏοι αλγÏÏιθμοι, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι αÏÏ Ïο λογιÏμικÏ, για Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν αναγκαίÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏÏÏγνÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν θÎÏεÏν ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, Ïαν ÏÏ
νάÏÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν ÏÏαθμÏν ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν γεÏμεÏÏικÏν δεικÏÏν, ÏοÏ
εκÏÏάζοÏ
ν Ïην ÏοιÏÏηÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏαθμÏν-δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, για ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏεÏιÏδοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη διεξαγÏγή μεÏÏήÏεÏν. ΣÏο ÏαÏÏν ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏεÏιÎÏονÏαι Î¿Î´Î·Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏλήÏÎ·Ï Î»Î¯ÏÏα ÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏινÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι αÏÏ Ïο λογιÏμικÏ, για Ïην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹ÎµÏγαÏιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Ïε λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏιβάλλον ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν κομÏιοÏÏÎµÏ HP-1000 και IBM-3032.
|
|
D Delikaraoglou (1986) Report on test results with the ISTAC-Model 2002 GPS Positioner Geodetic Survey of Canada Technical Report 6. Energy, Mines and Resources Canada: Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει αναλÏ
Ïικά μια ÏειÏά ÏιλοÏικÏν εÏγαÏιÏν αξιολÏγηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏδοÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν GPS ÏÏÏοÏ
ISTAC-Series GPS Positioner Model 2000 και ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νοδεÏ
μÎνοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαÏκεÏ
άÏÏÏÎ¹Î±Ï ÎµÏαιÏείαÏ. ÎαÏά Ïη διάÏκεια δÏο ημεÏÏν (2-3 ÎÏÏ. 1986), ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï Î´ÎκÏÎµÏ ISTAC Model 2000 ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν Ïε οκÏÏ ÏÏαθμοÏÏ, ÏÏο Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïο δίκÏÏ
ο ελÎγÏοÏ
, ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏην Ottawa, Ontario και μεÏÏήθηκαν διάÏοÏÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏειÏ, με αÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν κοÏÏ
ÏÏν ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ 2 μÎÏÏι 222 km. ÎÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎÏθηκαν, Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκαν οι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν, μεÏά αÏÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
Ïη ÏοÏ
Îγινε με Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
καÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏή ÏÏν δεκÏÏν. Îι Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏ
γκÏίθηκαν με ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν αÏÏ ÏÏοηγοÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS με δÎκÏÎµÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Texas Instruments TI-4100 και Macrometer V-1000, ÏÏÏε να αξιολογηθοÏν ÏÏÏο η ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν δεκÏÏν ISTAC-2000 ÏÏο Ïεδίο, ÏÏο και οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ (Ï.Ï. Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïην ακÏίβεια) ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν. Îενικά, Ïα ÏÎÏÏ Îδειξαν ÏÏι οι δÎκÏÎµÏ ISTAC-2000 ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏημείÏν με ÏÏεÏική ακÏίβεια ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
10-5 (για Ïην ÏÏÏε Ï
ÏιÏÏάμενη καÏάÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏημαÏιÏμοÏ), αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎºÎµÎ¯Î±Ï 1-2 ÏÏÏν και ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν ÏÎ±Î¼Î·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν, ÏοÏ
μεÏαδίδονÏαι αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï (broadcast ephemeris).
| |
1984 |
G Beutler, D Delikaraoglou, R B Langley, B G Nickerson, R Santerre, P Vanicek, D E Wells (1984) Studies in the application of the Global Positioning System to Differential Positioning Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick Technical Report 108. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏοÏελεί ÏÏ
νÎÏεια ÏÏοηγοÏμενοÏ
εÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏγοÏ
, για λογαÏιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, με ÏκοÏÏ Î½Î± μελεÏηθοÏν, μÎÏα αÏÏ Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏομοίÏÏηÏ, Ïα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS και η αÏÏδοÏη εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¹Ïν (Ï.Ï. ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην εÏικÏή ακÏίβεια ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
Ï), για ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδÏ
ναμικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ. Îε Ïην ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία, εÏεκÏείνεÏαι η ÏÏοηγοÏμενη ÎÏεÏ
να, ÏÏÏε να μελεÏηθοÏν οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï VECA (VECtor Adjustment), ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε και ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκε για μια ÏειÏά εκÏεÏαμÎνÏν αναλÏÏεÏν ÏÏοÏομοίÏÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
εÏÏίαζαν Ïε θÎμαÏα ÏÏÏÏ:
(1) Î ÏÏο ανακÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να είναι οι a-priori ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν ενÏÏ Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
GPS, ÏÏÏε να εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι ÏÏγκλιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÏÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïη ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏη ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν.
(2) Î ÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏεί να καθοÏιÏθεί η καλÏÏεÏη (βÎλÏιÏÏη) γεÏμεÏÏία εÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν και δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS, ÏÏÏε να εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνονÏαι Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ αξιÏÏιÏÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα GPS.
(3) Îίναι ÏÏακÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î½Î± ÏÏ
νδÏ
άζει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικοÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν GPS (Ï.Ï., μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÏν ÏεÏ
δοαÏÏÏÏαÏηÏ, ÏάÏηÏ, Doppler, κ.ά.), και
(4) ΠοιÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ οι εÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏκεμμÎÎ½Î·Ï Ï
ÏοβάθμιÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏοÏ
GPS (για ÏοÏ
Ï ÏολιÏικοÏÏ ÏÏήÏÏεÏ), ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ.
ÎÏιÏλÎον, η ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏειÏÎ¬Ï Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏεÏν με ÏÏαγμαÏικά δεδομÎνα GPS, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎÏθηκαν με δÎκÏÎµÏ Î¼Î¿Î½Î®Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
Macrometer V-1000. Îι εν λÏÎ³Ï Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏειÏ, εÏâ ενÏÏ ÎºÎ±ÏÎληξαν ÏÏη δημιοÏ
Ïγία νÎοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ, ÏοÏ
οÏοίοÏ
Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα αÏÏ Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαÏκεÏ
άÏÏÏÎ¹Î±Ï ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν και αÏÏ ÎµÏÎ¯Î³ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï, Îδειξαν διαÏοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏÏν μεÏικÏν ÏιλιοÏÏÏν, για δÏο γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î²Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï 30 m και 2 km. ÎÏιÏλÎον για ÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏά μελεÏήθηκαν και δοκιμάÏÏηκαν διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î±Î½ÏιμεÏÏÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÏακÏιβοÏÏ ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν ακεÏαίÏν κÏκλÏν ÏάÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
είναι ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏάÏÎ·Ï GPS.
|
|
D Delikaraoglou (1984) VECA-1: A VECtor Adjustment program for Differential GPS observations - A Reference Guide Geodetic Survey of Canada Technical Report 2. Energy, Mines and Resources Canada: Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει αναλÏ
Ïικά Ïα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏακÎÏο VECA (VECtor Adjustment), ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε για Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη μεÏÏήÏεÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS, για Ïο ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏημείÏν. Îι γεÏδαιÏικοί ÏαÏάμεÏÏοι, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι, ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβάνοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏαθμÏν, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏονομÎÏÏÏν ÏÏν δεκÏÏν GPS, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν. Πμεθοδολογία ÏοÏ
βαÏίζεÏαι Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏηÏίζεÏαι ÏÏη γεÏμεÏÏία ÏÏν διαÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS αÏÏ Ïη διανÏ
ÏμαÏική ÏκοÏιά ÏοÏ
εκάÏÏοÏε ÏÏοβλήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ. Τα μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκαν, εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
Îγιναν ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονα αÏÏ ÏολλαÏλοÏÏ ÏÏαθμοÏÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏιÎÏ ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS (εÏâ ÏÏον Ïο εÏιÏÏÎÏει η γεÏμεÏÏία ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν, η διάÏκεια ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, κλÏ.). Πδομή ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏακÎÏοÏ
βαÏίζεÏαι ÏÏη Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν μαθημαÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκαν αÏÏικά ÏÏο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎ¯Î½ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î½Ï
ÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÏιθμηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï (vector compilation) Ïε Î/Î¥, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î±Ï
ξάνοÏ
ν Ïη ÏαÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν ακÏμα και για μεγάλο Ïγκο μεÏÏήÏεÏν ή αÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Ï ÏÏαθμÏν ÏÏν οÏοίÏν αναλÏονÏαι ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονα οι μεÏÏήÏειÏ.
| |
1983 |
D E Wells, D Delikaraoglou (1983) Development of BIONAV/GPS combined mathematical models Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS Contract Report Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏÏολείÏαι με Ïο ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î£ÏÏÏημα ΠλοήγηÏηÏ, ΧÏονομÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging System, NAVSTAR) ή ΠαγκÏÏμιο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Global Positioning System, GPS), ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ εÏ
ÏÏÏεÏα γνÏÏÏÏ, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Ïο Î¥Ï. ÎμÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÏÏν ÎνÏμÎνÏν ΠολιÏειÏν, και ÏÏογÏαμμαÏίζεÏαι να λειÏοÏ
ÏγήÏει ÏλήÏÏÏ ÏÏο ÏÎÎ»Î¿Ï Î±Ï
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´ÎµÎºÎ±ÎµÏίαÏ. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι οι ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS, με Ïη διάθεÏη ÏεÏÏάÏÏν μÏνο δοκιμαÏÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, ÏοÏ
βÏίÏκονÏαι Ïε ÏÏοÏιά και ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν ήδη ÏÏήÏιμα ÏÏοιÏεία, ÏÏÏε Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα GPS να μÏοÏεί ήδη να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί για Ïην ÏλοήγηÏη ÏÏην ναÏ
ÏιÏλοÎα. Îία ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη ενδιαÏÎÏοÏ
Ïα εÏαÏμογή ÏοÏ
GPS αÏοÏά Ïον ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν θÎÏεÏν, Ïε Ï
δÏογÏαÏικÎÏ Î±ÏοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏον κÏλÏο ÏοÏ
Baffin, ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (ÏÏοÏ
δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏολλÎÏ ÎµÎ½Î±Î»Î»Î±ÎºÏικÎÏ Î»ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏαδιοενÏοÏιÏμοÏ). Î ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ να βελÏιÏÏοÏοιήÏει Ïην αÏÏδοÏη ÏοÏ
GPS ÏÏην ÏÏοαναÏεÏθείÏα εÏαÏμογή, ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ενÏÏ ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick, ÏοÏ
ÎνÏÏιÏοÏÏοÏ
ΩκεανογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Bedford και ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαιÏÎ¯Î±Ï Nortech Surveys. Îια Ïο ÏκοÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ, ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι οι ακÏλοÏ
Î¸ÎµÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ, ÏοÏ
Îγιναν αÏÏ Ïο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick για Ïη μελÎÏη αÏ
Ïή, ÏÏο διάÏÏημα μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÎαÎοÏ
1982 και ÎαÏÏίοÏ
1983:
(1) ÎιαÏÏÏÏÏη και ÎλεγÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏακάÏÏ ÎµÎ½Î±Î»Î»Î±ÎºÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν για Ïο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Ïο καθιεÏÏμÎνο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα ÏλοήγηÏÎ·Ï BIONAV ÏοÏ
ÎνÏÏιÏοÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
Bedford και ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS:
(a) ÎνεξάÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î¼Î· δεÏμεÏ
μÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
Doppler TRANSIT
(b) ÎνημÎÏÏÏη Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏίγμαÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ δεÏμεÏÏειÏ
(c) ΦίλÏÏα Kalman
(d) ΥβÏιδικοί ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμοί ÏÏν ανÏÏÎÏÏ
(2) ΣÏ
λλογή και ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν αÏÏ Î´Î¿ÎºÎ¹Î¼Î±ÏÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏη θάλαÏÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï BIONAV/GPS, εÏÏιάζονÏÎ±Ï Ïε:
(a) ÎÎα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν καÏά Ïη ÏÏαγμαÏική λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï BIONAV/GPS
(b) ÎκÏίβεια ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ
(c) ÎÏίδÏαÏη ÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏκάÏοÏ
Ï
(d) ÎελÏίÏÏη ÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι
(3) Î¥ÏολογιÏμοί ÏÏÏβλεÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν.
ΠμελÎÏη αÏ
Ïή ανÏιÏÏοÏÏÏεÏει Ïην εÏιÏÏ
Ïή μεÏαÏοÏά ÏεÏνογνÏÏίαÏ, δηλαδή ÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκαν ÏÏο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick ÏÏην εÏαιÏία Nortech.
|
1982 |
D A Davidson, D Delikaraoglou, R B Langley, B G Nickerson, P Vanicek, D E Wells (1982) Global Positioning System Differential Positioning simulations Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B. Technical Report 90. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα μελÎÏη αξιολογοÏνÏαι και ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι διάÏοÏα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα, για Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î£Ï
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î Î»Î¿Î®Î³Î·ÏηÏ, ΧÏονομÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎÏοÏÏάÏεÏν (Navigation Satellite Timing and Rabnging System, NAVSTAR), εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î³Î½ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïαν ΠαγκÏÏμιοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Global Positioning System, GPS), με ÏεÏνικÎÏ ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ. ΣÏο ÏαÏάÏÏημα Î, ÏεÏιÎÏεÏαι μια εκÏεÏαμÎνη (για Ïην εÏοÏή ÏÏ
γγÏαÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÎÏ
ÏοÏ
Ï) βιβλιογÏαÏία, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏά Ïο GPS. ΠμÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î® ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏοÏÏοθÎÏει ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ίδιÏν ÏημάÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS, αÏÏ Î´Ïο ή ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎκÏεÏ. ΣÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία θεÏÏοÏνÏαι οι διαÏοÏικÎÏ ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î¼Îµ GPS, ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν να εÏαÏμοÏÏοÏν Ïε γεÏδαιÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδÏ
ναμικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δίνεÏαι ÎμÏαÏη Ïε ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα ÏÎÏοιÏν εÏαÏμογÏν ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν ενδιαÏεÏÏνÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. ΠεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±Ïικοί ÏÏÏοι διαÏοÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏείνονÏαι και οι οÏοίοι εξεÏάζονÏαι ÏÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα μελÎÏη: ÏÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏονικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¸Ï
ÏÏεÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï (interferometric time delays) ÏÏν ÏημάÏÏν GPS, διαÏοÏικÎÏ ÏεÏ
δο-αÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï (differential pseudoranges), διαÏοÏικÎÏ ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏμαÏÎ¿Ï (differential carrier phases) και διαÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï integrated Doppler. Î ÏαÏοÏÏα ÎÏεÏ
να ÏεÏιλαμβάνει δÏο βαÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
νιÏÏÏÏεÏ: (1) Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη μαθημαÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν, για Ïην αναλÏ
Ïική ÏεÏιγÏαÏή κάθε ενÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï Î±Ï
ÏοÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏικÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν GPS και Ïα ÏÏάλμαÏα, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏÏÎοÏ
ν αÏÏ Ïα μονÏÎλα αÏ
Ïά, και (2) Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη λογιÏμικÏν για Ïην εÏαÏμογή ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλÏν καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ για Ïην ÏÏοÏομοίÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏδοÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏεÏνικÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS. ÎÏιÏλÎον, ÏÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία Îγινε η ÏÏÏÏη ÏÏοÏÏάθεια να καθοÏιÏθοÏν, βάÏει ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏε διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼Î·Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏίαÏ, οι ÏιθανÎÏ ÎµÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏε ÏÏοÏεινÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï (αÏÏ Ïο Î¥Ï. ÎμÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÏÏν ÎÎ Î) εÏκεμμÎÎ½Î·Ï Ï
ÏοβάθμιÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏδοÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην αÏÏδοÏη ÏÏν μεθÏδÏν διαÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GPS.
|
1981 |
D E Wells, P Vanicek, D Delikaraoglou (1981) Pilot Study of the Application of NAVSTAR/GPS to Geodesy in Canada Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B. Technical Report 76. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία εξεÏάζει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏεδιαζÏμενοÏ
εκείνη Ïην εÏοÏή ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS ÏÏα γεÏδαιÏικά δÏÏμενα ÏÏον Îαναδά. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι οι βαÏικÎÏ Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
GPS και Ïα ανÏίÏÏοιÏα μονÏÎλα ανÏιμεÏÏÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏεÏ
δαÏÏÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¾ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¿Î³ÎµÎ½Ïν και εξÏÏεÏικÏν ÏαÏαγÏνÏÏν, ÏÏÏÏ Î· ÏÏαθεÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏν ÏÏονομÎÏÏÏν και οι εÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏÏÏÏαιÏαÏ. Îε Ïη βοήθεια ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏεÏν μελεÏήθηκαν οι ÏÏοβλεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
θα ÏαÏείÏαν ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά οι διαÏοÏεÏικÎÏ ÎµÎºÎ´Î¿ÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏÏαν Ïον ÏÏÏε ÏειÏαμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏημαÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï 2Î·Ï ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÏειÏαμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS (Phase II GPS Constellation), κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικοÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎµÎºÏÏν. Îια ÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏά εκÏÏάζεÏαι η κενÏÏική ιδÎα εÏÎκÏαÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
διενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (Translocation), ÏοÏ
ήÏαν γνÏÏÏή αÏÏ Ïην ÏεÏνολογία ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Doppler Transit, ÏÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
GPS και εξεÏάζονÏαι οι διαÏοÏεÏικοί ÏÏÏοι ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, Ïε εÏίÏεδο λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν δεκÏÏν, ÏοÏ
θα ÏαÏείÏαν αÏ
Ïή Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα καθÏÏ ÎµÏίÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¾ÎµÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Ïα εÏιθÏ
μηÏά ÏεÏνικά ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏÏν δεκÏÏν GPS ÎÏÏεÏε να ληÏθοÏν Ï
ÏÏÏη καÏά Ïην αγοÏά ÏÏν ÏÏÏÏÏν εξοÏλιÏμÏν. ΠεÏγαÏία καÏαλήγει Ïε ÏειÏά ÏÏοÏάÏεÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïη ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, αναÏοÏικά με Ïα αÏαÏαίÏηÏα βήμαÏα Î¿Î¼Î±Î»Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏεκÏικά ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÏάβαÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα Doppler TRANSIT ÏÏο GPS, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να διαÏÏαλιÏθεί η εÏιÏÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÎµÏιÏειÏηÏιακή ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GPS για ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά.
|
1980 |
D E Wells, D Delikaraoglou (1980) NAVSTAR Performance Analysis Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B. Technical Reports 75. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει Ïα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα και Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏεÏν ÏοÏ
εκÏελÎÏÏηκαν ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να μελεÏηθεί η αÏÏδοÏη ÏοÏ
εÏεÏÏÏμενοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï GPS (αÏÏ Ïην άÏοÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, κάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν), με ÎμÏαÏη καÏά Ïη διάÏκεια ÏÎ·Ï ÏειÏαμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏάÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏημαÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (αÏÏ Ïο 1980 μÎÏÏι 1987), και κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÎºÎµÎ¬Î½Î¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Îαναδά. ÎξεÏάÏÏηκαν ÏÎÏÏεÏα μονÏÎλα ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GPS κάÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏεÏικά ÏενάÏια ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
GPS αÏ
ÏÏνομα ή Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï LORAN-C αÏÏ ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοÏ
Ï ÏαÏάκÏιοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ. ÎÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαδείÏθηκαν οι δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
GPS, ακÏμα και με ÏοÏ
Ï ÏεÏιοÏιÏμοÏÏ ÏÏν αÏÏικά Îξι διαθÎÏιμÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, για Ïη διεξαγÏγή μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÎναÏÎ¿Î»Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Îαναδά μÎÏÏι και 11 ÏÏÎµÏ Î·Î¼ÎµÏηÏίÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην εÏίÏεÏ
ξη εÏιθÏ
μηÏÏν ακÏιβειÏν ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏα εÏίÏεδα ÏÏν 100-150 m, ÏοÏ
ικανοÏοιοÏÏαν ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏειÏηÏιακÎÏ Î±ÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏοÏήÏ. ÎνÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î»Î±Î¼Î²Î¬Î½Î¿Î½ÏÎ±Ï Ï
ÏÏÏη ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοδιαγÏαÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÎµÎ»Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏημαÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï 24 δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS Îδειξαν ανÏίÏÏοιÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏο εÏίÏεδο ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏÏν 5 m, δηλαδή μια βελÏίÏÏη καÏά δÏο ÏÎ¬Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³ÎθοÏ
Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î±Î¼ÎµÎ½ÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏίβειεÏ.
|
PhD theses | |
1980 |
D Delikaraoglou (1980) An Investigation on the Short Wavelength Orbit Improvement and Sea Surface Computations from Local Satellite Tracking and Satellite Altimetry Department of Surveying Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B., published and as Tech. Report No. 74 (Sea Surface Computations from Local Satellite Tracking and Satellite Altimetry) Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία είναι αÏοÏÎλεÏμα ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î´Î±ÎºÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÎ¹Î²Î®Ï ÏÏο ΠανεÏιÏÏήμιο ÏοÏ
New Brunswick, Îαναδά. Î ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏ
λλογή γεÏδαιÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν Ïε θαλάÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÎµÏάζεÏαι μÎÏα αÏÏ Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη (i) δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν ακÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ (ii) μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏο GEOS-3, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
λλÎÏθηκαν ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
ÎÎ±Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î ÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï GEOS-3 ÏοÏ
εκÏελÎÏÏηκε ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay. ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Doppler ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏο GEOS-3 αÏÏ ÏÎÏÏεÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay αναλÏονÏαι για να θεμελιÏθεί ο βαθμÏÏ ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
, ÏÏÏε να αναλÏ
θοÏν ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ.
Îι κÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ a-priori αÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏηÏ, ÏÏεÏικά με Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏÎ±Ï Î®Ïαν:
ï± Îα γίνει ÏÏήÏη δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν ακÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏÏοÏιακά ÏÏξα μεγάλοÏ
μήκοÏ
Ï.
ï± Îα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν οι διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Doppler για να ελαÏιÏÏοÏοιηθοÏν Ïα ÏÏοÏιακά ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
GEOS-3 δια μÎÏοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏν ημί-μικÏοÏ
μήκοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν (semi short-arc technique) και ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï (translocation) δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν.
ï± Îα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν οι εν λÏÎ³Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην αναγÏγή και ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ.
ï± Îα ÏÏ
γκÏιθοÏν Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ διάÏοÏα μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ, ÏÏÏε να θεμελιÏθεί ο βαθμÏÏ ÏÏηÏιμÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ.
Πμεθοδολογία ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏική αλÏιμεÏÏία εξεÏάζεÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά. ÎξεÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Ïα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα και οι διάÏοÏÎµÏ ÏηγÎÏ ÏÏαλμάÏÏν, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏειÏÎÏÏονÏαι ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι για να οÏιÏθεί η εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ, και διαμοÏÏÏνονÏαι ανάλογα μαθημαÏικά μονÏÎλα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν διαθεÏίμÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν.
Îι βαÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏν ημί-μικÏοÏ
μήκοÏ
Ï ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν και ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏον Îαναδά για ÏÎ¿Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ενÏοÏιÏμÏν, ÏÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι με Ïο ÏαÏÏν ÏÏÏβλημα ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν, ÏοÏ
είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν αλÏιμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏη ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay. ÎÏÏ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏν αναλÏÏεÏν ÏοÏ
Îγιναν και Ïη ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν εÏημεÏίδÏν αÏÏ Ïη ΣÏÏαÏιÏÏική ΧαÏÏογÏαÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏÏν Î.Î .Î. (Defense Mapping Agency, DMA), με ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯Î½ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκαν με Ïην ÏαÏοÏÏα μεθοδολογία, ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïε ÏÏι ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
GEOS-3, μÎÏÏι και ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏÏν 10 m, Îγινε εÏικÏÏ Î½Î± ενÏοÏιÏθοÏν και να διοÏθÏθοÏν.
Îια για να αÏαλειÏθοÏν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïα ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν μεγάλοÏ
μήκοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¾ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î·Ï, εξεÏάζονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Ïα ελαÏιÏÏοÏεÏÏαγÏνικά μονÏÎλα για Ïα λεγÏμενα "διαÏÏαÏ
ÏÏμÎνα αλÏιμεÏÏικά ÏÏξα" (intersecting altimetry arcs), ÏοÏ
ÏÏημαÏίζονÏαι αÏÏ Ïο ίÏÎ½Î¿Ï (ÏÏοβολή) ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ÏÏην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ.Τα Ï
ÏολειÏÏμενα ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïή Ïη διαδικαÏία, μÏοÏοÏν να μονÏελοÏοιηθοÏν αÏλά με μια ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏακίνηÏη και κλίÏη ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιακÏν ÏÏξÏν. ÎÏÏ Ïην ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏλÏν ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GEOS-3 αÏÏ Ïην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïε ÏÏι η εÏÏÏεÏική ακÏίβεια, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκε η εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏÎ±Ï ÏÏην ÏÏοκειμÎνη ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη, ήÏαν μικÏÏÏεÏη αÏÏ Îνα μÎÏÏο, ÎµÎ½Ï Ïο μÎÏο ÏεÏÏαγÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏάλμα ÏÏο ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Ï
ÏολογίζεÏαι αÏÏ Î´Ïο διαÏÏαÏ
ÏÏμÎνα ÏÏξα, ήÏαν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
±1.1 m.
ΣÏγκÏιÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏαÏ, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκε για Ïην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay αÏÏ Ïα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
GEOS-3, και ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½ÏίÏÏοιÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏάνειαÏ, ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏολογίÏÏηκε ανεξάÏÏηÏα αÏÏ Ïην Î¥ÏηÏεÏία DMA, Îδειξε ÏÏι οι διαÏοÏÎÏ Î®Ïαν ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
±0.98 m, ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ, είÏε Ïε ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏην αλÏιμεÏÏία, ÏοÏ
δεν ελήÏθη Ï
ÏÏÏη, είÏε ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎÏ ÏÏα μονÏÎλα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν, ÏÏην εκάÏÏοÏε μεθοδολογία. ΠεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î±ÏÏÎ±Ï Î¼Îµ δÏο μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ, για Ïην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏιοÏή, Îδειξε διαÏοÏÎÏ Î¼Îµ μÎÏο ÏεÏÏαγÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏάλμα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
±1,2 m, ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïε ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏÏν δÏο μονÏÎλÏν ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ κάÏοια ÏÏάλμαÏα, ÏοÏ
Ïιθανά να Ï
ÏειÏÎÏÏονÏαι αÏÏ Ïη διαδικαÏία ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν αÏÏ Ïα δεδομÎνα Doppler.
ÎάÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏÏν αναλÏÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏίαÏ, εκÏιμήθηκε ÏÏι η εÏιÏÏημονική ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏά, ÏοÏ
εÏιÏεÏÏθηκε ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï Î±ÏοÏοÏÏε κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¾Î®Ï ÏομείÏ:
1. ÎÏοδείÏÏηκε ÏÏακÏικά η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι για Ïην αναγÏγή και ανάλÏ
Ïη δεδομÎνÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ. ÎÏ' ÏÏον αÏÏ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï Î±ÏοδείÏθηκε, ÏÏι η ÏÏήÏη δεδομÎνÏν Doppler αÏÏ ÏοÏικοÏÏ ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏεί να βελÏιÏÏει ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏμα και Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î®Ïαν οι διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, ÏÏÏε μÏοÏεί να εÏιÏÏÏει Ïο ίδιο και για ÏÏοÏιÎÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Î¼Î¹ÎºÏÏÏεÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ.
2. ÎξεÏάÏÏηκαν λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ διάÏοÏοι ÏÏÏοι ÏληÏοÏοÏίαÏ, ÏοÏ
είναι αÏαÏαίÏηÏο να λαμβάνονÏαι Ï
ÏÏÏη για Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î»ÏιμεÏÏίαÏ. Îν και Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα, ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏÏηκαν, αÏοÏοÏÏαν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïη δεδομÎνη εÏαÏμογή ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay, οι Ï
ÏοθÎÏειÏ, αÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏεÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ενδεικÏικά ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏοÏελεÏμαÏικÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ακολοÏ
θήθηκε και ÏÏ ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏιμα για να οδηγήÏοÏ
ν Ïε ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ ÎÏεÏ
Î½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
ζηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏαÏÏÎ¼Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ.
3. Î ÎÏεÏ
να οδήγηÏε ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ενÏÏ ÏλήÏοÏ
Ï ÏακÎÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ, ÏÏεδιαÏμÎνοÏ
για Ïο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν και δεδομÎνÏν ÏαÏομοίÏν με εκείνεÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν ÏÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα ÎÏεÏ
να. Το ÏακÎÏο αÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ διαθÎÏιμο αÏÏ Ïη ΣÏολή ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ΠανεÏιÏÏημίοÏ
ÏοÏ
New Brunswick.
|
Masters theses | |
1976 |
D Delikaraoglou (1976) An Analysis on the Role of Covariance Functions in Least Squares Collocation Department of Surveying Engineering, Oxford University, U.K. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏα θεÏÏηÏικά και ÏÏακÏικά θÎμαÏα ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïο Ïεδίο βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ÎιδικÏÏεÏα, εξεÏάζεÏαι ο ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏη μÎθοδο Least Squares Collocation (LSC), ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
Ïική γεÏδαιÏία, για Ïο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÏÏν ÏÏÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏοÏ
ν Ïο δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï (Ï.Ï. ανÏÎ¼Î±Î»Î¯ÎµÏ Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏαÏ, Ï
ÏÏμεÏÏα ÏοÏ
γεÏειδοÏÏ, αÏοκλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
, ανÏÎ¼Î±Î»Î¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
δÏ
ναμικοÏ, κλÏ.). ÎεδομÎνοÏ
ÏÏι οι εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏαÏάμεÏÏοι ÏοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏεÏίζονÏαι με γÏαμμικÎÏ (ή γÏαμμοÏοιημÎνεÏ) μαθημαÏικÎÏ ÏÏÎÏειÏ, αν η ÏÏ
νάÏÏηÏη ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î³Î¹Î± μία ÏαÏάμεÏÏο είναι καθοÏιÏμÎνη, μÏοÏοÏν να Ï
ÏολογιÏθοÏν και οι ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï. Σε αÏ
ÏÏ Î¿Ï
ÏιαÏÏικά βαÏίζεÏαι και η εÏαÏμογή ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
LSC. Îν και οι μεÏαβολÎÏ (ÏαÏεκλίÏειÏ) ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι θεÏÏηÏικά αÏÏ Î¿ÏοιαδήÏοÏε αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÏην ÏÏάξη διάÏοÏÎµÏ Î´Ï
ÏÎºÎ¿Î»Î¯ÎµÏ Î® ειδικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÎµÏιβάλλοÏ
ν Ïην εÏιλογή ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν ανÏμαλιÏν βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï (covariance function of the gravity anomalies) ή ÏÏν διαÏαÏαÏÏν ÏοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï (covariance functions of the anomaloys potential), Ïαν ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏαÏ, για Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ Ïη μÎθοδο LSC. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏει αναλÏ
Ïικά Ïα θεÏÏηÏικά και ÏÏακÏικά βήμαÏα Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Ïο βαÏικÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ θεμελιÏνει Ïο ενιαίο ÏλαίÏιο αναλÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïον ÏÏÏÏο ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏÏοβλημάÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν γεÏμεÏÏικÏν και ÏÏ
ÏικÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
βαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±Î½Î¿Î¼Î¿Î¹Î¿Î³ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÎºÎ±ÏανεμημÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï (Ï.Ï. ανÏÎ¼Î±Î»Î¯ÎµÏ Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏαÏ, δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικά δεδομÎνα για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαÏηÏοÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏοÏιακÎÏ ÏαÏεκλίÏειÏ, ÏοÏογÏαÏικÎÏ-ιÏοÏÏαÏικÎÏ Î±ÏοκλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏακοÏÏÏοÏ
, κ.ά.). Îια Ïη ÏαÏÎÏÏεÏη καÏανÏηÏη ÏÏν ÏλεονεκÏημάÏÏν ή μειονεκÏημάÏÏν κάθε Î¼Î¹Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏαÏ, γίνεÏαι εκÏÎµÎ½Î®Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏά ÏÏην μαθημαÏική ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏεÏν, αÏÏ ÏÏοÏ
διαÏαίνονÏαι Ïα ÏÏεÏικά ÏÏακÏικά ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
νάÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν διαÏαÏαÏÏν ÏοÏ
δÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ΠεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏικά ÏÏοβλήμαÏα, ÏοÏ
ενδÎÏεÏαι να ÏÏοκÏÏοÏ
ν, ÏÏιν ακÏμα ÏεÏάÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏο ÏÏάδιο εÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
LSC και ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνÏν ÏÏ
ναÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏ
μμεÏαβληÏÏÏηÏαÏ.
|
1974 |
ฮ ฮฃ ฮฮฑฮถฮฎฯ, ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(1974) Eฯฮฏฮปฯ
ฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ
ฮณฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮดฮนฮบฯฯฮฟฯ
Bฮฟฯฮตฮฏฮฟฯ
Eฯ
ฮฒฮฟฮฏฮฑฯ-ฮฃฯฮตฯฮตฮฌฯ Eฮปฮปฮฌฮดฮฑฯ (ฮฮนฮฑฯฮปฮฟฯ
ฮฉฯฮตฯฮฝ), Diploma Thesis in Greek (Adjustment of the geodetic network between Evoia and Sterea Hellas, Oraioi Crossing) ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ. Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το ανÏικείμενο ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹ÏλÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏοÏοÏÏε Ïη ÎεÏÏία ΣÏαλμάÏÏν και Ïη ÎÎθοδο ÎλαÏίÏÏÏν ΤεÏÏαγÏνÏν (Î.Î.Τ.), με ειδική ÎμÏαÏη ÏÏη μελÎÏη ÏÏν μεθÏδÏν εÏίλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν και Ïην εÏαÏμογή ÏÎ·Ï ÏλÎον ενδεδειγμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
, για Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎιαÏλοÏ
ΩÏεÏν, ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν εÏγαÏιÏν εÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏγαÏÏηÏίοÏ
ΤοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Î.Î.Î . Την εÏγαÏία αÏοÏελοÏν ÏÎÏÏεÏα ÏμήμαÏα (ειδικÎÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏηÏεÏ) για Ïην καÏανÏηÏη και Ïην ÏληÏÎÏÏεÏη μελÎÏη ÏÏν εÏί μÎÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏγαÏιÏν:
1. ÎιÏαγÏγή ÏÏο ανÏικείμενο
2. ΣÏνÏομη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î»Ï
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏοιÏείÏν, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏονÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏειÏ, ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î±Î³ÎºÎ±Î¹ÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν και εÏαÏμογή ÏÎ·Ï Î.Î.Τ. ÏÏην εÏίλÏ
Ïη γεÏδαιÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν. ÎιαÏÏÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÏν θεÏÏηÏικÏν μεθÏδÏν εÏίλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏν και ÏÏνÏομη ανάλÏ
Ïη κάθε μεθÏδοÏ
, ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
εÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎιαÏλοÏ
ΩÏεÏν και αιÏιολÏγηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÎ¬ÏÏοÏε εÏιλογήÏ.
3. ÎÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎιαÏλοÏ
ΩÏεÏν. ÎιαδικαÏία αναγÏÎ³Î®Ï ÏÏν μεÏÏηθÎνÏÏν μηκÏν και γÏνιÏν ÏÏο ελλειÏοειδÎÏ, εξαγÏγή αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν και ανάλÏ
Ïη αÏ
ÏÏν. ΣÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα και ÏÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏνολο ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏγαÏίαÏ.
4. ÎναÏοÏά ÏÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε για Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
. ΣÏνÏομη ανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÎ·Ï ÏειÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν και ÏÏοιÏεία για Ïην οÏγάνÏÏη, Ïον ÎλεγÏο, Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸ÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ για Ïην εÏμηνεία ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν.
ΠανάλÏ
Ïη ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÏίθηκε αÏαÏαίÏηÏη, ÏÏÏε να είναι δÏ
ναÏή ÏÏο μÎλλον η εÏανάληÏη ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν με ÏÏοιÏεία αÏÏ Î½ÎÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î® ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί γενικά για Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη γεÏδαιÏικÏν δικÏÏÏν, με Ïη μÎθοδο μεÏÎ±Î²Î¿Î»Î®Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν.
|
Technical Specifications Guides | |
1999 |
D Delikaraoglou (1999) KT Information System (KTIS) Security - Standards and Guidelines ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮณฯฮตฮนฯฮฏฮดฮนฮฟ, v. 1.0, ฮฮคฮฮฮฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮ.ฮ. [Technical Specifications Guides] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το ΣÏÏÏημα ΠληÏοÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î. (ÏÏ ÏοÏÎα εκÏÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
) ÏÏοβλÎÏεÏαι Ïαν Îνα εκÏεÏαμÎνο ÏÏÏÏημα δεδομÎνÏν και ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Îνα διανεμημÎνο ÏÏÏÏημα Î/Î¥, ανοικÏÎ®Ï Î±ÏÏιÏεκÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ θα εκÏελεί μια ÏειÏά λειÏοÏ
ÏγιÏν, ÏοÏ
θα Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζοÏ
ν διάÏοÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Ïε ÎµÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎµÏίÏεδο. Το ÏÏοβλεÏÏμενο ÏÏÏÏημα θα βαÏίζεÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Ïε αÏ
ÏομαÏοÏοιημÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
ÏοδομÎÏ (Ï.Ï. ηλεκÏÏονική εÏαγÏγή δεδομÎνÏν μÎÏα αÏÏ Î´Î¯ÎºÏÏ
α ÏηλεÏικοινÏνιÏν Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÏαÏÏÏηÏαÏ), ÏÏν οÏοίÏν η ÏÏ
νεÏÎ®Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
Ïγία θα είναι εÏιÏακÏικά αÏαÏαίÏηÏη. Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏα Î ÏÏÏÏ
Ïα και ÎÎ´Î·Î³Î¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ΣÏÏÏημα ΠληÏοÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î., ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïα ÎµÎ¾Î®Ï Î¸ÎμαÏα:
1. ÎÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏÎ¬Î»ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïα κÏημαÏολογικά και άλλα ÏÏην καÏοÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î. δεδομÎνα και για Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα Ï
ÏÎ¿Î´Î¿Î¼Î®Ï ÏοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î Î»Î·ÏοÏοÏικήÏ
2. ÎιαÏείÏιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏάλειαÏ, ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνÏν και ÏÏν διαδικαÏιÏν ÏÏÏÏβαÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÎ¾Î¿ÏλιÏμοÏÏ Î/Î¥, ÏÏÏο ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÎ³ÎºÎ±ÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î., ÏÏο και ÏÏα ΠεÏιÏεÏειακά ÎÏαÏεία ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, Ïα οÏοία θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν για Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη, λειÏοÏ
Ïγία και διαÏείÏιÏη ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
.
3. ÎÏÏάλεια ÏÏν λογιÏμικÏν ÏακÎÏÏν και ÏηÏιακÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ
4. ÎÏÏάλεια κÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏιοÏ
ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εξοÏλιÏμÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ³ÎºÎ±ÏαÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î.
|
|
ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฮ ฮฑฯฮฑฮฝฮดฯฮญฮฟฯ
(1999) ฮ ฯฯฯฯ
ฯฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฮดฮทฮณฮฏฮตฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮทฮฝ ฯฮฑฯฮฑฮณฯฮณฮฎ ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฮฟฮฝ ฮญฮปฮตฮณฯฮฟ ฯฮฟฮนฯฯฮทฯฮฑฯ ฯฮทฯฮนฮฑฮบฯฮฝ ฮฟฯฮธฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯฮฑฯฯฯฮฝ (Technical Report in Greek; Standards and guidelines for the production and quality control of digital orthophotomaps) ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮณฯฮตฮนฯฮฏฮดฮนฮฟ, v. 1.0, ฮฮคฮฮฮฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮ.ฮ. [Technical Specifications Guides] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Îι ÏηÏιακοί οÏθοÏÏÏοÏάÏÏÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ γεÏμεÏÏικά διοÏθÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¹ÎºÏνεÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν Ïα ίδια ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά κλίμακαÏ, ÏÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î½Ï
ÏμαÏικÏÏ ÏάÏÏηÏ, εÏομÎνÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν άμεÏα για μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ αναλÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³ÎµÎ¸Ïν. Îι οÏθοÏÏÏοÏάÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
νδÏ
άζοÏ
ν Ïα ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά αÏεικÏνιÏηÏ, ÏοÏ
ÎÏει μία ÏÏÏογÏαÏία, με Ïη γεÏμεÏÏική ÏοιÏÏηÏα ενÏÏ ÏάÏÏη. Î ÏοÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïα ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÎÏει Îνα ÏÏÎ½Î·Î¸ÎµÏ ÏαÏÏογÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοÏÏν, αλλά Ïε ανÏίθεÏη με ÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏαδοÏιακοÏÏ ÏάÏÏÎµÏ Î±ÏεικονίζοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏαγμαÏικά ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏι Ïη ÏαÏÏογÏαÏική αÏεικÏνιÏη ÏÏν ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικÏν αÏ
ÏÏν. Îι ÏÏοι âÏηÏιακή οÏθοÏÏÏογÏαÏίαâ και âÏηÏιακÏÏ Î¿ÏθοÏÏÏοÏάÏÏηÏâ αναÏÎÏονÏαι ανÏίÏÏοιÏα Ïε ÏηÏιακή εικÏνα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ Î¼Î¯Î± οÏθοÏÏÏογÏαÏία και Ïε ÏηÏιακή εικÏνα, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏεÏαι αÏÏ ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹Î¬Ï Î¿ÏθοÏÏÏογÏαÏίεÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν ενÏθεί μαζί (Ïε μÏÏαÏκÏ) και αÏαÏÏίζοÏ
ν Îνα ÏάÏÏη ενιαίο με ÏÎ¹Ï Î¹Î´Î¹ÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏÎ¸Î®Ï ÏÏοβολήÏ. Τα ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα και οι ÏεÏνικÎÏ Î¿Î´Î·Î³Î¯ÎµÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, αναÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
λλογή, Ïην εÏεξεÏγαÏία, Ïην αÏÏειοθÎÏηÏη, Ïον ÏοιοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎλεγÏο και Ïην ÎγκÏιÏη ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν ÏÏν ÏηÏιακÏν οÏθοÏÏÏοÏαÏÏÏν, για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Î ÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
. Τα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
θα ÏαÏαÏθοÏν με αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοδιαγÏαÏÎÏ, θα αÏÏειοθεÏηθοÏν ÏÏη ÎάÏη ÏÏν ΧαÏÏογÏαÏικÏν ÎεδομÎνÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
και θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν ÏÏι μÏνο για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, αλλά και για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏεÏÎ·Ï Î¿Î¼Î¬Î´Î±Ï ÏÏηÏÏÏν Ïε ÏηÏιακÎÏ ÎµÎ¹ÎºÏÎ½ÎµÏ (Ï.Ï. Ïαν μÎÏο για Ïην ακÏιβÎÏÏεÏη καÏαγÏαÏή ÏÏν δαÏικÏν εκÏάÏεÏν, για Ïην ÏαÏαγÏγή ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÏν Ï
ÏοβάθÏÏν κ.λ.Ï.). ÎÏ
Ïή η οικονομική εναλλακÏική μÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με Ïη ÏÏ
νήθη γεÏμεÏÏική διÏÏθÏÏη, βαÏίζεÏαι Ïε μία ιδιαίÏεÏα εξειδικεÏ
μÎνη ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏική διαδικαÏία. Î ÏηÏιακÏÏ Î¿ÏθοÏÏÏοÏάÏÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί για ÏÎ¹Ï Î¯Î´Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μία γεÏμεÏÏικά διοÏθÏμÎνη ÏÏÏογÏαÏία, δηλαδή για ÏÏÏοεÏμηνεία ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï, για μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎ¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï, για θεμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎµÎ½Î¿ÏήÏÏν και μÎÏÏηÏη αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν, κλÏ.
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฮ ฮฑฯฮฑฮฝฮดฯฮญฮฟฯ
(1999) ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮ ฯฮฟฮดฮนฮฑฮณฯฮฑฯฮญฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฮดฮทฮณฮฏฮตฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฮตฯฮฟฯฯฮนฮณฯฮฝฮนฯฮผฮฟฯฯ (Technical Report in Greek; Technical specifications and guidelines for aerotringulations) ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮณฯฮตฮนฯฮฏฮดฮนฮฟ, v. 1.0, ฮฮคฮฮฮฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮ.ฮ. [Technical Specifications Guides] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΠδιαδικαÏία ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¼ÏοÏεί να οÏιÏθεί Ïαν ÏÏκνÏÏη και διεÏÏÏ
νÏη ÏÏν ÏημείÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
εδάÏοÏ
Ï Î¼ÎÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎµÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏιÏν. Τα ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα αÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η ÏημανÏική μείÏÏη ÏÏν εÏγαÏιÏν Ï
ÏαίθÏοÏ
, ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η ÏολÏ
ÏλεÏ
ÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏην εÏιλογή ÏÏν θÎÏεÏν ÏÏν ÏημείÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
. ÎÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι με Ïην ÏαÏαγÏγή Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½Î¿Ï Î±ÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï ÏημείÏν ÏÏα ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικά μονÏÎλα, Ï
ÏολογιÏμÎνÏν αÏÏ Ïα εÏίγεια Ïημεία ελÎγÏοÏ
, ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε κάθε μονÏÎλο να μÏοÏεί να ÏÏοÏαναÏολιÏÏεί με Ïην ακÏίβεια ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏείÏαι για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ, ÏÏÏο για Ïην ÏαÏαγÏγή οÏθοÏÏÏογÏαÏιÏν ÏÏο και για Ïην ÏÏνÏαξη ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏικÏν Ï
ÏοβάθÏÏν Ïε ÏηÏιακή ή αναλογική μοÏÏή. ΠαεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμÏÏ, Ïε ÏÏγκÏιÏη με Ïον ÏÏοÏαναÏολιÏÎ¼Ï Î±Î½ÎµÎ¾Î¬ÏÏηÏÏν μονÏÎλÏν, ÏÏοÏÏÎÏει Ïο ÏλεονÎκÏημα, ÏÏι αÏαιÏεί λιγÏÏεÏα ÏÏÏοÏÏαθεÏά για Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη. Îε Ïα ÏημεÏινά δεδομÎνα είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να βαÏιÏÏεί ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïε ακÏμη λιγÏÏεÏα εÏίγεια Ïημεία ελÎγÏοÏ
, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¹Î²ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS (Global Positioning System) για ÏÎ¹Ï Î¸ÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ÏÏÏοκÎνÏÏÏν, Ïην εκάÏÏοÏε ÏÏονική ÏÏιγμή ÏÎ·Ï Î»Î®ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν αεÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏιÏν. Τα δεδομÎνα αÏ
Ïά ειÏάγονÏαι Ïαν εÏιÏÏÏÏθεÏÎµÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏειÏ, Ïε Îνα "ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÎνο" μÏλοκ αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμοÏ, δημιοÏ
ÏγÏνÏÎ±Ï Î¼Ïλοκ με μεγάλη ÏÏ
κνÏÏηÏα ÏημείÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
και ομοιÏμοÏÏη Ï
Ïηλή ακÏίβεια Ïε Ïλο Ïο μÏλοκ. ΩÏÏÏÏο ο αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμÏÏ Î¼Îµ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS αÏαιÏεί ιδιαίÏεÏη θεÏÏηÏη και ÏÏοÏοÏή, ÏÏον αÏοÏά ειδικά ÏεÏνικά θÎμαÏα, Ïα οÏοία Ïε ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
δεν ÏÏοÏεÏθοÏν, οδηγοÏν Ïε διάÏοÏα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα και Ï
ÏοβιβαÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν. Îια Ïο λÏγο αÏ
ÏÏ Ïα ειδικά αÏ
Ïά θÎμαÏα εξεÏάζονÏαι με λεÏÏομÎÏεια ÏÏο κεÏάλαιο 6 ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏεÏÏοÏ
Ï. ÎÏιÏλÎον αναλÏονÏαι διεξοδικά οι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ακολοÏ
θοÏνÏαι καÏά Ïη μÎÏÏηÏη και Ïην εÏίλÏ
Ïη ÏÏν αναλÏ
ÏικÏν αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμÏν, ÏÏÏÏ:
⢠ΠÏοεÏοιμαÏία ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏÏογενοÏÏ Ï
λικοÏ
⢠ΣάÏÏÏη ÏÏν διαθεÏικÏν (μÏνο για Ïην ÏηÏιακή μÎθοδο)
⢠ÎÏιλογή ÏÏν ÏÏÏοÏÏαθεÏÏν και ÏÏ
νδεÏικÏν ÏημείÏν
⢠ÎιαδικαÏία pugging ÏÏν διαθεÏικÏν (ÏÏοαιÏεÏικά και μÏνο ÏÏη ÏÏ
μβαÏική μÎθοδο)
⢠ÎÎÏÏηÏη ÏημείÏν (ÏÏ
μβαÏική μÎÎ¸Î¿Î´Î¿Ï Î¼Ïνο)
⢠ÎÏίλÏ
Ïη
ΠκÏÏια εÏιδίÏξη ÏÏν Î ÏοδιαγÏαÏÏν και ÎδηγιÏν ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι είναι:
(α) να οÏιÏθοÏν οι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι ενÎÏγειεÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î¸Î± ÏÏÎÏει να ακολοÏ
θοÏνÏαι καÏά Ïην διεξαγÏγή ÏÏν βαÏικÏν εÏιμÎÏοÏ
Ï Î²Î·Î¼Î¬ÏÏν ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμοÏ, για κάθε μελÎÏη, ÏοÏ
αναÏίθεÏαι ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
Î ÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
και
(β) να οÏιÏθοÏν οι αÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην αξιολÏγηÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
αεÏοÏÏιγÏνιÏμοÏ, ÏÏÏε να διαÏÏαλιÏθεί, ÏÏι θα λαμβάνονÏαι κάθε ÏοÏά αξιÏÏιÏÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα.
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(1998) ฮฯฮฑฮนฯฮฎฯฮตฮนฯ ฮฮปฮญฮณฯฮฟฯ
ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฮนฮฑฯฯฮฌฮปฮนฯฮทฯ ฮ ฮฟฮนฯฯฮทฯฮฑฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟ ฮฮปฮปฮทฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฯฮทฮผฮฑฯฮฟฮปฯฮณฮนฮฟ (Technical report in Greek; Quality Control and Assurance Requirements for the Greek Cadastre) ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮณฯฮตฮนฯฮฏฮดฮนฮฟ, v. 1.0, ฮฮคฮฮฮฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮ.ฮ. [Technical Specifications Guides] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎÎ
ΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÎ³ÏειÏιδίοÏ
είναι:
⢠Îα δÏÏει Ïο γενικÏÏεÏο ÏλαίÏιο ÏÏν αÏαιÏήÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎΤÎÎÎΤÎÎÎÎÎÎ Î.Î. Ïε ÏÏÎÏη με Ïον ÎλεγÏο και Ïη διαÏÏάλιÏη ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
.
⢠Îα εξοικειÏÏει ÏοÏ
Ï ÎÏιβλÎÏονÏÎµÏ ÎηÏανικοÏÏ ÏÏν μελεÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
με ÏÎ¹Ï Î²Î±ÏικÎÏ Î±ÏÏÎÏ ÏÏν αÏοδεκÏÏν εÏιÏÎδÏν ÏοιÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏοÏ
θα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθοÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î®ÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν εÏγαÏιÏν για Ïο ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο, ÏÏÏε να εÏιÏαÏÏ
νθεί η διαδικαÏία ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ΣÏ
μβάÏεÏν και η ÏÏοÏθηÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÏιÏÏ
ÏημÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼Îµ Ïα μελεÏηÏικά γÏαÏεία.
⢠Îα ÏÏοιÏειοθεÏήÏει Îνα Î³ÎµÎ½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏλαίÏιο εννοιÏν και οδηγιÏν ελÎγÏοÏ
και διαÏÏάλιÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏαÏ, ÏοÏ
διÎÏονÏαι αÏÏ Ïα διεθνή ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα ÏοÏ
ÎιεθνοÏÏ ÎÏγανιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¤Ï
ÏοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï (International Standardization Organization, ISO). Îι βαÏικÎÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÎννοιεÏ, αν εÏαÏμοÏθοÏν, θα διεÏ
κολÏνοÏ
ν Ïα μελεÏηÏικά γÏαÏεία, ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
μμεÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏα ÎÏγα ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, να ÏÏοÏαÏμÏÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη δική ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏαÏηγική διαÏÏάλιÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¹ÏÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏιλÏδοξοÏ
αναÏÏÏ
Î¾Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ, αλλά και να εÏιδείξοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïην Ï
Ïηλή ÏοιοÏικά ÏαÏαγÏγή ÏÏν ÏαÏαδοÏÎÏν ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν και Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην ÎΤÎÎÎΤÎÎÎÎÎÎ Î.Î.
ΣÏην εÏγαÏία, αναγνÏÏίζεÏαι ÏÏι κάθε Îμάδα EÏγοÏ
ÏÏν ÎνάδοÏÏν, ÏοÏ
μεÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏο Î ÏÏγÏαμμα ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, ÎÏει Ïα δικά ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¿Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¬ ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏικά, ÏÏÏÏ Î±ÎºÏιβÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏει και η ανÏίÏÏοιÏη οÏγάνÏÏη και Ïο εÏγαÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏεÏιβάλλον ÏÏο οÏοίο λειÏοÏ
ÏγοÏν. ΩÏÏÏÏο, κάθε ενεÏÎ³Ï ÏÏÏÏημα διαÏÏάλιÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎÏει οÏιÏμÎνα κοινά Ïημεία, ÏοÏ
είναι θεμελιÏδοÏ
Ï ÏημαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± κάθε εÏιÏείÏηÏη. ÎαÏά ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, ÏÏο εγÏειÏίδιο, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι Îνα ÏÏ
ÏοÏοιημÎνο λεξιλÏγιο για να ÏεÏιγÏάÏει αÏ
Ïά Ïα κοινά ÏÏοιÏεία εÏÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏείÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μελεÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
, μαζί με Îνα ÏÏνολο κοινÏν βαÏικÏν αÏÏÏν και οδηγιÏν αξιολÏγηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν ÏελικÏν ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν και Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν. Îι Î¿Î´Î·Î³Î¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏονÏαι αÏοÏκοÏοÏν ÏÏο να εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην ÏÏοÏαÏμογή ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ ÎνάδοÏο και ÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏεÏγολάβοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
, ανÏανακλÏνÏÎ±Ï Ïην οÏγανÏÏική δομή ÏÏν εÏαιÏειÏν ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÎνα ÏÏÎδια εÏγαÏιÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην εÏιÏειÏηÏιακή â και ÏεÏνολογική â ÏÏοÏÎγγιÏη ÏοÏ
ακολοÏ
θοÏν, ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïο ÎλεγÏο και Ïην διαÏÏάλιÏη ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν εÏγαÏιÏν, ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν και Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÏοÏ
Ï.
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
ฮฮดฮทฮณฮฏฮตฯ ฮณฮนฮฑ ฯฮท ฯฯฮฎฯฮท ฯฮฟฯ
GPS (Technical Report in Greek; Guidelines for the use of GPS) ฮคฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮณฯฮตฮนฯฮฏฮดฮนฮฟ, v. 1.0, ฮฮคฮฮฮฮคฮฮฮฮฮฮ ฮ.ฮ. [Technical Specifications Guides] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣήμεÏα, για ÏολλÎÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
εÏαÏμÏζεÏαι εÏ
ÏÎÏÏ Ïο δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GPS (Global Positioning System), ÏοÏ
βαÏικά είναι ÏεÏνολογία ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï Ïε ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ με δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î½Î± ÏαÏÎÏει αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, γÏήγοÏα και οικονομικά, και ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ, είναι μία αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î»Î¯Î³ÎµÏ ÏÏοηγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏεÏνολογίεÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÏοβλÎÏεÏαι να εÏηÏεάÏει οÏ
ÏιαÏÏικά, Ïε Ïλα ÏÏεδÏν Ïα εÏίÏεδα εκÏÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν μελεÏÏν, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μελλονÏικÎÏ Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ, για Ïη ÏÏ
λλογή ÏÏÏικÏν ÏÏοιÏείÏν ÏοÏ
αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι για Ïην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ. ΣÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎµÏÏν, αÏαιÏοÏνÏαι γεÏδαιÏικά/ÏοÏογÏαÏικά δίκÏÏ
α Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏα οÏοία θα βαÏιζονÏαι, θα εÏαληθεÏονÏαι και θα αξιολογοÏνÏαι οι εκάÏÏοÏε ÏοÏογÏαÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÏημαÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ¬Î¸Îµ μελÎÏηÏ. Îι εÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏÏν θα ÏÏÎÏει να ακολοÏ
θοÏν και να ÏÏ
μÏÏνοÏν με ÏÎ¿Î»Ï Ïιο αÏ
ÏÏηÏά ÏÏÏÏÏ
Ïα ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ διαÏÏάλιÏÎ·Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά ÏοÏ
ιÏÏÏοÏ
ν για Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÏημαÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï (Ï.Ï., ÏÏÎ¬Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογήÏ, διανομÎÏ, κλÏ.). ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι οδηγίεÏ, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν ÏÏÏο Ïον ÏÏεδιαÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν εÏγαÏιÏν GPS ÏÏο Ïεδίο, Ïην ÏÏ
λλογή και Ïην εÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν GPS, ÏÏο και Ïην ÏλήÏη ÏεκμηÏίÏÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ενÏοÏιÏμοÏ, αÏÏ Ïη ÏÏ
νÏÏθÏÏη ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, ÏÏÏε οι ÎνάδοÏοι ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν Ïην ÏεÏνολογία GPS να μÏοÏοÏν να εÏαÏμÏζοÏ
ν διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοιοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ»ÎγÏοÏ
Î±Î½Î¬Î»Î¿Î³ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏμÏÏÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï Î¿Î´Î·Î³Î¯ÎµÏ.
| |
Internal Technical Report | |
1991 |
(1991) Exploratory Investigation on the use of Inland-water, Land and Ice Satellite Altimetry Canadian Geodetic Survey, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada [Internal Technical Report] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Î ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία αÏοÏελεί μια κοινή εÏÏÏεÏική ÏεÏνική ÎκθεÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏοεÏοιμάÏÏηκε αÏÏ Ïην αμεÏικανική εÏαιÏεία GAIA Inc. και Ïην καναδική ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏοεÏοιμαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
διεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎÎ Î-Îαναδά για Ïη âÎνάÏÏÏ
ξη ενÏÏ Î£Ï
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î Î»Î·ÏοÏοÏιÏν για Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ·Ï Î Î±Î³ÎºÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎÎ»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎλίμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏον Îαναδάâ. ΠεÏγαÏία εξεÏάζει Ïο ÏÏÏβλημα ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν ÏανÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏαγÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν αÏκÏικÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν, ÏÏοÏ
η ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÏν ÏαλμÏν ενÏÏ ÏανÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏνθεÏη αÏ' Ï,Ïι ÏÏην ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÏν ÏκεανÏν. ΣÏοÏ
Ï ÏαÏάγονÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκαλοÏν Ïα εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏοβλήμαÏα ÏεÏιλαμβάνονÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î¿Î¹ κλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ η μοÏÏολογία ÏÏν εÏιÏανειÏν ÏάγοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏαÏακÏηÏίζονÏαι αÏÏ Î¼Î®ÎºÎ· κÏμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏην ίδια ÏÏÏική κλίμακα με Ïην ακÏίνα ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï Î±Î½Î¬ÎºÎ»Î±ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαλμÏν ÏοÏ
ÏανÏάÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ οι δεÏ
ÏεÏεÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±ÎºÎ»Î¬ÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏανÏάÏ. ΧÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï ÎµÏαναÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¿ÏÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ±Î»Î¼Î¿Ï ÏανÏÎ¬Ï (return-pulse retracking) ÏÏην ανάλÏ
Ïη διαθÎÏιμÏν αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν δεδομÎνÏν αÏÏ Ïον δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏο GEOSAT, η εÏγαÏία καÏÎδειξε ÏÏι Ïα δεδομÎνα αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν ÏανÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ μια ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏολÏÏιμη Ïηγή ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν για Ïον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏογÏαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ηÏειÏÏÏικÏν αÏκÏικÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν, ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλαμβανομÎνÏν ÏÏν εÏÏÏεÏικÏν θαλαÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
Îαναδά (Ï.Ï., Hudson Bay), δεδομÎνοÏ
ÏÏι με Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏαÏÎÏεÏαι η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν διαÏÏονικÏν αλλαγÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏάγÏν, ÏοÏ
με Ïη ÏειÏά ÏοÏ
Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏαν να ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½ÎµÎ¾Î¬ÏÏηÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎµÎ¯ÎºÏÎµÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±ÏεÏθÏ
νÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¿Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν οÏίÏν ÏÏν ÏάγÏν, να οÏιοθεÏήÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï Î»ÎµÎºÎ¬Î½ÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏοήÏ, να εÏιÏÏÎÏοÏ
ν Ïην ανίÏνεÏ
Ïη ÏÏν αλλαγÏν ÏοÏ
ÏάÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏν ÏάγÏν και ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î½Î± ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν Îνα άμεÏο μÎÏÏο ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î±Î¶Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¹ÏοÏÏοÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏÏλλÏν ÏάγοÏ
. Îι διαÏιÏÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ Ï
ÏογÏάμμιÏαν Ïην ανάγκη να ÏεÏιληÏθεί αÏ
ÏÏÏ Î¿ ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏοιÏείÏν ÏÏα μονÏÎλα και Îνα ÏÏοÏεινÏμενο ÏÏÏÏημα κÏÏ
οÏÏαιÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν για Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÏν αλλαγÏν Ïο ÏαγκÏÏμιοÏ
κλίμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎÏ Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, δεδομÎνοÏ
ÏÏι οÏοιαδήÏοÏε αξιÏÏιÏÏη μελÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ»Î»Î¿Î½ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏν ÏÏλλÏν ÏάγοÏ
Ïε ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ»Î¹Î¼Î±ÏολογικÎÏ Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ Î¸Î± αÏαιÏοÏÏαν Ïην ακÏιβή γνÏÏη ÏÏν εν εξελίξει Ï
ÏομεÏÏικÏν αλλαγÏν ÏÏν ÏÏλλÏν ÏάγοÏ
και ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏονικά εξαÏÏημÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏοÏ
Ï.
|
Research Reports | |
1990 |
R Simard, S Argus, F Bowkett, M Brugman, J Cihlar, D Delikaraoglou, J Falkingham, T Fisher, H French, B Goodison, H Granberg, A Judge, R Koerner, E Ledrew, R Leconte, B Maxwell, M -C Mouchot, L Mysak, S Ommaney, T Prowse (1990) Cryospheric System (CRYSYS) to Monitor Global Change in Canada Research Project Execution Plan submitted to Eos/NASA by the Canadian Space Agency [Research Reports] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, αναÏÎÏεÏαι ÏÏο εÏιÏειÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏÏÎδιο ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ±Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÏ
μμεÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÏο διεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏγÏαμμα Eos (Earth Observing System) ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎΣÎ. Îι αÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏημανÏικÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏη ÏÏν ÏαινομÎνÏν και εÏιδÏάÏεÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏαγκÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î±Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏο ÏεÏιβάλλον. ÎλλαγÎÏ ÏÏην αÏμÏÏÏαιÏα εÏιδÏοÏν ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏάγοÏ
Ï ÏÏν θαλαÏÏίÏν και ηÏειÏÏÏικÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν, ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏαγεÏÏÎ½ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο εÏιÏÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¹Î±ÎºÏ ÏιÏνι, Ïα οÏοία με Ïη ÏειÏά ÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏιδÏοÏν ÏÏην αÏμÏÏÏαιÏα, ÏÎ¹Ï Î¸Î¬Î»Î»Î±ÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏÎºÎ¹ÎµÏ Ï
δάÏÎ¹Î½ÎµÏ Î¼Î¬Î¶ÎµÏ. ΠμÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± να αξιολογηθοÏν οι εÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏαγκÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î±Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÏοÏ, είναι να ÏÏοÏÏαθήÏει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î½Î± αναÏÏÏξει μονÏÎλα ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏικÏν μηÏανιÏμÏν, ÏοÏ
δημιοÏ
ÏγοÏν Ïα ÏαÏαÏηÏοÏμενα ÏαινÏμενα, και να διαÏηÏηθεί Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο ÏÏαθμÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏο Ïεδίο, ÏÏοÏ
να είναι δÏ
ναÏÏν να μεÏÏηθοÏν αÏεÏ
Î¸ÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Î¿ÏοιεδήÏοÏε ÏÏεÏικÎÏ Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ ÏÏην εÏιÏάνεια ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ΣÏην εν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι λεÏÏομεÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ δÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï CRYSYS, ÏÏοÏ
ÏÏÏκειÏαι να αναÏÏÏ
ÏθοÏν και να αξιολογηθοÏν Ïα ÏοÏικά μονÏÎλα ÏοÏ
είναι αναγκαία για Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη ÏÏ
μÏεÏιÏοÏά ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÏÏ
ÏÏÏαιÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, ÏÏÏε να μελεÏηθοÏν και να ÏαÏακολοÏ
θηθοÏν οι εÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏαγκÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î±Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÏοÏ. Îια Ïην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏεινÏμενοÏ
ÏÏεδίοÏ
, ÏÏοÏείνονÏαι η εγκαÏάÏÏαÏη και ÏÏήÏη ενÏÏ ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î±ÏÎ¹Î¸Î¼Î¿Ï ÎµÏιγείÏν ÏÏαθμÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν Ïε ÏημανÏικÎÏ ÏειÏαμαÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, η ανάÏÏÏ
ξη καÏαλλήλÏν μαθημαÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν για Ïην εξαγÏγή (Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏ) κÏιÏίμÏν γεÏÏÏ
ÏικÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν, εÏαλήθεÏ
Ïη ÏÏν ÏοÏικÏν μονÏÎλÏν και ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν ÏοÏικÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν Ïαν αÏÏικÎÏ ÏιμÎÏ Î³Î¹Î± Ïην αξιολÏγηÏη γενικεÏ
μÎνÏν μονÏÎλÏν για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏθηÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏÏν εÏεÏ
νÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Î¼ÎÏα αÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν Eos (Eos Data Information System, EosDIS) για Ïην αξιολÏγηÏη ÏαγκοÏÎ¼Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎ±Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÏαγκÏÏÎ¼Î¹Î±Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÏοÏ.
|
1988 |
D Delikaraoglou, D Boal, H Dragert, J Kouba, A Lambert, A Mainville (1988) GLRS Crustal Movements, Altimetry, and Eos Precise Orbit Experiments in Canada An Interdisciplinary Investigation proposal in response to the NASA Announcement of Opportunity for the Earth Observing System (Eos), Geodetic Survey of Canada [Research Reports] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία αÏοÏÎλεÏε Ïην ÏλήÏη ÏÏÏÏαÏη ÏÏ
μμεÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÏν καναδικÏν οÏγανιÏμÏν ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Canadian Geodetic Survey, CGS), ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏÎ»Î¿Î³Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï (Geological Survey of Canada) και ÏοÏ
ÎεÏεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÎνÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
Î. Îαναδά (Pacific Geoscience Centre, PGC) ÏÏο διεÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏγÏαμμα Eos (Earth Observing System) ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎΣÎ. Î ÏÏÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏεÏαι ÏÏην εν Î»Î¿Î³Ï ÎµÏγαÏία, εÏÏιάζει ÏÏη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GLRS (Geodynamics Laser Ranging and Altimeter System), ενÏÏ ÎµÎ¹Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î»ÎÏÎ¶ÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏÏάÏεÏν και αλÏιμεÏÏικÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν με δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î³ÎµÏδÏ
ναμικÏν εÏαÏμογÏν, Ïο οÏοίο ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιζÏÏαν για ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏολικÎÏ-ÏλαÏÏÏÏÎ¼ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Eos. ΠεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏικÎÏ Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιÏÏηÏÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μελÎÏεÏ, ÏοÏ
θα βαÏίζονÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
νεÏγιÏÏική ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
GLRS, ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
ÏÏν καναδικÏν ÏÏαθμÏν GPS ÏÏ
νεÏοÏÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï (Active Control System (ACS) networks) και ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏεκÏονικÏν μικÏομεÏακινήÏεÏν και αλλαγÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î²Î±ÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏείνονÏαι ειδικά ÏειÏάμαÏα διεξαγÏÎ³Î®Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν (α) ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î´Ï
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏίÏÏανÏαι γεÏδÏ
Î½Î±Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏαÏακÏήÏα ÏεκÏονικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏακινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏαμοÏÏÏÏειÏ, και (β) ÏÏη ÏεÏιοÏή Hudson Bay ÏοÏ
βÏÏειοÏ
Îαναδά, ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏίÏÏανÏαι ÏαινÏμενα μεÏακίνηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏεÏÎµÎ¿Ï ÏÎ»Î¿Î¹Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ, εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαγεÏÏνÏν (post-glacial rebound). Îι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοι ÏÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏεινÏμενοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
ήÏαν:
1. Îα εÏιδειÏθεί, μÎÏα αÏÏ Î±Î½Î±Î»ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοÏομοίÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏαγμαÏικά δεδομÎνα, η ÏÏηÏιμÏÏηÏα ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν GLRS μÎÏÏ ÏαθηÏικÏν ανακλαÏÏήÏÏν, ÏÏ ÏÏ
μÏληÏÏμαÏική για Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ (Ïιο αÏÏμÏοÏÎµÏ Î»ÏÎ³Ï ÎºÏÏÏοÏ
Ï) ÏεÏνικÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ GPS/VLBI, για Ïη μελÎÏη ÏÏν ÏεκÏονικÏν αλληλοεÏιδÏάÏεÏν, ÏÏα ÏÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÏεκÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏÎ»Î¬ÎºÎ±Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎοÏείοÏ
ÎμεÏικήÏ, ÏÏη δÏ
Ïική ακÏή ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, και για Ïην ανίÏνεÏ
Ïη καÏακÏÏÏ
ÏÏν μεÏακινήÏεÏν ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
αναÏÎ¿Î»Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Îαναδά εξ αιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
post-glacial rebound.
2. Îα εξεÏαÏθοÏν Ïα διαÏαινÏμενα ÏλεονεκÏήμαÏα ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
αλÏιμÎÏÏοÏ
GLRS για Ïη ÏαÏαγÏγή ÏοÏογÏαÏικÏν ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï Î±ÎºÏίβειαÏ, για ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ ÎºÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î±ÏκÏικÎÏ, δÏÏÎºÎ¿Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏη ÏÏÏÏβαÏη και οÏ
ÏιαÏÏικά ελάÏιÏÏα ή μη-ÏαÏÏογÏαÏημÎνεÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ για Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ Î³ÎµÏÏÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ γεÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Î´Î¹Î±ÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον Îαναδά.
3. Îια Ïην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη ÏÏν εν λÏÎ³Ï Î´ÏαÏÏηÏιοÏήÏÏν να διεξαÏθοÏν ÏÏ
νÏονιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GLRS και GPS (αÏ
ÏÏνομα ή Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÏ), ÏÏÏε να μελεÏηθεί ο βαθμÏÏ Î²ÎµÎ»ÏίÏÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏμÏν ÏÏν ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏλαÏÏÏÏÎ¼Î±Ï Eos, ÏοÏ
θα μεÏαÏÎÏει Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα GLRS, με μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï GPS, μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏλαÏÏÏÏÎ¼Î±Ï Eos και ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν GPS, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ ÎµÏίγειοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο δίκÏÏ
ο ACS.
Πεν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏÏÏαÏη, με οÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏÏοÏαÏμοÏÏικÎÏ Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ (κÏ
ÏίÏÏ Î³Î¹Î± λογιÏÏικοÏÏ Î»ÏγοÏ
Ï), εÏιλÎÏθηκε αÏÏ Ïη ÎÎΣΠκαι ÏÏ
μÏÏÏÏθηκε με ανάλογη ÏÏÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
ÎÎ±Î½Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÎνÏÏοÏ
ΤηλεÏιÏκÏÏηÏÎ·Ï (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, CCRS) ÏÏο εÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏγÏαμμα CRYSYS (Cryospheric System to monitor global change in Canada), ÏοÏ
αÏοÏÎλεÏε και Ïη Ïελική ÏÏ
μμεÏοÏή ÏοÏ
Îαναδά ÏÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη ÏάÏη Ï
λοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï Eos.
|
Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised | |
2011 |
ฮงฯฮฎฯฯฮฟฯ ฮจฮฑฯฯฮฌฯ (2011) ฮฮฝฮฌฯฯฯ
ฮพฮท ฮจฮทฯฮนฮฑฮบฮฟฯ ฮฃฯ
ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฟฯ ฮฮฑฯฮฑฮณฯฮฑฯฮฎฯ ฮคฯฮฟฯฮนฮฌฯ ฮผฮต ฮงฯฮฎฯฮท ฯฮทฯ ฮ ฮปฮฑฯฯฯฯฮผฮฑฯ ฮฮฝฮฟฮนฮบฯฮฟฯ ฮฯฮดฮนฮบฮฑ Arduino ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- ÎνÏικείμενο ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹ÏλÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η δημιοÏ
Ïγία ενÏÏ ÏηÏιακοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαγÏαÏÎ®Ï ÏÏοÏÎ¹Î¬Ï Î¼Îµ Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î·Î»ÎµÎºÏÏÎ¿Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏλαÏÏÏÏμαÏ
ανοιÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏδικα Arduino. Îια Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ενÏÏ ÏÎÏοιοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαγÏαÏήÏ
ÏÏοÏÎ¹Î¬Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ αÏαÏαίÏηÏη η γνÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î³Î»ÏÏÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
Arduino, η
οÏοία βαÏίζεÏαι ÏÏην C++, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏÏν μικÏοÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
Ïν ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν. ΠαÏÏμοια εÏγαλεία ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι εÏ
ÏÎÏÏ Ïε ÏαγκÏÏμιο
εÏίÏεδο, αλλά η μείÏÏη ÏοÏ
κÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ άμεÏη εÏÎμβαÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη ÏÏο
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏιβάλλον, καθιÏÏοÏν Ïην ÏλαÏÏÏÏμα Arduino ενδιαÏÎÏοÏ
Ïα.
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ฮ ฮฮฮคฮฃฮฮฮฮฮฮฮ (2011) ฮฮฝฮฌฮปฯ
ฯฮท ฮฯฮนฮดฯฯฮตฯฮฝ ฯฯฮฝ ฮฯฮตฯฯฯฮผฮตฮฝฯฮฝ ฮฃฯ
ฯฯฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ GNSS ฮณฮนฮฑ ฮฮนฮฝฮทฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮญฯ ฮฮฝฯฮฟฯฮนฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฟฮฝ ฮฮปฮปฮทฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮงฯฯฮฟ (Diploma Thesis in Greek; Performance Analysis of the future GNSS systems for kinematic tracking applications in the Greek Area) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ, ฮฮฌฯฯฮนฮฟฯ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: The purpose of this thesis is the study and comparison of present and future Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). More specifically, the study is focused on the GPS (Global Navigation Satellite System), Galileo and EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System) systems which are compared in their performances in regard to the conditions of satellite visibility, the dilution of precision (DOP), the level of Navigation System Precision (NSP) and system integrity. For this purpose mainly mobile tracks were studied, using different means of transportation over the territory of Greece.
The paper is separated in two parts. The first one (dealing with a thorough bibliographical research) describes in detail the use of global navigation satellite systems, augmentation systems and gives a short account of the Hellenic Positioning System (HEPOS). Useful terms such as Dilution of Precision (DOP), Navigation System Precision (NSP) are also described extensively. In the second part, various scenarios and respective simulations are presented with the use of Galileo System Simulation Facility (GSSF) program which is a product of the European Space Agency (ESA).
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- Î ÏκοÏÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï Î´Î¹ÏλÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η μελÎÏη και η ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν ÏαÏÏνÏÏν και ÏÏν μελλονÏικÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏλοήγηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï (GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite Systems). ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα η μελÎÏη εÏÏιάζει ÏÏα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα GPS (Global Navigation Satellite System), Galileo και EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System), Ïα οÏοία ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην αÏÏδοÏή ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏικά με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ Î¿ÏαÏÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, Ïη γεÏμεÏÏική ακÏίβεια, Ïα εÏίÏεδα ÏλοήγηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ακεÏαιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο εκάÏÏοÏε ÏÏÏÏημα ή Ïο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
Ï. Îια Ïο ÏκοÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ Î¼ÎµÎ»ÎµÏήθηκαν κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·Î¼Î±ÏικÎÏ ÏÏαγμαÏικÎÏ ÏοÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Îµ διάÏοÏα μÎÏα μεÏαÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏον ÎÎ»Î»Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο.
ΠεÏγαÏία ÏÏÏίζεÏαι Ïε δÏο μÎÏη. ΣÏο ÏÏÏÏο, Ïο βιβλιογÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοÏ
γίνεÏαι μία λεÏÏομεÏÎ®Ï ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏλοήγηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν εÏαÏξηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ γίνεÏαι μία αναÏοÏά ÏοÏ
ÎÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î£Ï
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î ÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï (HEPOS: Hellenic Positioning System). ÎÏίÏηÏ, ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι οι αναλÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎÎ½Î½Î¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
εξεÏάζονÏαι: ο δείκÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï DOP (Dilution of Precision), η ακÏίβεια NSP (Navigation System Precision) και οι εξιÏÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν. ΣÏο δεÏÏεÏο μÎÏοÏ, Ïο εÏεÏ
νηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά Ïα ÏενάÏια και οι ÏÏοÏομοιÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¿Î¹ οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Îγιναν ÏÏη ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία με Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏακÎÏο Galileo System Simulation Facility (GSSF) ÏοÏ
διαÏίθεÏαι αÏÏ Ïην ÎÏ
ÏÏÏαÏκή Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÎιαÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï (ESA: European Space Agency).
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2010 |
ฮ ฮง ฮฮฑฯฮฟฯฯฮฟฯ (2010) ฮฃฯฮณฮบฯฮนฯฮท ฮฮตฮธฯฮดฯฮฝ ฮฯฮนฮฟฮธฮญฯฮทฯฮทฯ ฮฮนฮณฮนฮฑฮปฮฟฯ (Diploma Thesis in Greek; A comparison of methods for the delineation of the Greek coastal zone) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: The delineation of the Greek coastal zone is necessary for the integrated
development of the coastal areas and for the completion of the Hellenic
Cadastre. Ktimatologio SA (which is the management service of Hellenic
Cadastre) completed the work of delineating the Preliminary Coastal Zone
throught photointerpretation methods and techniques.
This Thesis Aimes to compare the institutional method to delineating the coastal
zone on the spot survey, with the Ktimatologio SA method of delineating the
Preliminary Coastal Zone with photointerpretation methods and techniques.
To compare the two borderlines 22 coastal areas were selected based on
benchmarks, for the objective determination of results.
Three comparison methods were applied: the first method compares the surfaces
between the two borderlines, the second method compares the vertical distances
between the two borderlines and the third method compares the vertical
distances between the two borderlines based on the data selection of Preliminary
Coastal Zone.
The results of the comparison methods give a first impression of whether this
data can be used, at a later stage, by the Services and Committees of the
Ministry of Economy and Finance for speeding up the official coastal zones
delineation proccess. Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- ΠοÏιοθÎÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ»Î»Î·Î½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏαÏάκÏÎ¹Î±Ï Î¶ÏÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ αναγκαία και ÏημανÏική για Ïην
ολοκληÏÏμÎνη ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÏν ÏαÏάκÏιÏν ÏεÏιοÏÏν και μÎÏα ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια
ολοκλήÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
γίνεÏαι εÏιÏακÏική η ανάγκη
καθοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν οÏίÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïη θάλαÏÏα, ÏοÏ
είναι η οÏιογÏαμμή ÏοÏ
αιγιαλοÏ. Îια Ïον λÏγο αÏ
ÏÏ Î· ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î. ολοκλήÏÏÏε Ïο ÎÏγο καθοÏιÏμοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î ÏοκαÏαÏκÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÏιογÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¹Î³Î¹Î±Î»Î¿Ï (Î ÎÎ) με ÏÏÏοεÏμηνεÏ
ÏικÎÏ
μεθÏδοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεÏνικÎÏ.
ΣκοÏÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏιÏÏÎ¬Î¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
καθοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν οÏίÏν ÏοÏ
Î±Î¹Î³Î¹Î±Î»Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ εÏιÏÏÏια αÏ
ÏοÏία, με Ïην μÎθοδο
καθοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î ÎΠαÏÏ Ïην ÎÏημαÏολÏγιο Î.Î. με ÏÏÏοεÏμηνεÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î¼ÎµÎ¸ÏδοÏ
Ï
και ÏεÏνικÎÏ.
Îια Ïην ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν δÏο οÏιογÏαμμÏν εÏιλÎÏθηκαν 22 ÏαÏάκÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ Î²Î¬Ïη
κÏιÏηÏίÏν, ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε Ïο δείγμα να είναι ανÏιÏÏοÏÏÏεÏ
ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ελληνικοÏ
ÏαÏάκÏιοÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
και ο ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν να είναι ÏÏο Ïο
δÏ
ναÏÏν Ïιο ανÏικειμενικÏÏ.
Î ÏοÏείνονÏαι ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼Îθοδοι ÏÏγκÏιÏηÏ, ÏÏην ÏÏÏÏη μÎθοδο ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι οι
εÏιÏÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏημαÏίζονÏαι μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν δÏο οÏιογÏαμμÏν, ÏÏη δεÏÏεÏη μÎθοδο
ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι οι κάθεÏÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιÎÏονÏαι μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν δÏο οÏιογÏαμμÏν
και ÏÏην ÏÏίÏη μÎθοδο ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι οι κάθεÏÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ¿Ï ÏεÏιÎÏονÏαι μεÏαξÏ
ÏÏν κÏιÏηÏίÏν ÏάÏÎ±Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î ÎΠκαι ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Î¿ÏιÏμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¿ÏιογÏÎ±Î¼Î¼Î®Ï ÏοÏ
αιγιαλοÏ.
Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν δίνοÏ
ν μια ÏÏÏÏη εικÏνα, εάν μÏοÏεί η Î ÎΠνα
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιηθεί Ïε μεÏαγενÎÏÏεÏο ÏÏάδιο αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏμÏÎ´Î¹ÎµÏ Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎÏιÏÏοÏÎÏ
ÏοÏ
Î¥ÏοÏ
ÏγείοÏ
ÎÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÎικονομικÏν για Ïην εÏίÏÏεÏ
Ïη ÏÏν διαδικαÏιÏν
καθοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ θεÏμοθÎÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
αιγιαλοÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏÎ±Î»Î±Î¹Î¿Ï Î±Î¹Î³Î¹Î±Î»Î¿Ï, ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏαλίαÏ,
ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÎ¸Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏÏÏÎ¸Î¹Î±Ï Î¶ÏνηÏ.
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ฮ ฮ ฮฆฮนฮปฮนฯฯฮฟฯ
ฮปฮฟฯ (2010) ฮฃฮงฮฮฮฮฮฃฮฮฮฃ, ฮฮฮกฮฅฮฃฮ ฮฮฮ ฮฮฮคฮกฮฮฃฮ ฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฅ ฮฮฮฮฮงฮฮฅ ฮฮฮ ฮคฮ ฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฮฃฮ ฮฮฮงฮฮฮฉฮ ฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฉฮคฮฮฮกฮฮฆฮฮฃฮฮฃ (Diploma Thesis in Greek; Planning, establishment and measurement a test field for the calibration of photogrammetric airborne imaging systems) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Î ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏία με ÏÏήÏη αεÏομηÏανÏν αÏοÏελεί μια θεμελιÏδη ÏεÏνική για Ïην
ÏαÏαγÏγή αξιÏÏιÏÏηÏ, γεÏμεÏÏικά ακÏιβοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÎµÏ
κÏίνειαÏ, ÏληÏοÏοÏίαÏ. ΠβÎλÏιÏÏη ÏÏήÏη αÏ
ÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ειδικÏÏεÏα ÏήμεÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏηÏÎ¹Î±ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÏεικÏνιÏηÏ, εÏιÏÏÎÏει Ïη γÏήγοÏη ÏÏ
λλογή ÏÏοιÏείÏν, Ïην Ï
Ïηλή ακÏίβεια, Ïο Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Ï ÎµÏίÏεδο αÏ
ÏομαÏοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ μια ÏεÏάÏÏια αÏξηÏη ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹Î¬ÏοÏÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÏημονικÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ.
ΠαξιοÏιÏÏία ÏμÏÏ, η ακÏίβεια και η αÏοδοÏικÏÏηÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½Î±ÎÏÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏίαÏ
βαÏίζονÏαι, αÏÏικά ÏÏη βαθμονÏμηÏη ÏÏν Ï
ÏÎ·Î»Î®Ï ÏοιÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î´ÎµÎºÏÏν και ÎÏειÏα ÏÏην
αÏ
ÏÏηÏή εÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏÏν δεδομÎνÏν. ÎÎ½Ï Î»Î¿Î¹ÏÏν οι αναλογικÎÏ Î±ÎµÏοÏÏÏογÏαÏικÎÏ Î¼Î·ÏανÎÏ ÏÏεδÏν ÏάνÏα βαθμονομοÏνÏαι ÏÏο εÏγαÏÏήÏιο, οι διαδικαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î²Î±Î¸Î¼Î¿Î½ÏμηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏηÏιακÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν βÏίÏκονÏαι ακÏμα Ï
ÏÏ Î±Î½Î¬ÏÏÏ
ξη. Îι ÏÏοκλήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏειÏÎÏÏονÏαι ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξή ÏοÏ
Ï, αÏοÏοÏν Ïην εκÏενή Ïοικιλία και ιδιομοÏÏία ÏÏν ÏηÏιακÏν μηÏανÏν και Ïην ανάγκη για Ïη ÏαδιομεÏÏική βαθμονÏμηÏή ÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÎÏα αÏÏ Ïην ακÏιβή γεÏμεÏÏική βαθμονÏμηÏη ÏλοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ.
Îι ÏελεÏ
ÏÎ±Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏÏÏο ÏεÏνολογικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹Î½Î¿ÏομίεÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î· άμεÏη γεÏαναÏοÏά με ÏÏήÏη
ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν GPS/INS, αλλά και η ανεÏάÏκεια ÏÏν εÏγαÏÏηÏιακÏν μεθÏδÏν να
ÏÏ
μÏεÏιλάβοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏαγμαÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιÏειÏηÏιακÎÏ ÏÏ
Î½Î¸Î®ÎºÎµÏ (airborne conditions), κάνοÏ
ν Ïη βαθμονÏμηÏη με ÏÏήÏη ÏεδίοÏ
ελÎγÏοÏ
(Test field calibration) μια εναλλακÏική, αλλά και αÏαÏαίÏηÏη ÏÏοÏÎγγιÏη για Ïον καθοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαμÎÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
εÏÏÏεÏικοÏ
ÏÏοÏαναÏολιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏν μηÏανÏν λήÏηÏ.
Î Ï
ÏÏθεÏη ÏοÏ
μελεÏήθηκε ÏÏην εÏγαÏία αÏ
Ïή, αÏοÏοÏÏε καÏαÏÏÎ¬Ï Ïην αναγκαιÏÏηÏα και Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα καÏαÏκεÏ
Î®Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏεδίοÏ
ελÎγÏοÏ
, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοδιαγÏαÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
.
ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα, Îγινε ÎÏεÏ
να ÏÏην Ï
ÏάÏÏοÏ
Ïα βιβλιογÏαÏία ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïην ÎκÏαÏη και
γεÏμεÏÏία ενÏÏ ÏεδίοÏ
, Ïο ÏÏÏÏο Ï
λοÏοίηÏÎ®Ï ÏοÏ
και Ïη μÎθοδο μÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
. ΣÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, η μεθοδολογία για Ïη βαθμονÏμηÏη ÏÏν αναλογικÏν και ÏηÏιακÏν μηÏανÏν, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Îνα ÏÎÏοιο Ïεδίο ελÎγÏοÏ
, αλλά και η ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏν με Ïη βαθμονÏμηÏη εÏγαÏÏηÏίοÏ
(αÏÏ Ïην οÏοία Ï
ÏάÏÏει ήδη
ÏÏÏÏÏαÏο ÏιÏÏοÏοιηÏικÏ), αÏοÏÎλεÏαν ανÏικείμενο ÏαÏάλληλÏν διÏλÏμαÏικÏν εÏγαÏιÏν ÏÏν ÎÏ
νογαλά Î. και ΠαÏαδÏÏοÏ
λοÏ
Î. (2010). Τα δεδομÎνα ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν,
ÏÏοÎÏÏονÏαν αÏÏ Î»Î®Ïη με Ïην αναλογική ÏÏÏογÏαÏική μηÏανή RMK TOP 15 ÏÎ·Ï Zeiss και Ïην ÏηÏιακή DMC ÏÎ·Ï Zeiss/Intergraph.
Το Ïεδίο ελÎγÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎÏγαÏÏηÏίοÏ
ΦÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÎΤΠÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎεÏÏοβίοÏ
ΠολÏ
ÏεÏνείοÏ
, ÏοÏ
δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκε Ïε ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία με Ïην εÏαιÏεία Geomatics A.E., ÏÏο
ÎαÏÏιο ÎÏÏικήÏ, αÏÎδειξε Ïελικά ÏÏι Îνα μÏνιμο Ïεδίο ÏÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏ, είναι εÏικÏÏ Î½Î± καÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏεί και μÏοÏεί να αÏοÏελÎÏει Îνα αÏοδοÏικÏ, ιδιαίÏεÏα αÏ
ÏομαÏοÏοιημÎνο και
αξιÏÏιÏÏο εÏγαλείο για Ïη βαθμονÏμηÏη ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν αεÏοÏÏÏογÏάÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏην Îλλάδα.
Îξίζει ÏÎÎ»Î¿Ï Î½Î± αναÏεÏθεί, ÏÏι η ίδÏÏ
Ïη ÏοÏ
ÏεδίοÏ
αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï Î±ÏοÏελεί Ïην ÏÏÏÏη οÏ
ÏιαÏÏική
ÏÏοÏÏάθεια ÏÏη ÏÏÏα και είναι αναγκαίο να ÏημαÏοδοÏήÏει Ïην αÏÏή, ÏÏÏε η ελληνική
εÏιÏÏημονική κοινÏÏηÏα, αλλά και οι ιδιÏÏικοί ÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏοÏ
δÏαÏÏηÏιοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏο Ïεδίο ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏογÏαμμεÏÏίαÏ, να καÏανοήÏοÏ
ν Ïα οÏÎλη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏαÏÎ¾Î·Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏÎÏοιοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
και ÎÏÏι να ÏÏηÏίξοÏ
ν, να ÏÏ
νÏηÏήÏοÏ
ν, να ενιÏÏÏÏοÏ
ν και να αναÏÏÏξοÏ
ν ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ Ïο Ïλο αÏ
ÏÏ
εγÏείÏημα. Notes: Airborne photogrammetry constitutes a fundamental technique for the production of reliable,
geometrically accurate and high-resolution information. The most optimal use of this
technology, and more specifically in our days of digital imaging, allows for fast data
collection, high accuracy, high level of automation, and has caused huge increase in various
scientific applications.
But the reliability, the accuracy and the efficiency of airborne photogrammetry are based,
initially on the calibration of high quality sensors and then on the rigorous processing of data.
While the analog airborne cameras are almost always calibrated in the laboratory, the
calibration processes of the digital photogrammetric airborne imaging systems are under
development. The challenges caused by their growth, pertain to the extensive variety and
peculiarity of digital machines and to the need for their radiometric calibration, not
mentioning the precise geometric calibration of the whole system.
However, the last technological innovations, such as direct georeferencing with the use of
GPS/INS systems, and also the insufficiency of laboratory methods to the real operational
conditions (i.e. airborne conditions) into account, make the test field (Test field calibration) an
alternative, but also an essential approach for the determination of the parameters of the
interior orientation of the cameras.
The main aim of the present thesis was to study the necessity and the feasibility of the
construction of a test field, as well as its detailed specifications. Consequently, the existing
literature was examined, with the extent and the geometry of the test fields in mind, its
establishment and the measurement method for the determination of the co-ordinates of the
points. Then, a methodology for the calibration of the analogue and digital cameras using
such a test field was developed, and, in addition, the comparison of the results with the
laboratory calibration (available through a recent calibration certificate), via two parallel
diploma theses (Xynogalas, 2010; Papadopoulos, 2010). The image data used, were acquired
by the analogue RMK TOP 15 of Zeiss and the digital DMC of Zeiss/Intergraph cameras.
The test field of the Laboratory of Photogrammetry of the School of Rural and Surveying
Engineering of NTUA (National Technical University of Athens), was constructed in
collaboration with the company Geomatics A.E., in Lavrion area of Attica, and proved that a
permanent field as this is feasible, and can constitute an efficient, particularly automated and
reliable tool for the calibration of airborne systems in Greece.
Finally it is worth mentioning that the establishment of this test field constitutes the first
essential effort in our country and we hope it signals the beginning, for the Greek scientific
community, but also the private institutions active in the field of photogrammetry, to
comprehend the benefits of the existence of such a work and thus they should contribute to its
maintainance, support and further development of all this effort.
Link: http://www.mediafire.com/?ndvjivb6mzbxczc
http://www.humyo.com/FLZmCrQ/MyStudents_Theses%20%26%20Dissertations/DIPLOMATIKH_Filiopoulos.pdf?a=Y5QyhnonCYY
| |
2009 |
ฮ ฮฃฮตฮฏฮดฮฟฯ (2009) ฮฯฯ ฯฮฟ GPS ฯฯฮฟ GALILEO: ฮฮนฮฑ ฮฃฯ
ฮณฮบฯฮนฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฮฝฮฌฮปฯ
ฯฮท ฯฮทฯ ฮฮตฯฮผฮตฯฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฯฯฮดฮฟฯฮทฯ ฯฯฮฝ ฮดฯฮฟ ฮฃฯ
ฯฯฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮฟฯฯ
ฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฮฮฝฯฮฟฯฮนฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯฯฮฟฮฝ ฮฮปฮปฮฑฮดฮนฮบฯ ฮงฯฯฮฟ (Diploma Thesis in Greek; From GPS to GALILEO. A comparative analysis of geometrical accuracy of the two positioning satellite systems over the territory of Greece) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: The purpose of this work is a comparative study of the forthcoming
European satellite system GALILEO and the existing American satellite
system GPS. Specifically, the two systems are compared in terms of their
geometrical accuracy using geometric quality indicators â the so called
Dilution of Precision factors, DOP over the territory of Greece. Similar
investigations have been performed in the past which have shown such
comparisons of the levels of geometric accuracy of the two systems from the
worldwide point of view. As already mentioned the GALILEO satellite system
is still in its development phase. Therefore, in order to simulate its various
operation aspects, it was necessary to model the satellite orbits of the system
using the designing parameters that have been prescribed by the European
Space Agency. For that purpose, we used the modeling software package
Satellite Tool Kit (STK). At the same time, using the STK models we also
made similar simulation for the existing system GPS and also examined the
combination of the two systems.Specifically, we created three scenarios. The
first scenario involved using only the satellites of GALILEO. The second
scenario involved only the satellite of GPS. The third scenario represented
simultaneous operation and use of GPS and GALILEO. The STK software
provided the ability to export various numerical results in the form of
geometric indicators for the whole area of Greece. Of the various geometric
indicators we focused especially on the PDOP factors. In order to draw
conclusions on the PDOP factors from the three scenarios, we used the
software MATLAB. We also used the ArcGIS software to create a number of
thematic maps which illustrate the spatial variation of the PDOP factors
throughout Greece. These maps reflect the change in PDOP throughout the
Greek territory at that a given times 30 minutes apart.
MIRROR LINK to obtain a copy: http://download577.mediafire.com/xzyyddrvg1fg/y5mg5cnmztj/seidosg_galileo.pdf Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨΠ- ÎνÏικείμενο ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η ÏÏ
γκÏιÏική μελÎÏη ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏ
καÏαÏκεÏ
ή εÏ
ÏÏÏαÏÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GALILEO και ÏοÏ
ήδη
Ï
ÏάÏÏονÏÎ¿Ï Î±Î¼ÎµÏικάνικοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS. ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα, Ïα
δÏο ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην γεÏμεÏÏική ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÎºÏίβεια με ÏÏήÏη
δεικÏÏν γεÏμεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¹ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï â DOP ÏÏον ÎµÎ»Î»Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο. ΠαÏÏμοιεÏ
ÎÏεÏ
Î½ÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιηθεί διεθνÏÏ, εξάγονÏÎ±Ï Î±ÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα για Ïα
εÏίÏεδα γεÏμεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏν δÏο ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν Ïε ÏαγκÏÏμιο εÏίÏεδο.
ÎÏÏÏ Î®Î´Î· αναÏÎÏθηκε Ïο δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GALILEO βÏίÏκεÏαι ακÏμα
ÏÏη ÏάÏη καÏαÏκεÏ
Î®Ï ÏοÏ
. Î©Ï ÎµÎº ÏοÏÏοÏ
, ÏÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να ÏÏοÏομοιÏθεί η
λειÏοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
ήÏαν αÏαÏαίÏηÏη η μονÏελοÏοίηÏη ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏοÏικÏν
ÏÏοÏιÏν ÏοÏ
εν λÏÎ³Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï Î²Î¬Ïει ÏÏν ÏÏοδιαγÏαÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν
ανακοινÏθεί αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏμÏÎ´Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏ
ÏÏÏαÏκÎÏ Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏήμαÏοÏ. Îια Ïην
διεξαγÏγή ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ λÏÎ³Ï Î¼Î¿Î½ÏελοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκε Ïο
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏακÎÏο Satellite Tool Kit (STK). ΤαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονα, με Ïη ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
STK μονÏελοÏοιήÏαμε και Ïο Ï
ÏάÏÏον ÏÏÏÏημα GPS.ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα,
δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκαν ÏÏία ÏενάÏια. Το ÏÏÏÏο ÏενάÏιο ÏεÏιλάμβανε ÏÏήÏη μÏνο
ÏÏν δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
GALILEO. Το δεÏÏεÏο αÏοÏοÏÏε μÏνο Ïο μονÏÎλο ÏÏν
δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν ÏοÏ
GPS. Το ÏÏίÏο ανÏιÏÏοιÏοÏÏε Ïε ÏαÏ
ÏÏÏÏονη λειÏοÏ
Ïγία και
ÏÏήÏη ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν GPS και GALILEO.Το λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ STK ÏαÏείÏε Ïην
δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα να εξάγοÏ
με ÏιμÎÏ Ïε μοÏÏή δεικÏÏν γεÏμεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¹ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï DOP για
Ïλη Ïην ÎκÏαÏη ÏοÏ
ÎµÎ»Î»Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
. ÎÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏιμÎÏ ÏÏν δεικÏÏν ÏοÏ
Ïο
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¾Î¬Î³ÎµÎ¹, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκαν για Ïην ÏÏαÏιÏÏική εÏεξεÏγαÏία, κÏ
ÏίÏÏ
αÏ
ÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
δείκÏη γεÏμεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¹ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï PDOP. Îια να εξάγοÏ
με ÏÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα
ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏο δείκÏη PDOP ÏÏν ÏÏιÏν ÏεναÏίÏν, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏαμε Ïο λογιÏμικÏ
MATLAB. ΣÏην ÏÏ
νÎÏεια ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏαμε Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ArcGIS για να
αÏεικονίÏοÏ
με Ïη ÏÏÏική μεÏαβολή ÏοÏ
δείκÏη PDOP. ÎÏÏι δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκαν
διάÏοÏοι θεμαÏικοί ÏάÏÏεÏ, με βάÏη Ïον δείκÏη PDOP. Îι ÏάÏÏÎµÏ Î±Ï
Ïοί
αÏεικονίζοÏ
ν Ïη μεÏαβολή ÏοÏ
PDOP για Ïλο Ïον ÎµÎ»Î»Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο Ïε
ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη ÏÏονική ÏÏιγμή. Îι ÏÏονικÎÏ ÏÏιγμÎÏ ÏοÏ
εÏιλÎÏθηκαν, αÏÎÏοÏ
ν
μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
Ï 30â.
|
![]() | |
2008 |
M ฮฯฯฯฮฟฯ (2008) ฮฃฯฮณฮบฯฮนฯฮท ฮฮฟฮณฮนฯฮผฮนฮบฯฮฝ WEB GIS [english title: Drosos, M. (2008) - Comparison of WEB GIS software suites] ฮฮตฯฮฑฯฯฯ
ฯฮนฮฑฮบฮฎ ฮฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ ฯฯฮฑ ฯฮปฮฑฮฏฯฮนฮฑ ฯฮฟฯ
ฮ.ฮ .ฮ.ฮฃ. โฮฮตฯฯฮปฮทฯฮฟฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎโ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ, 173 ฯฮตฮป. [Graduate Thesis, Inter-departmental graduate programme in Geoinformatics, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: The main subject of this thesis is the analysis and study of Geographic
Information System services via the web, known as Web GIS services. The
analysis has been carried out through a process of comparison between three
software products of Geographic Information Systems. Those products are the
most powerful products for the production of GIS applications and they
respectively represent three of the most powerful companies which are activated
in the software market.
The products that are compared are ArcGIS Server of ESRI company,
Geomedia WebMap Professional of Intergraph company and MapGuide Open
Source of Autodesk company. The process of comparison has been based on
bibliographic reports, internet sources but also from personal experience via the
use of those softwares. The comparison results and all the bibliographic research
led to very useful conclusions with regard to the development, the existing
situation and the future of Web GIS, results that are greatly analyzed in the
present thesis.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏÏÏο ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏοÏελεί η ανάλÏ
Ïη και μελÎÏη ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν
ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν μÎÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
μÎÏα αÏÏ Î¼Î¯Î±
διαδικαÏία ÏÏγκÏιÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î¼ÎµÏα Ïε ÏÏία λογιÏμικά ÏαÏαγÏÎ³Î®Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν
ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν. Î ÏÏκειÏαι για Ïα ιÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏεÏα εÏγαλεία ÏαÏαγÏγήÏ
εÏαÏμογÏν ÎΣΠÏοÏ
δÏαÏÏηÏιοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÏην αγοÏά και ανÏιÏÏοÏÏÏεÏοÏ
ν ÏÏειÏ
Î¼ÎµÎ³Î¬Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
διαδÏαμαÏίζοÏ
ν οÏ
ÏιαÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏλο ÏÏην εξÎλιξη και ανάÏÏÏ
ξη
ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν διαÏείÏιÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏίαÏ.
Τα λογιÏμικά ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
γκÏίνονÏαι είναι Ïα ArcGIS Server ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ESRI,
Geomedia WebMap Professional ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Intergraph και MapGuide Open
Source ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï Autodesk. ΠδιαδικαÏία ÏÏγκÏιÏÎ·Ï ÎÏει βαÏιÏÏεί Ïε
βιβλιογÏαÏικÎÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏÎÏ, ÏηγÎÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο διαδίκÏÏ
ο αλλά και αÏÏ ÏÏοÏÏÏική
εμÏειÏία ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏμικÏν. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏγκÏιÏÎ·Ï Î±Î»Î»Î¬
και Ïλη η βιβλιογÏαÏική ÎÏεÏ
να οδήγηÏαν Ïε ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏÏήÏιμα ÏÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα
ÏÏεÏικά με Ïην εξÎλιξη, Ïην Ï
ÏιÏÏάμενη καÏάÏÏαÏη και Ïο μÎλλον ÏÏν Web GIS
και Ïα οÏοία αναλÏονÏαι διεξοδικά ÏÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα εÏγαÏία.
|
|
ฮ ฮฮทฮผฮฟฯฮฟฯฮปฮฟฯ
(2008) ฮฃฯ
ฮณฮบฯฮนฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮผฮตฮปฮญฯฮท Online ฮฅฯฮทฯฮตฯฮนฯฮฝ ฮผฮตฯฮตฯฮตฮพฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ ฮดฮตฮดฮฟฮผฮญฮฝฯฮฝ GPS [ english title: Dimopoulou, M. (2008) - โA Comparative study of various online services for the post-processing of GPS dataโ] ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: GPS is a Global Positioning System developed by the United States Department of Defense. It is used in numerous applications, such as global navigation, mapping, surveying and other scientific projects, seismology, synchronization of communications etc. Its principle of operation is similar with that of âgeodetic resectionâ and the determination of position is achieved by processing measurements of distances from the users station to 4 or more satellites with known positions. The GPS consists of 3 major segments, the space segment, which comprises the orbiting satellites, the control segment and the user segment.
Each GPS satellite broadcasts a radio signal in the region of microwaves constituted from frequencies, shaped from digital codes, and a navigation message, which is transmitted at least two distinct codes, the C/A code which is available to the public and the P code that is encrypted (anti-spoofing operation), and it can only be decrypted by the American Army and other specialized users. There are totally five frequencies in use (L1-L5) and the reason is that they can be used to correct the ionospheric delay.
For the position calculations GPS measurements of code or phase are used depending on the user accuracy requirements and the available receiver equipment used. For the elimination of the errors in the GPS measurements linear combinations of observations are used, such as simple differences between satellites, simple differences between receivers, double differences, triple differences and the ionospheric-free linear combination (for meas. in L1 & L2 freq.) The errors are separated in three categories: those caused by satellites, those caused by receivers and those caused by the distribution of signal. A position can be determined using absolute or relative positioning. The second can be performed either in real-time or by post-processing. The techniques that can be applied in the field are variations of the so-called static, fast-static, stop-and-go kinematic, and the kinematic techniques and as of lately using virtual reference stations.
In step with the ongoing developments of GPS various organizations, e.g. mapping agencies, provide nowadays advanced GPS products and data. One of these is the IGS, which assembles and analyzes data collected from a extensive worldwide network of permanent stations tracking continuously the GPS and GLONASS satellites. Their processing of the collected data results in various products, that are available to the users free of charge. These products are the orbital ephemerides and the satellite and station clocks, the parameters of earth rotation, the stations coordinates and velocities and, finally, the atmospheric parameters.
In Greece has been designed and is already operating the so called Hellenic Positioning Service or HEPOS, which is based on a network of permanent stations located throughout the country and are tracking continuously the GPS satellites. Based on the processing of these measurements, HEPOS can provide various services for applications of differential GPS and geodetic relative positioning in real-time or for post-processing.
In step with the development of technology and GPS, various on-line services have been established worldwide, which process GPS measurements and send the results to the interested users via internet. The general operating concept in such services has 3 major steps: the data uploading, the data processing and the forwarding of the results to the user.
OPUS (Online Positioning User Service) is one of these services that is provided by the US National Geodetic Service. The submitted data must have a duration between 2 and 24 hours and must contain observations in both L1 & L2 frequencies. The results are expressed in Cartesian coordinates in both systems, ITRF00 and NAD83. The software it uses for the processing is called PAGES. The precision of results is expressed through the peak-to-peak errors, that follow the coordinates. Improvement of precision is achieved through the usage of datasets with greater duration or using final IGS products.
OPUS-RS is provided by the same organization and is nearly identical to the previous one, with regard to the way the user interacts with the service. Fundamental point of difference is the duration of observations that can be processed, which can be between 15 min and 4 hours for RS. That service provides the capability of relative processing too, using 9 reference stations. The basic software used for this type of processing is RSGPS. The data must contain observations in L1, L2, P1 & P2.
One similar service is SCOUT (Scripps Coordinate Update Tool), which is offered by the Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) located at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP) on the Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO) campus of the University of California at San Diego. One particular characteristic of this service is that it accepts data only from specific models of GPS receivers, due to the requirements imposed by the GAMIT software that is used for the processing. As reference stations it uses the 3 nearest to the user available stations. The results are expressed in Cartesian coordinates in the ITRF05 system and they are sent to the user via e-mail. The observations must have a duration longer than1 hour.
The AUSLIG Online GPS Processing Service or AUSPOS is provided by the Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (AUSLIG) in Camberra and processes files with phase and code observations in both L1 & L2 frequencies and with a duration greater than 2 hours. The MicroCosm software is used for the processing. The results are calculated using the technique of Double Differences, using observations from 3 reference stations. They are expressed in ITRF and GDA94 systems.
Finally, there is the Precise Point Positioning or PPP service offered by the Geodetic Survey Division of the Department of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), which differs considerably from the others in so far as that provides estimated coordinates using absolute positioning. The data can be collected from kinematic or static mode and the results are expressed in the ITRF05 and NAD83(CSRS) systems. The maximum duration for observations is 6 hours, with no minimum duration specified as requirement. The user-supplied file must contain GPS observations in both L1 & L2 frequencies.
For the experimental comparison of these services we used data collected from actual stations, suitably pre-processed so that to conform with the data form and file requirements imposed by these services, and finally submitted the same data to all services. From the results it is obviously that the accuracy which can achieved by the software used by each of these services is very satisfactory, while no important discrepancies were noted in the results obtained from the same data. That leads us to the conclusion that the know-how and the technology, which are available at this time, can satisfy even the most demanding users of the GPS system.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
Το GPS είναι Îνα ΠαγκÏÏμιο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκε αÏÏ Ïο Î¥Ï. ÎμÏ
Î½Î±Ï ÏÏν Î.Î .Î. ÎÏίÏκει ÏολλÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Î· ÏαγκÏÏμια ÏλοήγηÏη, ÏαÏÏογÏαÏικÎÏ, ÏοÏογÏαÏικÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÏημονικÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏίεÏ, μελÎÏη ÏειÏμÏν, ÏÏ
γÏÏονιÏμÏÏ ÏηλεÏικοινÏνιακÏν δικÏÏÏν κ.α. ΠαÏÏή λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
είναι ÏαÏÏμοια με αÏ
Ïή ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ»Î±ÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Â«Î³ÎµÏδαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¿ÏιÏθοÏομίαÏ», και ο ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏÏ Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι με εÏεξεÏγαÏία μεÏÏήÏεÏν αÏοÏÏάÏεÏν αÏÏ Ïον δÎκÏη ÏÏÎ¿Ï 4 ή ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
βÏίÏκονÏαι Ïε γνÏÏÏÎÏ Î¸ÎÏειÏ. Το GPS διακÏίνεÏαι Ïε ÏÏία λειÏοÏ
Ïγικά μÎÏη, Ïο διαÏÏημικÏ, ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιλαμβάνει ÏοÏ
Ï 32 ενεÏγοÏÏ Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, Ïο εÏίγειο, ÏοÏ
αÏοÏά ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ ÎµÎ»ÎγÏοÏ
, και Ïο Ïμήμα ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν.
Îάθε δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎºÏÎμÏει Îνα ÏαδιοÏήμα ÏÏην ÏεÏιοÏή ÏÏν μικÏοκÏ
μάÏÏν αÏοÏελοÏμενο αÏÏ ÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎµÏ ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î¼Î¿ÏÏÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏηÏιακοÏÏ ÎºÏÎ´Î¹ÎºÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Îνα μήνÏ
μα ÏλοήγηÏηÏ, Ïο οÏοίο εκÏÎμÏεÏαι καÏâ ελάÏιÏÏο Ïε δÏο διακÏιÏοÏÏ ÎºÏδικεÏ, Ïον C/A, ÏοÏ
είναι ελεÏθεÏα διαθÎÏιμο ÏÏο κοινÏ, και Ïον Ρ, ÏοÏ
είναι κÏÏ
ÏÏογÏαÏημÎÎ½Î¿Ï (λειÏοÏ
Ïγία «anti-spoofing»), και η αÏοκÏÏ
ÏÏογÏάÏηÏή ÏοÏ
γίνεÏαι μÏνο αÏÏ Ïον ÎμεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ±Î½Î¹ÎºÏ Î£ÏÏαÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ κάÏοιοÏ
Ï Î±ÎºÏμα εξειδικεÏ
μÎνοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏεÏ. ΣÏ
νολικά ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι ÏÎνÏε ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎµÏ (L1-L5) και ο λÏÎ³Î¿Ï Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎµÏιμÏÏηÏÎ±Ï ÏεÏιÏÏοÏÎÏÏν ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¯Î±Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η διÏÏθÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î¹Î¿Î½Î¿ÏÏαιÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Ï
ÏÏÎÏηÏηÏ.
Îια Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÏο GPS ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÏδικα ή ÏÎÏοÏ
ÏÎ±Ï ÏάÏηÏ. Îια Ïην εξάλειÏη ÏÏν διαÏÏÏÏν ÏÏαλμάÏÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏÏο GPS ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι οι γÏαμμικοί ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμοί ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν αÏκεÏοί ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμοί, ÏÏÏÏ Î· αÏλή διαÏοÏά μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν, η αÏλή διαÏοÏά μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï Î´ÎµÎºÏÏν, η διÏλή διαÏοÏά, η ÏÏιÏλή και ο γÏαμμικÏÏ ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏμÏÏ Î±ÏαλλαγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïην ιονÏÏÏαιÏα (μεÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï L1 και L2). Τα ÏÏάλμαÏα διακÏίνονÏαι Ïε ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±ÏηγοÏίεÏ: αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι ÏÏο δÎκÏη και αÏ
Ïά ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι ÏÏη διάδοÏη ÏÏν ÏημάÏÏν. Î ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη GPS μÏοÏεί να γίνει είÏε με αÏÏλÏ
Ïο ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïε με ÏÏεÏικÏ. Î ÏÏεÏικÏÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÏίνεÏαι Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏÏνοÏ
και μεÏεÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν. Îνάλογα με Ïη ÏεÏνική ÏοÏ
εÏαÏμÏζεÏαι ÏÏην ÏÏαιθÏο διακÏίνονÏαι ο ÏÏαÏικÏÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμÏÏ, ο γÏήγοÏοÏ, ο ÏεÏ
δοκινημαÏικÏÏ, ο κινημαÏικÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η ÏÏήÏη εικονικÏν ÏÏαθμÏν.
ΠαÏάλληλα με Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
GPS ιδÏÏθηκαν διάÏοÏοι ÏοÏÎµÎ¯Ï ÏαÏοÏÎ®Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν και ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν GPS. ÎÎ½Î±Ï Î±ÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏοÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η IGS, η οÏοία ÏÏ
γκενÏÏÏνει και αναλÏει δεδομÎνα GPS αÏÏ Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο μÏνιμÏν ÏÏαθμÏν ÏαÏακολοÏθηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν GPS και GLONASS. ÎÏÏ Ïην εÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏοκÏÏÏοÏ
ν Ïα διάÏοÏα ÏÏοÏÏνÏα ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏει δÏÏεάν ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν αÏ
ÏÏν και αÏοÏοÏν ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏημεÏÎ¯Î´ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïα ÏÏονÏμεÏÏα δοÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏν και ÏÏαθμÏν, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³Î·Ï, ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν ÏÏαθμÏν ÏοÏ
δικÏÏοÏ
καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏÏÏηÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹, ÏÎλοÏ, ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏμοÏÏαιÏικÎÏ ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï.
ΣÏην Îλλάδα, ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏοÏ
Îâ ÎΠΣ και για ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎÏημαÏολογίοÏ
εγκαÏαÏÏάθηκε και λειÏοÏ
Ïγεί Ïο HEPOS. Î ÏÏκειÏαι για Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο μÏνιμÏν ÏÏαθμÏν καÏανεμημÎνÏν Ïε ολÏκληÏη Ïη ÏÏÏα, οι οÏοίοι ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιοÏν αδιάκοÏÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏο ÏÏÏÏημα GPS. ÎαÏιÏμÎνο ÏÏην εÏεξεÏγαÏία αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν μεÏÏήÏεÏν, Ïο HEPOS εξÏ
ÏηÏεÏεί εÏαÏμογÎÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ, ακÏμη και Ïε ÏÏαγμαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο.
ΠαÏάλληλα με Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
GPS, ιδÏÏθηκαν ÏαγκοÏμίÏÏ Î¿ÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ online Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÏεξεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î¼ÎµÏÏήÏεÏν GPS οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î±ÏοÏÏÎλλοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη μÎÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
. ΠγενικÏÏ ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÎºÏίνεÏαι Ïε ÏÏία ÏÏάδια, Ïην αÏοÏÏολή αÏÏ Ïον ÏÏήÏÏη, μÎÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÏÏοÏ
, ÏÏν αÏÏείÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν, Ïην εÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïην αÏοÏÏολή ÏÏον ÏÏήÏÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïαν.
Î OPUS είναι μια αÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏαÏÎÏεÏαι αÏÏ Ïην Îθνική ÎεÏδαιÏική Î¥ÏηÏεÏία ÏÏν ÎÎ Î. Τα αÏÏεία ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏοβάλλονÏαι ÏÏÎÏει να είναι διάÏÎºÎµÎ¹Î±Ï 2 ÏÏ 24 ÏÏÏν και να ÏεÏιÎÏοÏ
ν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎµÏ L1 και L2. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
εκδίδει εκÏÏάζονÏαι Ïε καÏÏεÏιανÎÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ITRF00 και NAD83. Îια Ïον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ PAGES. ΠακÏίβεια ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν εκÏÏάζεÏαι μÎÏα αÏÏ Ïα peak-to-peak ÏÏάλμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νοδεÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνεÏ. ÎελÏίÏÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎµÏιÏÏ
γÏάνεÏαι μÎÏα αÏÏ Î¼ÎµÎ³Î±Î»ÏÏεÏη διάÏκεια ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ αÏÏ Î´Î¹Î±Î¸ÎµÏιμÏÏηÏα ÏελικÏν IGS ÏÏοÏÏνÏÏν.
Î OPUS_RS ÏαÏÎÏεÏαι αÏÏ Ïον ίδιο ÏοÏÎα και είναι ÏανομοιÏÏÏ
Ïη με Ïην ÏÏοηγοÏμενη, ÏÏον αÏοÏά Ïην διεÏαÏή με Ïον ÏÏήÏÏη. ÎαÏικά Ïημεία διαÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏν δÏο είναι η διάÏκεια ÏÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν ÏοÏ
μÏοÏεί να εÏεξεÏγαÏÏεί η RS, η οÏοία κÏ
μαίνεÏαι μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï 15 λεÏÏÏν και 4 ÏÏÏν. Îαι αÏ
Ïή εÏαÏμÏζει ÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, με ÏÏήÏη 9 ÏÏαθμÏν αναÏοÏάÏ. Το βαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί είναι Ïο RSGPS. Îι ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎÏει να ÏεÏιÎÏοÏ
ν και ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÎÏÏεÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÎµÎ´Î¿Î¼ÎνÏν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν (L1, L2, P1, P2).
Îια ακÏμη ÏαÏÏμοια Ï
ÏηÏεÏία είναι η SCOUT. Îνα ιδιαίÏεÏο ÏαÏακÏηÏιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏι δÎÏεÏαι δεδομÎνα αÏÏ ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα μονÏÎλα δεκÏÏν, κάÏι ÏοÏ
οÏείλεÏαι ÏÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎµÏεξεÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï GAMIT ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί. Î©Ï ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί ÏοÏ
Ï 3 κονÏινÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏον ÏÏήÏÏη. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα εκÏÏάζονÏαι Ïε καÏÏεÏιανÎÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ITRF05 και αÏοÏÏÎλλονÏαι ÏÏο ÏÏήÏÏη ÏÏην ηλεκÏÏονική διεÏθÏ
νÏη ÏοÏ
ÎÏει οÏίÏει. Îι ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¸Î± ÏÏÎÏει να είναι διάÏÎºÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î±Î»ÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏÏαÏ.
Î AUSPOS ÏαÏÎÏεÏαι αÏÏ Ïην Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (AUSLIG) και εÏεξεÏγάζεÏαι αÏÏεία μεÏÏήÏεÏν ÏάÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κÏδικα ÏÏÎ¹Ï L1 και L2 ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏεÏ, διάÏÎºÎµÎ¹Î±Ï Î¼ÎµÎ³Î±Î»ÏÏεÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν 2 ÏÏÏν. Îια Ïην εÏεξεÏγαÏία ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Ïο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ MicroCosm. Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï Ïην ÏεÏνική ÏÏν ÎιÏλÏν διαÏοÏÏν με ÏÏήÏη ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν αÏÏ 3 ÏÏαθμοÏÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏοÏάÏ. ÎκÏÏάζονÏαι ÏÏο ÏαγκÏÏμιο ITRF ÏÏÏÏημα και ÏÏο GDA94.
ΤÎλοÏ, Ï
ÏάÏÏει και η PPP Ï
ÏηÏεÏία ÏοÏ
Îαναδά, η οÏοία διαÏÎÏει ÏημανÏικά αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÏÏο γεγονÏÏ ÏÏι ÏαÏÎÏει εκÏιμήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏÏλÏ
ÏοÏ
ενÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ. ÎÏεξεÏγάζεÏαι αÏÏείο ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎÏÏονÏαι αÏÏ ÎºÎ¹Î½Î·Î¼Î±ÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î® ÏÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ εκÏÏάζει Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα NAD83(CSRS) και ITRF05. ÎÎγιÏÏη διάÏκεια ÏοÏ
αÏÏείοÏ
ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏεÏν είναι οι 6 ημÎÏεÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï ÎµÎ»Î¬ÏιÏÏη δεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει. Τα αÏÏεία θα ÏÏÎÏει να ÏεÏιÎÏοÏ
ν ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
ÏνÏÏηÏÎµÏ L1 και L2.
Îια Ïην ÏειÏαμαÏική ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι αÏÏεία δεδομÎνÏν αÏÏ ÏÏαγμαÏικοÏÏ ÏÏαθμοÏÏ, καÏάλληλα εÏεξεÏγαÏμÎνα ÏÏÏε να καλÏÏÏοÏ
ν ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏαμÎÏÏοÏ
Ï, Ïα οÏοία Ï
Ïοβλήθηκαν Ïε ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ. ÎÏÏ Ïα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα ÏÏοκÏÏÏει ÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ ακÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÏ
γÏάνονÏαι αÏÏ Ïα λογιÏμικά ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν είναι ικανοÏοιηÏικÎÏ, καθÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι ÏημανÏικÎÏ Î±ÏοκλίÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα. ÎάÏι ÏÎÏοιο οδηγεί ÏÏο ÏÏ
μÏÎÏαÏμα ÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ γνÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ η ÏεÏνολογία ÏοÏ
είναι διαθÎÏÎ¹Î¼ÎµÏ Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να ικανοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν ÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏαιÏηÏικοÏÏ ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ.
| |
2007 |
ฮฯฮฝ/ฮฝฮฟฯ ฮฮทฯฮนฮผฮฌฯฮฟฯ (2007) ฮฯ
ฮฝฮฑฯฯฯฮทฯฮตฯ ฯฮฑฯฮฑฮณฯฮณฮฎฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฑฯฮตฮนฮบฯฮฝฮนฯฮทฯ ฯฮฑฯฯฯฮฝ ฯฮต ฯ
ฯฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮนฯฯฮญฯ ฯฯฮญฯฮทฯ โ ฮฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮฎ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮนฮฟฯฯฮฟฮปฮท ฮฯฮณฯฮฌฯฮฟฯ
[english title: Zisimatos, K. (2007) - โCapabilities for the production and visualization of maps in PDA computers โ An application for the National Technical Universityโs Zografou Campusโ] ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Thesis, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Notes:
|
2006 |
ฮฆ ฮฮฑฮปฮปฮนฮฌฮฝฮฟฯ
(2006) ฮฃฯ
ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฮปฮฑฮฏฯฮนฮฑ ฮฮฝฮฑฯฮฟฯฮฌฯ ฯฯฮท ฮฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฯฯฯฮฟฮฝฮฟฮผฮฏฮฑ-ฮฮน ฮฮนฮตฮธฮฝฮตฮฏฯ ฮฃฯ
ฮผฮฒฮฌฯฮตฮนฯ [english title: Kallianou, F. (2006) โ โReference Systems and Frames in Geodetic Astronomy โ The New Conventionsโ] ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Thesis, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Reference systems and reference frames are used to express positions and velocities of the objects. A reference system is a set of coordinate axes and a specific procedure by which the positions of the objects can be calculated. A reference frame is the realization of the corresponding system. A frame contains the coordinates of a number of points (fiducial points). A reference system can be defined dynamically or kinematically. A reference system which is defined dynamically is based on the form of the equations of motion, while a reference system which is defined kinematically is based on the kinematic behaviour of very distant objects. In classical Newtonian approach both methods are equivalent. In the framework of the General Relativity we can create an hierarchy of reference systems, the global reference systems and the local reference systems. Reference systems can be also defined dynamically or kinematically but the kinematic definition in the case of local reference systems should be very precise in order to avoid misunderstandings.
The reference systems that are in use at the moment are the International Celestial Reference System and the International Terrestrial Reference System. The ICRS has its origin at the vernal Equinox γ and its center at the barycenter of the solar system. It is based on a kinematic definition, according to which the system shows no rotation with respect to a great number of extragalactic objects. In the latest definition the number of these objects is more than 650. The ITRS is a geocentric system which rotates with the Earth. It has the same orientation with the ICRS and its center is the center of mass of the Earth. The X axis points towards the Greenwich meridian. This system is materialized by 800 stations located on about 500 sites, the coordinates of which are determined by satellite geodesy techniques.
Time measurement is essential for astrometry and geodesy. The construction of time scales in the past was based on the rotation of the Earth. From the middle of the 20th century, when the angular velocity of the Earth proved to be unstable, time measurement was based on the duration of the SI second. In the framework of General Relativity, time and space are interelated and time is not anymore an absolute concept. In General Relativity, time is either the Proper time or the Coordinate time. Proper time is the time that is measured by an observerâs clock. Coordinate time is one of the 4 coordinates of the metric tensor which gives the spacetime coordinates of a system. Relativistic time scales are based on proper times of the geocenter and the barycenter and on coordinate times. A great number of relativistic time scales is used today, such as the Barycentric Coordinate Time, the Geocentric Coordinate Time and the Terrestrial Time.
Orientation of reference systems is influenced by the motions of the Earth in space. These motions are: a revolution around the Sun, a rotation around its axis, precession, nutation and polar motion. The rotation of the Earth around the Sun follows a path which is called ecliptic. Due to gravitational forces from the celestial bodies, the plane of the ecliptic is slowly moving in space, changing the position of the vernal equinox. This motion is called planetary precession. The angular velocity of the Earth is also changing and causes a variation in the Length Of Day. Precession is a motion of the rotation axis in space with a period of about 25800 years, which is caused by the lunisolar gravitational forces. Nutation is caused by lunisolar gravitational forces and geophysical procedures which take place in the inner part of the Earth. Both precession and nutation cause a shift of the equinoxes. Several models have been developed to describe precession and nutation. Polar motion is a motion of the rotation axis of the Earth with respect to the Earthâs crust. It is caused by gravitational forces and geophysical phenomena.
New conventions for the transformation of coordinates between reference systems are in use from 1 January 2006. Among these is the definition of a new reference system, together with its origin and its pole, the development of a new precession â nutation model, as well as the use of a new method for the reduction between the celestial and the terrestrial reference systems.
The new reference system is the Intermediate Celestial Reference system and the Intermediate Terrestrial Reference system. The origins of these systems are the Celestial Intermediate Origin and the Terrestrial Intermediate Origin. Both of them are implementations of the non-rotating origin. The pole of these systems is the Celestial Intermediate Pole. These systems have the same orientation with the system of the true equinox, so the intermediate equator and the true equator are the same plane. The only difference between them is the origin of the right ascensions.
The new precession and nutation model IAU2000 is the most precise model that has been developed so far. It involves new expressions for the precession angles and new series for the nutation angles. Its novelty is the presence of planetary components of nutation.
The transformation from the celestial to the terrestrial system can be done following 2 different methods. The first is the classical equinox-based method and uses the Greenwich Sidereal Time, while the second is called CIO method and uses the Intermediate Celestial system and the Earth Rotation Angle. The Earth Rotation Angle is measured on the equator between the Celestial Intermediate Origin and the Terrestrial Intermediate Origin.
The new conventions were implemented in a program developed for the purpose, which performs the reduction from the celestial to the terrestrial reference system using 3 different models for precession and nutation, the precession of Newcomb with nutation of Woolard (1950), the precession of Fricke with the nutation of Wahr (1980) and the latest model IAU2000. Five stars were chosen for the application and their catalog coordinates were xii
taken from the SAO, PPM and Tycho2 catalogs. Polar motion data were taken from IERS bulletins. The results clearly show the improvement in the calculation of the apparent coordinates. It is also evident that star coordinates from old catalogs are not that precise as those of Tycho2.
The improvement in the calculation is due to the use of the non-rotating origin and to the new precession and nutation model.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΠεÏιÏÏήμη ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î±ÏÏολείÏαι με Ïην μÎÏÏηÏη ÏοÏ
μεγÎθοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏοÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏν ανÏικειμÎνÏν. Îια να μÏοÏεί να αÏοδοθεί η ÏληÏοÏοÏία ÏÏν θÎÏεÏν, και καÏâ εÏÎκÏαÏη ÏÏν μεγεθÏν και ÏÏημάÏÏν, θα ÏÏÎÏει να οÏιÏÏοÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν, ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïα οÏοία να Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι οι θÎÏειÏ. ÎÏÏι, οÏίζεÏαι ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν Îνα ÏÏνολο αξÏνÏν, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μια ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη μαθημαÏική διαδικαÏία μÎÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏÎ¿Î¯Î±Ï Ï
ÏολογίζονÏαι οι θÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν ÏημείÏν. Το ÏλαίÏιο ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν Ï
λοÏοιεί Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα και ÏεÏιλαμβάνει ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏÏ
νÏλοÏ
ÏημείÏν αναÏοÏάÏ. ΣήμεÏα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι Ïο ÎιεθνÎÏ ÎÏ
ÏανογÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î£ÏÏÏημα ÎναÏοÏÎ¬Ï (ICRS) και Ïο ÎιεθνÎÏ Îήινο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎναÏοÏÎ¬Ï (IΤRS). Το μεν ÏÏÏÏο ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι για Ïην ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν οÏ
ÏάνιÏν ÏÏμάÏÏν ÎµÎ½Ï Ïο δεÏÏεÏο για Ïην ÏεÏιγÏαÏή ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏημείÏν ÏοÏ
βÏίÏκονÏαι ÏÏη Îη ή κονÏά Ïε αÏ
Ïή. Το ICRS ÎÏει ÏÏ ÎºÎνÏÏο ÏοÏ
Ïο κÎνÏÏο ÏοÏ
Î·Î»Î¹Î±ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½Ï Î· αÏεÏηÏία ÏοÏ
είναι Ïο εαÏÎ¹Î½Ï ÎÏημεÏÎ¹Î½Ï Ïημείο ?. ÎÏίζεÏαι κινημαÏικά ÏÏαθεÏοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î¬Î¾Î¿Î½ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
με βάÏη ÏαÏαÏηÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Î±ÎºÏινÎÏ ÎµÎ¾ÏγαλαξιακÎÏ ÏαδιοÏηγÎÏ. ΥλοÏοιείÏαι αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏεÏιÏÏοÏÎÏÏν ÏÏν 650 ÏÎÏοιÏν ÏηγÏν. Το IΤRS ÎÏει Ïον ίδιο ÏÏοÏαναÏολιÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ Ïο ICRS. Το κÎνÏÏο ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ Ïο κÎνÏÏο Î¼Î¬Î¶Î±Ï Ïη ÎÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½Ï Î¿ Î¬Î¾Î¿Î½Î±Ï Î§ δείÏνει ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïον μεÏημβÏÎ¹Î½Ï ÏοÏ
Greenwich. Το ÏÏÏÏημα αÏ
ÏÏ Ï
λοÏοιείÏαι αÏÏ Îνα δίκÏÏ
ο ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÏν ÏÏν 800 ÏÏαθμÏν, οι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν οÏοίÏν ÏÏοÏδιοÏίζονÏαι με μεθÏδοÏ
Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î³ÎµÏδαιÏίαÏ.
Îι ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎµÏ Î¼ÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏÏνοÏ
ÏαÏαδοÏιακά βαÏίÏÏηκαν ÏÏην ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ΣÏην ÏÏ
νÎÏεια, ÏÏαν αÏοδείÏÏηκε ÏÏι η ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι ομαλή, αναζηÏήθηκαν ÎºÎ»Î¯Î¼Î±ÎºÎµÏ ÏÏÏνοÏ
με ÏÏαθεÏÏ Î¼ÎÏÏο. Την ανάγκη αÏ
Ïή εκÏλήÏÏÏε η καθιÎÏÏÏη ÏÏ Î¼Î¿Î½Î¬Î´Î± μÎÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏνοÏ
ÏοÏ
δεÏ
ÏεÏολÎÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï SI. Îι ÏÏγÏÏÎ¿Î½ÎµÏ Î±ÏαιÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÎºÏÎ¯Î²ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÎµÏÎβαλλαν Ïην καθιÎÏÏÏη κλιμάκÏν ÏÏÏνοÏ
ÏÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎµÎ½Î¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎµÏÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î£ÏεÏικÏÏηÏαÏ. ΣÏμÏÏνα με Ïη θεÏÏία αÏ
Ïή, ο ÏÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïε είναι ιδιοÏÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Ïε είναι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏνοÏ. ΠιδιοÏÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο ÏÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
μεÏÏάει Ïο ÏÏονÏμεÏÏο ενÏÏ ÏαÏαÏηÏηÏή ÎµÎ½Ï Î¿ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï ÏÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ μια ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνη ÏοÏ
μεÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏανÏ
ÏÏή ÏοÏ
δίνει ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏÏοÏÏονικÎÏ ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏημείοÏ
. ΠαÏαδείγμαÏα ÏÏεÏικιÏÏικÏν κλιμάκÏν ÏÏÏνοÏ
αÏοÏελοÏν ο ÎαÏÏ
κενÏÏικÏÏ Î£Ï
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î§ÏÏνοÏ, ο ÎεÏκενÏÏικÏÏ Î£Ï
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½Î¿Ï Î§ÏÏÎ½Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ο ÎÎ®Î¹Î½Î¿Ï Î§ÏÏνοÏ.
Îι κινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
εκÏελεί η Îη Ïαν ÏÏμα εÏηÏεάζοÏ
ν Ïον οÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î»ÏÎ³Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏι μεÏαβάλλονÏαι οι θÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν αξÏνÏν ÏοÏ
Ï. Îι κινήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏοÏ
ν είναι οι εξήÏ: η ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏή γÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïον Îλιο, η κίνηÏη γÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïον άξονα ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏηÏ, η μεÏάÏÏÏÏη, η κλÏνηÏη και η κίνηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏλοÏ
. Î ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏή ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï Î³ÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïον Îλιο γίνεÏαι καÏά Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÏÏοÏÎ¹Î¬Ï ÏοÏ
λÎγεÏαι εκλειÏÏική. ÎÏÎ³Ï Î²Î±ÏÏ
ÏικÏν δÏ
νάμεÏν ÏοÏ
αÏκοÏνÏαι αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï ÏλανήÏεÏ, Ïο εÏίÏεδο ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎºÎ»ÎµÎ¹ÏÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏαÏαμÎνει ÏÏαθεÏÏ ÏÏο ÏÏÏο. ΠμεÏακίνηÏή ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκαλεί μεÏακίνηÏη ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏεÏηÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏν οÏθÏν αναÏοÏÏν. ΠμεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÏην γÏνιακή ÏαÏÏÏηÏα ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ, ÏοÏ
οÏείλονÏαι Ïε βαÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î´Ï
Î½Î¬Î¼ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν οÏ
ÏάνιÏν ÏÏμάÏÏν, Ïε ÏεÏμαÏα και ÏÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î½ÎμοÏ
Ï, ÏÏοκαλοÏν μεÏαβολÎÏ ÏÏο Î¼Î®ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏαÏ. ΠμεÏάÏÏÏÏη οÏείλεÏαι Ïε ÏεληνοηλιακÎÏ Î²Î±ÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ Î´Ï
Î½Î¬Î¼ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏοκαλεί μεÏαÏÏÏιÏη ÏοÏ
ιÏημεÏινοÏ. ΠκλÏνηÏη οÏείλεÏαι ÏÏÏο Ïε βαÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν άλλÏν οÏ
ÏάνιÏν ÏÏμάÏÏν ÏÏο και ÏÏη ÏÏÏÏαÏη ÏοÏ
εÏÏÏεÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ΠκλÏνηÏη ÏÏοκαλεί εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎµÏαÏÏÏιÏη ÏοÏ
ιÏημεÏινοÏ. ΠμεÏάÏÏÏÏη και η κλÏνηÏη ÏεÏιγÏάÏονÏαι με Ïην βοήθεια γÏνιακÏν μεγεθÏν, οι ÏιμÎÏ ÏÏν οÏοίÏν δίνονÏαι αÏÏ Ïο εκάÏÏοÏε μονÏÎλο μεÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏηÏ. ΠκίνηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏλοÏ
είναι η κίνηÏη ÏοÏ
άξονα ÏεÏιÏÏÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎÎ·Ï ÏÏ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïον ÏÎ»Î¿Î¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ. ÎÏείλεÏαι Ïε βαÏÏ
ÏικÎÏ ÎµÏιδÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïε γεÏÏÏ
Ïικά αίÏια.
ÎÎÎµÏ ÏÏ
μβάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼ÎµÏαÏÏοÏÎÏ Î¼ÎµÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î¹ÏÏÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ Ïο 2003 και εÏίÏημα αÏÏίζοÏ
ν να εÏαÏμÏζονÏαι αÏÏ Ïο 2006. Îι νÎÎµÏ Î±Ï
ÏÎÏ ÏÏ
μβάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î±ÏοÏοÏν Îνα νÎο ÏÏÏÏημα αναÏοÏάÏ, με ÏÏήÏη νÎÎ±Ï Î±ÏεÏηÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏλοÏ
, Îνα νÎο και Ïιο ακÏιβÎÏ Î¼Î¿Î½ÏÎλο μεÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏηÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ μια νÎα μÎθοδο μεÏαÏÏημαÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î¼ÎµÏα ÏÏο οÏ
Ïάνιο και Ïο γήινο ÏÏÏÏημα.
Το νÎο ÏÏÏÏημα αναÏοÏÎ¬Ï Î¿Î½Î¿Î¼Î¬Î¶ÎµÏαι ÎÏ
Ïάνιο ÎνδιάμεÏο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎναÏοÏάÏ. ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¿ÏίζεÏαι και Ïο Îήινο ÎνδιάμεÏο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎναÏοÏάÏ. Î ÏÏÎ»Î¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏν δÏο ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν είναι ο ÎÏ
ÏÎ¬Î½Î¹Î¿Ï ÎνδιάμεÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏλοÏ. ΠαÏεÏηÏία ÏοÏ
οÏ
ÏάνιοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ η ÎÏ
Ïάνια ÎνδιάμεÏη αÏεÏηÏία ÎµÎ½Ï Î· αÏεÏηÏία ÏοÏ
γήινοÏ
είναι η Îήινη ÎνδιάμεÏη αÏεÏηÏία. Îι δÏο αÏ
ÏÎÏ Î±ÏεÏηÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î±ÏÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î® ÏÏÏεÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½Î·Ï Î±ÏεÏηÏίαÏ. ΠγÏνιακή διαÏοÏά ÏÏν δÏο αÏεÏηÏιÏν εÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏον ιÏημεÏÎ¹Î½Ï Î´Î¯Î½ÎµÎ¹ Ïην ÎÏνία ΠεÏιÏÏÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ.
Το νÎο μονÏÎλο μεÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏÎÏει ακÏίβεια ÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ¬Î¾Î·Ï ÏÏν 0.2 mas. ΠαÏÎÏονÏαι οι νÎÎµÏ ÎµÎºÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï Î³ÏÎ½Î¯ÎµÏ Î¼ÎµÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏηÏ. ΠκαινοÏομία ÏοÏ
μονÏÎλοÏ
αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏι, για ÏÏÏÏη ÏοÏά, λαμβάνεÏαι Ï
ÏÏÏη η ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏά ÏÏν ÏλανηÏÏν ÏÏον Ï
ÏολογιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ»ÏνηÏηÏ. ÎÏÏι ÏÏο νÎο μονÏÎλο οι γÏÎ½Î¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ»ÏνηÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¯Î½Î¿Î½Ïαι αÏÏ 678 ÏεληνοηλιακοÏÏ ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ 687 ÏλανηÏικοÏÏ ÏÏοÏ
Ï.
ΠμεÏαÏÏημαÏιÏμÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο οÏ
Ïάνιο ÏÏο γήινο ÏÏÏÏημα μÏοÏεί να γίνει ÏλÎον με δÏο μεθÏδοÏ
Ï, Ïην κλαÏική μÎθοδο ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Ïο εαÏÎ¹Î½Ï ÎÏημεÏÎ¹Î½Ï Ïημείο και Ïον αÏÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏνο Greenwich ή Ïην μÎθοδο ÏοÏ
ενδιάμεÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί Ïην ÎÏ
Ïάνια ÎνδιάμεÏη αÏεÏηÏία και Ïην ÎÏνία ΠεÏιÏÏÏοÏÎ®Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎηÏ.
Îι ÏÏ
νÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏν νÎÏν ÏÏ
μβάÏεÏν εξεÏάÏÏηκαν μÎÏÏ ÏÏογÏάμμαÏοÏ, ÏοÏ
αναÏÏÏÏθηκε ÏÏο ÏλαίÏιο ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏγαÏίαÏ, για Ïον μεÏαÏÏημαÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î±ÏÏ Ïο οÏ
Ïάνιο ÏÏο γήινο ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιÏνÏÎ±Ï 3 διαÏοÏεÏικά μονÏÎλα μεÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏηÏ. ÎÏιλÎÏθηκαν 5 άÏÏÏα και 4 ÏÏονικÎÏ ÏÏιγμÎÏ, ÎµÎ½Ï Ïα ÏÏοιÏεία για Ïην κίνηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏλοÏ
ελήÏθηÏαν αÏÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏÏοβλÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï IERS. Îι ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏÏν άÏÏÏÏν ελήÏθηÏαν αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαλÏγοÏ
Ï SAO, PPM και Tycho2.
ÎεÏά αÏÏ ÏÏγκÏιÏη ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν Îγινε ÏανεÏή η βελÏίÏÏη ÏοÏ
ÏαÏÎÏει Ïο νÎο μονÏÎλο μεÏάÏÏÏÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ κλÏνηÏηÏ, καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η εÏίδÏαÏη ÏÏν ÏÏ
νÏεÏαγμÎνÏν ÏÏν καÏαλÏγÏν ÏÏην ακÏίβεια ÏÏν αÏοÏελεÏμάÏÏν.
|
2005 |
ฮ ฮฯฯฯฮฟฯ (2005) ฮฅฯฮทฯฮตฯฮฏฮตฯ ฮฑฮพฮนฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮฮตฯฮณฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฮญฯฮทฯ & Web GIS ฮฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮฎ ฯฯฮฟ ฮฯฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฯ ฮฮญฮฝฯฯฮฟ ฯฮทฯ ฮฮธฮฎฮฝฮฑฯ (Diploma Thesis in Greek; Location-based services and Web GIS) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Thesis, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: The main subject of this thesis is to gain an understanding of the relationship between three different technological fields, the Global Positioning System, the Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Web GIS services, via the huge evolution of the referred scientific area. Due to this fact, a Location Based Service has been produced with area of interest the National Garden, The Panathinaikos Stadium and the greater area. Besides, a Web GIS service is used to regenerate the LBS system with additional information about the area.
The reason for this thesis were the interest and the speculation about the scientific fields of LBS and Web GIS systems, which nowadays, have generated a wide range of application in every day life. This interest in combination with the experience, the knowledge of our professors and the appropriate infrastructure about those scientific fields guided us into building this project.
Basic element for the structure of the specific application was a satellite image of the greater area whereas technological knowledge acquired from three previous theses about similar issues (Tsagaraki, 2002-Georgiou, 2003-Petropoulos, 2005)
The whole project consists of eight chapters, each one dealing with the following respective issues:
Chapters 1-5 are used to introduce the reader in the specific technological area. In particular, they referred to the Global Positioning System, the Geographic Information Systems, the Location Based Services and the Web GIS systems.
Chapter 6 describes the preparation of the application and the graduated formation of the LBS system using the ArcMap and ArcPad software.
Chapter 7 describes the use of the ArcIMS software and the formation of the Web GIS service, a service which have the ability to regenerate the LBS system with additional information about the area.
Finally, chapter 8 presents conclusions about the ArcPad and ArcIMS software, the future tensions about those scientific fields and the applications which can be produced. Furthermore there has been a trial to present thoughts about the future of this thesis and how could this work better.
Additionally there have been three appendices, each one dealing with the following respective issues:
o Appendix I: Detailed presentation of the geocoding wizard procedure.
o Appendix II: Apposes the VBScript code which has been used to control the functionality of the digital forms.
o Appendix III: Apposes the code which has been edited in the ArcIMSparam.js file. This file is responsible for the customization of the HTML site.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏÏÏο ÏÎ·Ï ÏαÏοÏÏÎ±Ï ÎµÏγαÏίαÏ, αÏοÏελεί η μελÎÏη και διαÏÏνδεÏη ÏÏιÏν διαÏοÏεÏικÏν εÏιÏÏημονικÏν ÏεδίÏν, ÏοÏ
ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏοÏιÏμοÏ, ÏÏν ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν (GIS) και ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν Web GIS, μÎÏα αÏÏ Ïη Ïαγδαία εξÎλιξη ÏοÏ
ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζοÏ
ν οι ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοι εÏιÏÏημονικοί κλάδοι Ïον ÏελεÏ
Ïαίο καιÏÏ. Îια Ïην εÏίÏεÏ
ξη αÏ
ÏÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏÏοÏ
δομήθηκε Îνα ολοκληÏÏμÎνο ÏÏÏÏημα ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï Î¼Îµ ÏεÏιοÏή ενδιαÏÎÏονÏÎ¿Ï Ïον ÎÎ¸Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎήÏο, Ïο ΠαναθηναÏÎºÏ Î£Ïάδιο και Ïη γÏÏÏ ÏεÏιοÏή, ÎµÎ½Ï ÏαÏάλληλη δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκε και μία Ï
ÏηÏεÏία Web GIS μÎÏα αÏÏ Ïην οÏοία Ï
ÏάÏÏει η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα αναÏÏοÏοδÏÏηÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏηÏ.
ΠαÏοÏμή για Ïην εκÏÏνηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î¬ÏκηÏηÏ, δÏθηκε αÏÏ Ïο ενδιαÏÎÏον â ÏÏοβλημαÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
εκÏÏάÏÏηκε για ÏÎ¹Ï ÏαÏÏÏαÏα αναÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Îµ Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα Web GIS ÏοÏ
ÎÏοÏ
ν καÏαλάβει μεγάλο μÎÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¸Î·Î¼ÎµÏÎ¹Î½Î®Ï Î¼Î±Ï Î¶ÏήÏ. Το ενδιαÏÎÏον αÏ
ÏÏ Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ Ïην ÏÏοηγοÏμενη εμÏειÏία και γνÏÏη ÏÏν διδαÏκÏνÏÏν ÏÎ¬Î½Ï Ïâ αÏ
Ïά Ïα θÎμαÏα, αλλά και Ïο καÏάλληλο Ï
Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï
Ïοδομή ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÏÏήÏÏε οδήγηÏαν ÏÏη δημιοÏ
Ïγία ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÏαÏμογήÏ.
ÎαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοιÏείο για Ïη δÏμηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï Î±ÏοÏÎλεÏε μία δοÏÏ
ÏοÏική εικÏνα ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏιοÏÎ®Ï ÎµÎ½Ï Î· ÏεÏνολογική γνÏÏη αÏοκÏήθηκε αÏÏ ÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏοηγοÏÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î´Î¹ÏλÏμαÏικÎÏ ÏοÏ
είÏαν ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιηθεί ÏÎ¬Î½Ï Ïε ÏαÏÏμοια θÎμαÏα.
Î Ïλη εÏγαÏία δομήθηκε Ïε οÏÏÏ ÎºÎµÏάλαια Ïα οÏοία αναλÏονÏαι ÏÏ
νοÏÏικά ÏαÏακάÏÏ:
Τα κεÏάλαια 1-5 είναι ειÏαγÏγικά και ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ ÏÏÏÏο να ειÏαγάγοÏ
ν Ïον αναγνÏÏÏη ÏÏο ÏλαίÏιο ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï ÏεÏνολογίαÏ. ΣÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνα, αναÏÏÏÏÏονÏαι Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα GPS, Ïα ÎεÏγÏαÏικά ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν, οι Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï Î±Î»Î»Î¬ και Ïα ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα Web GIS.
ΣÏο κεÏάλαιο 6 ÏεÏιγÏάÏεÏαι η ÏÏοεÏοιμαÏία ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ η δÏμηÏή ÏÎ·Ï Î¼ÎÏα αÏÏ Ïα λογιÏμικά ÏοÏ
ArcMap και ArcPad για Ïην Ï
λοÏοίηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï LBS.
ΣÏο κεÏάλαιο 7 αναλÏεÏαι η ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏÎ¿Ï ArcIMS καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η δημιοÏ
Ïγία ÏÎ·Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯Î±Ï Web GIS ÏοÏ
ÎÏει Ïην ικανÏÏηÏα εÏικοινÏÎ½Î¯Î±Ï Î¼Îµ Ïο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï ÎεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎÎÏηÏ.
ΤÎÎ»Î¿Ï ÏÏο κεÏάλαιο 8 ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάζονÏαι κάÏοια ÏÏ
μÏεÏάÏμαÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏοÎκÏ
Ïαν για Ïα ÏαÏαÏÎ¬Î½Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¹Ïμικά, οι μελλονÏικÎÏ ÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏν εÏιÏÏημονικÏν αÏ
ÏÏν ÏεδίÏν Ïε ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÎ¼Ï Î¼Îµ ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Î»Î»Î¬ και κάÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÏκÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± μελλονÏική εÏÎκÏαÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαÏμογήÏ.
ΠαÏάλληλα, ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏ
νÏαÏθεί και 3 ÏαÏαÏÏήμαÏα ÏοÏ
αναλÏοÏ
ν ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏο Ïη δÏμηÏη ÏÏν ακÏλοÏ
θÏν εÏαÏμογÏν:
o ΠαÏάÏÏημα Î: ΠαÏοÏ
ÏιάζεÏαι αναλÏ
Ïικά η διαδικαÏία ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏαναÏοÏάÏ
o ΠαÏάÏÏημα ÎÎ: ΠαÏαÏίθεÏαι ο κÏÎ´Î¹ÎºÎ±Ï VBScript ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήθηκε για Ïον ÎλεγÏο ÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏν ÏηÏιακÏν ÏοÏμÏν.
o ΠαÏάÏÏημα ÎÎÎ: ΠαÏαÏίθεÏαι ο κÏÎ´Î¹ÎºÎ±Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νÏάÏθηκε ÏÏο αÏÏείο ArcIMSparam.js για Ïο customization ÏÎ·Ï Î¹ÏÏοÏÎµÎ»Î¯Î´Î±Ï HTML.
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ฮ ฮฮฑฮฝฮฟฯ
ฯฮฌฮบฮทฯ (2005) ฮฮฑฮธฮทฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฯฯ ฯฯฮฟฯฮดฮนฮฟฯฮนฯฮผฯฯ ฮฟฯฮธฮฟฮผฮตฯฯฮนฮบฮฟฯ ฯ
ฯฮฟฮผฮญฯฯฮฟฯ
ฯฯฯฮฏฯ ฯฮท ฯฯฮฎฯฮท ฯฯ
ฮฝฮฟฯฮนฮฑฮบฯฮฝ ฯฯฮฟฮฒฮปฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ [english title: Manoussakis, G. (2005) - โMathematical determination of orthometric heights without the use of boundary value problemsโ] ฮฮนฮดฮฑฮบฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮดฮนฮฑฯฯฮนฮฒฮฎ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯ. ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Notes:
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ฮฯฮนฮปฮปฮญฮฑฯ ฮฮฟฯ
ฯฯฮนฮฟฯ
ฮผฯฮฌฯ (2005) ฮฆฮฟฯฮผฮฑฮปฮนฯฮผฮฟฮฏ ฮฮฝฮฑฯฮฑฯฮฌฯฯฮฑฯฮทฯ ฮฮฝฯฯฮทฯ [english title: Koutsioubas, A. (2005) โ โKnowledge Representation Formalismsโ] ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Thesis, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: Notes:
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2003 |
ฮ ฮฮตฯฯฮณฮฏฮฟฯ
(2003) ฮฅฯฮทฯฮตฯฮฏฮตฯ ฮฮพฮนฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮทฯ ฯฮทฯ ฮฮตฯฮณฯฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎฯ ฮฮญฯฮทฯ (Location Based Services) ฮฮนฯฮปฯฮผฮฑฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮตฯฮณฮฑฯฮฏฮฑ, ฮฃฯฮฟฮปฮฎ ฮฮณฯฮฟฮฝฯฮผฯฮฝ & ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฌฯฯฮฝ ฮฮทฯฮฑฮฝฮนฮบฯฮฝ, ฮฮธฮฝฮนฮบฯ ฮฮตฯฯฯฮฒฮนฮฟ ฮ ฮฟฮปฯ
ฯฮตฯฮฝฮตฮฏฮฟ [Thesis, Department of Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens] [Theses & Dissertations Supervised or co-Supervised] Abstract: In the context of this particular thesis a survey and a realization of an application based mainly on the combination of two different scientific fields were made. An effort was made to combine the Global Positioning System with the Geographic Information Systems so that to create a Location Based Services application.
Satellite technology applications in the scientific areas, has grown at a great rate in the last couple of decades. While the Global Positioning System was created at the beginning serving other sectors like military usage and navigation, in the current thesis an analysis was carried out in order to define the possibility of its use in the determination of positioning in everydayâs human endeavours. The definition of the location constituted a primary aim of many human activities (economic, scientific, social, etcâ¦), a fact that has push the use of GPS for those specific implementations to become the center of considerable attention.
Furthermore, modern society is considered to be an information society and as most information is related to geographic data, in essence we live in a geoinformation society. The GIS technology with their huge development potentials, have been used in a great deal of implementations and applications concerning analysis and planning, where the parameter âgeographic areaâ enters into a problem, indirectly or directly.
So the seamless combination of GIS with the Internet, wireless communication and GPS have generated the innovative so called Location Based Services, that is to say the applications which provide all the information based on a specific place wherever and whenever is necessary. Once a userâs geographic position has been determined, afterwards the available information regarding this particular location is given.
The aim of the following application in this particular thesis is the process of a location based services application, in a palmtop, so that to assist, whenever is needed, the exact device location in the field, through the use of a handled GPS. Then some questions would be posed, either for the services that concern the particular area or by giving a final destination so that the navigation of the device in the area would be achieved. For this experimentation the application was conducted in a confined area such as the National Technical University Campus so that to gain experience with the general concept of the Location Based Services and to acquire useful knowledge that would help in future implementations of such applications.
Notes: Î ÎΡÎÎÎΨÎ
ΣÏα ÏλαίÏια ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½Î·Ï Î´Î¹ÏλÏμαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιήθηκε μελÎÏη και Ï
λοÏοίηÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏηÏίζεÏαι κÏ
ÏίÏÏ ÏÏη ÏÏνδεÏη δÏο διαÏοÏεÏικÏν εÏιÏÏημονικÏν ÏεδίÏν. Îγινε μια ÏÏοÏÏάθεια να ÏÏ
νδÏ
αÏÏοÏν Ïο ΣÏÏÏημα ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï (GPS) με Ïα ÎεÏγÏαÏικά ΣÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν (GIS), ÏÏÏε να αναÏÏÏ
Ïθεί μια εÏαÏμογή ÏÏν Ï
ÏηÏεÏιÏν αξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, οι οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏÎÏονÏαι διεθνÏÏ ÏÏ Location Based Services.
Îι εÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¿ÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï ÏεÏÎ½Î¿Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î³Î®Î¹Î½ÎµÏ ÎµÏιÏÏÎ®Î¼ÎµÏ Î±Î½Î±ÏÏÏÏÏονÏαι ÏÏ
νεÏÏÏ Î¼Îµ Ïαγδαίο ÏÏ
θμÏ. ÎÎ½Ï Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα GPS δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκε αÏÏικά για Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ ÏÏÏαÏιÏÏική ÏÏήÏη και ÏλοήγηÏη, ÏÏην ÏαÏοÏÏα διÏλÏμαÏική εÏγαÏία εξεÏάÏÏηκε η δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏον ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏÎ¼Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÏοÏ
ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ïε καθημεÏινÎÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ. Î ÏÏοÏδιοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½Îκαθεν αÏοÏÎλεÏε Îναν ÏÏÏÏαÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏκοÏÏ ÏÏν ÏοικίλÏν δÏαÏÏηÏιοÏήÏÏν (οικονομικÏν, εÏιÏÏημονικÏν, κοινÏνικÏν, κ.α.) ÏοÏ
ανθÏÏÏοÏ
, οÏÏÏε ÏήμεÏα ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει ιδιαίÏεÏο ενδιαÏÎÏον η ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
δοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GPS για ÏÎÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ.
ÎÏίÏÎ·Ï Î· ÏÏγÏÏονη κοινÏνία θεÏÏείÏαι ÏλÎον μια κοινÏνία ÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν και καθÏÏ Î¿Î¹ ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏÎÏη με Ïο γεÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο, ζοÏμε οÏ
ÏιαÏÏικά Ïε μια κοινÏνία γεÏÏληÏοÏοÏιÏν. Î ÏεÏνολογία ÏÏν ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν Σ.Î.Î . με ÏÎ¹Ï ÏολλÎÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Ï
ναÏÏÏηÏεÏ, ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι Ïε ÏÎ»Î®Î¸Î¿Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ, για κάθε ζήÏημα ανάλÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏεδιαÏμοÏ, ÏÏοÏ
η ÏαÏάμεÏÏÎ¿Ï Â«Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏικÏÏ ÏÏÏοÏ» Ï
ÏειÏÎÏÏεÏαι άμεÏα ή ÎμμεÏα.
Î ÏÏνδεÏη ÏÏν ΣÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÎεÏγÏαÏικÏν ΠληÏοÏοÏιÏν με Ïο διαδίκÏÏ
ο, Ïην αÏÏÏμαÏη εÏικοινÏνία και Ïο ÎοÏÏ
ÏοÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î£ÏÏÏημα ÎνÏοÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÎÎÏÎ·Ï (GPS), ÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏοκαλÎÏει ÏÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹Î½Î¿ÏÏÎ¼ÎµÏ Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, δηλαδή ÏÎ¹Ï ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ ÏοÏ
διαθÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏο ÏÏήÏÏη ÏÎ»ÎµÏ ÏÎ¹Ï ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
βαÏίζονÏαι Ïε μια ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη γεÏγÏαÏική θÎÏη, ÏÏοÏ
και ÏÏοÏε αÏαιÏείÏαι. ÎÏÏικά ενÏοÏίζεÏαι η γεÏγÏαÏική θÎÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏήÏÏη και ÏÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια ÏαÏÎÏονÏαι ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ αÏαÏαίÏηÏÎµÏ ÏληÏοÏοÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î³Î¹Î± ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη θÎÏη αÏ
Ïή.
ΣκοÏÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιγÏάÏεÏαι ÏÏη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη διÏλÏμαÏική εÏγαÏία είναι η ανάÏÏÏ
ξη και Ï
λοÏοίηÏη Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎµÏαÏÎ¼Î¿Î³Î®Ï ÏÏν Î¥ÏηÏεÏιÏν αξιοÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏηÏ, Ïε palmtop, η οÏοία θα εÏιÏÏÎÏει μÎÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏήÏÎ·Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ GPS ÏειÏÏÏ, βγαίνονÏÎ±Ï ÏÏο Ïεδίο να είναι γνÏÏÏή ανά ÏάÏα ÏÏονική ÏÏιγμή, η ακÏÎ¹Î²Î®Ï Î¸ÎÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
Î®Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια να ÏεθοÏν κάÏοια εÏÏÏήμαÏα, είÏε για ÏÎ¹Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏοÏοÏν Ïη ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνη ÏεÏιοÏή, είÏε δίνονÏÎ±Ï Îναν ÏÎµÎ»Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοοÏιÏÎ¼Ï Î½Î± εÏιÏεÏ
Ïθεί να Ïλοηγηθεί η ÏÏ
ÏκεÏ
ή ÏÏ ÎµÎºÎµÎ¯. ΠεÏαÏμογή αÏÏικά θα γίνει Ïε Îνα ÏεÏιοÏιÏμÎνο Ïεδίο ÏÏÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ο ÏÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î Î¿Î»Ï
ÏεÏνειοÏÏÎ¿Î»Î·Ï ÎÏγÏάÏοÏ
για να αÏοκÏηθεί εμÏειÏία ÏÎ¬Î½Ï ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¥ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î±Î¾Î¹Î¿ÏοίηÏÎ·Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î³ÎµÏγÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î¸ÎÏÎ·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏη ÏÏ
νÎÏεια να εÏεκÏαθεί και Ïε Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ ÎµÏαÏμογÎÏ.
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Conference Presentations/Posters | |
2011 |
G Panou, N Yiannakakis, D Delikaraoglou (2011) An analysis of the linear fixed altimetry-gravimetry boundary value problem presented at the European Geophysical Union General Assembly, Vienna, 3-8 April. [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: The determination of the Earth's external gravity field is usually formulated in terms of various types of Geodetic Boundary Value Problems (GBVPs) for the Laplace equation. Most investigations on GBVPs have been motivated by the need to approximate closer and closer the physical reality and to finding more accurate and reliable procedures to handle a variety of available gravity field related data. During the last thirty years, three kinds of the Altimetry-Gravimetry Boundary Value Problem (AGBVP) have been defined according to the type of input data over the sea part and the land part of the Earth's surface. Nowadays, with the help of the satellite altimetry data we can estimate the Mean Sea Surface (MSS), where we are able to evaluate the disturbing potential. In land areas, we can have gravimetric data
at points with precisely determined 3D positions provided by the Global Navigation Satellite
Systems (GNSS) which yield surface gravity disturbances. Therefore the surface of the Earth can be considered as a fixed boundary. This situation can be formulated as a linear, fixed mixed boundary value problem with a Dirichlet condition imposed in the sea areas and an oblique derivative condition on land, as treated e.g. by Keller (1996) and is also known as AGBVP-III. In this paper, we analyze the problem in an unbounded Lipschitz domain representing the exterior of the Earth. The Stampacchia theorem enables us to decide upon the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution of the problem in a weighted Sobolev space. Finally, we briefly discuss the regularity of the solution of the problem. Notes: http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2011/poster_programme/6498
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2010 |
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2010) ฮฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮญฯ ฯฯฮฝ ฯฯฮณฯฯฮฟฮฝฯฮฝ ฯฮตฯฮฝฮฟฮปฮฟฮณฮฏฯฮฝ (GPS, ฮดฮฟฯฯ
ฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮญฯ ฮตฮนฮบฯฮฝฮตฯ, ฮฟฯฮธฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯฮฌฯฯฮตฯ, GIS) ฯฯฮฑ ฯฯฮญฮดฮนฮฑ ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮดฮฑฯฮผฮฟฯ โ ฮฮญฮตฯ ฮฑฮฝฮฌฮณฮบฮตฯ, ฯฯฮฟฮบฮปฮฎฯฮตฮนฯ, ฯฮฌฯฮตฮนฯ ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฯฮฟฮฟฯฯฮนฮบฮญฯ (Paper pesentation in Greek; Applications of modern geomatics technologies (GPS, Satellite Imaging, Orthophotomaps, GIS) for land consolidation - New needs, challenges, trends and implications) ฮฮผฮตฯฮฏฮดฮฑ ยซ40 ฯฯฯฮฝฮนฮฑ ฮฑฮฝฮฑฮดฮฑฯฮผฮฟฯ ฯฯฮทฮฝ ฮฯฯฯฮฟยป, ฮฮตฯ
ฮบฯฯฮฏฮฑ, 13 ฮฮบฯฯฮฒฯฮฏฮฟฯ
[Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: Notes: Powerpoint presentation (english): http://www.axmag.com/data/201101/U10837_F16834/index.html , http://www.humyo.com/FLZmCrQ/MyPublications_copies/MyPPPs/DDeli_LC_eng.pdf?a=2EY1c9HQlLo
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
ฮบฮฑฮน ฮ ฮฮฑฯฯฮนฮณฮนฮฌฮฝฮฝฮท (2010) ฮฮนฮตฯฮตฯ
ฮฝฯฮฝฯฮฑฯ ฯฮนฯ ฮดฯ
ฮฝฮฑฯฯฯฮทฯฮตฯ ฯฯฮฝ ฯฯ
ฯฯฮทฮผฮฌฯฯฮฝ GNSS ฯฮฟฯ
ฮฑฯฯฮนฮฟ ...ฯฮฎฮผฮตฯฮฑ (Paper presentation in Greek; Investigating the capabilities of tomorrow's GNSS systems ... today) ฮฮผฮตฯฮฏฮดฮฑ "ฮฮฟฯฯ
ฯฮฟฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮฏฮฑ - ฮฃฯฮณฯฯฮฟฮฝฮฑ ฮฃฯ
ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮญฯ", ฮคฮผฮฎฮผฮฑ ฮคฮฟฯฮฟฮณฯฮฑฯฮฏฮฑฯ ฮคฮฮ ฮฮธฮฎฮฝฮฑฯ, 26/05/2010 [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: Notes: Mirror download for the presentation slides: http://download1055.mediafire.com/bdj3odjrdzsg/yti1hgmkzmi/Imerida+GNSS_TEIA_2.pdf
The complete set of other presentations can be found here: http://www.teiath.gr/userfiles/topoadmin/documents/ekdiloseis/HMERIDA_26_05_2010.files/page0003.htm
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2009 |
G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou (2009) Determination of the gradient of curvature of the plumblines of the
normal gravity field and a initial study of its isocurvature lines Poster presented in the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19-24 April. [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: The curvature k of a plumbline of the Earthâs normal gravity field U passing through a point P is a function
which contains the first and second order partial derivatives of the normal potential U (referring to a Cartesian
system). To determine the gradient of curvature at P the third order partial derivatives of the normal potential are
also needed. However the determination of these high order partial derivatives demands too many complicated and
tedious calculations. Here we describe a method to determine the gradient of curvature without using the third
order partial derivatives of U. As a first step we express the partial derivatives of normal potential U in a global
Cartesian system (X, Y , Z) such that the Z-axis is the Earthâs mean axis of rotation, the X-axis is the intersection
of the equatorâs plane and the plane of the Greenwich meridian and the Y -axis makes the system right-handed. For
the problem at hand, we first introduce a local Cartesian (x, y, h) system such that a) the x â axis is tangent to the
parallel circle at Ï = Ï(at P) , b) the y â axis is tangent to the meridian λ = λ(at P) and c) the h â axis is the vertical to
the ellipsoid passing through the point P. Subsequently we introduce a local Cartesian system (x1, y1, h1) whose
center is the point P and the transformation equations are x1 = x, y1 = y, and h1 = hP - h. Now in the interior of
a circle of radius δ (δ is less than a meter) which has as a center the point P and lies on the meridian plane of P we
assume that the coordinates of the gradU change linearly and the second order partial derivatives of U practically
do not change. In the interior of the circle â we name it D â we construct a function ka = ka(y1, h1) with
the use of which we determine the curvature of a plumbline at a specific point in the set D. The function ka is a
quotient of polynomial functions and it is a good approximation of the function k in the set D. Hence it is easy to
determine the gradka in terms of the (x1, y1, h1) coordinates in D and consequently at the point P. Finally using
the coordinate transformations we express the gradka in the global Cartesian system (X, Y , Z).
The isocurvature lines are curves such that if k is the function which describes the curvature of the plumblines then
at each point it holds that k (X, Y , Z) = ko = const. We prove that there are at least two isocurvature lines which
pass through a point P, they are orthogonal to each other and both of them are plane curves. Next we prove that
these two curves lie on a special surface which is the isocurvature surface passing through the point Pand finally
we prove that the isocurvature surfaces are surfaces of revolution. The study of these new geometrical entities may
reveal more properties of the normal gravity field. Notes: For the poster presentation of this paper G. Manoussakis was awarded the EGU's 'Young Scientist Outstanding Poster Presentation Award" in Geodesy for 2009.
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D Delikaraoglou, I Mintourakis, F Kallianou (2009) Impact of recent Global Digital Bathymetry and Topography Models on
geoid modelling: Results from two case studies in Balearic and Aegean
Seas Presented at the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, 19-24 April, 2009 [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: With the realization of the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) and the free distribution of its global
elevation dataset with 3 arcsec (90 m) resolution and less than 16 m vertical accuracy, together with the availability
of the higher resolution (30 m) and accuracy (10 m) Digital Terrain Models (DTM) from the Advanced Spaceborne
Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), these two valuable sources of uniform DEM data represent
a revolution in the world of terrain modelling. DEMs are an important source of data for the generation of
high resolution geoids since they provide the high-frequency content of the gravity field spectrum and are suitable
for the computation of terrain effects to gravity and indirect effects to the geoid, thus allowing the combination
of global geopotential models, local gravity anomalies and information about the earthâs topography (represented
by a given DEM). However, although such models are available for land, there are no readily accessible Digital
Bathymetry Models (DBMs) of equivalent quality for the coastal and oceanic regions. Most of the global DBMâs
(e.g. ETOPO1, SRTM30, and GEBCO global bathymetric grid) are compilations of heterogeneous data with
medium resolution and accuracy. This prevents to exploit the potential of the recent high resolution (1 arcmin)
marine free-air gravity anomalies datasets derived from satellite altimetry (such as the DNSC08, and the Sandwell
& Smith v18.1 (S&Sv18.1) global solutions) in conjunction with such global DBMâs. Fortunately, for some
regions, recently have become available DBMâs of much better accuracy and resolution, such as the DBM of 1
km resolution for many regions of the Mediterranean Sea which is distributed by IFREMER, the French Research
Institute for Exploitation of the Sea.
The scope of this study is to use this latest regional DBM in combination with the newly available DNSC08
and SSV18.1 global marine free-air gravity anomalies datasets for marine and near shore geoid modelling of
archipelagic (island) areas. We have concentrated in two test regions: (a) the Catalano-Balearic Sea (South of
Spain in the NW Meditteranean), where adequate marine and land gravity data allow a detailed evaluation of
our processing methodologies and their results and, (b) the Aegean Sea where the presence of many islands
in varying distances from the mainland Greece and located on the continental shelf and/or divided by steep
sea floor topography present some unique challenges for any high resolution geoid modelling efforts. For both
test regions, we generated a combined DEM (C-DEM) using the IFREMER and SRTM 30 arcsec bathymetric
data for the sea areas and SRTM 3 arcsec data for the surrounding land areas. In this contribution, we discuss
various computational aspects relating to the so-called âDirect Topographical Effectâ (DTE) and the âIndirect
Topographical Effectâ (ITE), the two most significant topographical effects that have to be evaluated when a
precise geoid is being compiled. In addition, we outline the evaluation and the impact of the results obtained,
especially with regard to the differences in the geoid models when different elevation data are used, and point
out the main limitations and possibilities for further improvements in the use of the aforementioned satellite and
terrestrial data for regional and local geoid mapping in coastal and island regions. Notes:
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2008 |
G Manoussakis, D Delikaraoglou (2008) On the structure of the local ridges of the equipotential surfaces of the Earth's gravity field Presented at the Special Session G2 - Recent Developments in Geodetic Theory, EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 13-18 April [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: Generally given a smooth surface, a ridge is a curve such that at each of its points, the maximum (minimum) principal curvature has an extremum along its curvature line. Ridges are curves of extremal
curvature and therefore encode important information used in surface
analysis or segmentation. We are interested in the case where the
surface of interest is an equipotential surface of the earthâs gravity field,
under the assumption that there are no umbilical points, i.e. points at
which both principal curvatures are equal, and every tangent vector is a
principal direction. In this case, if P is a point of a specific ridge, then the
angle between the vertical line at P and the corresponding vertical line at
a neighboring point Pâ along the principal direction at distance ds apart, is
a supreme/infimum. For this reason, we call them âcurves of supreme
and infimum variation of the equipotential surfaceâs vertical lineâ.
Furthermore, if the point P lies on the geoid then the corresponding
differential geoid undulation dNPPâ is also a supreme/infimum. In this
paper, we carried out a study of the local geoid ridges with the help of
algebraic equations.
At first, we derived the condition which must be satisfied in order
that a point P on an equipotential surface of the earthâs gravity field lies
on a local ridge. Then we outline the necessary equations that allow
determining the direction of the ridge at each of its points. We show that
locating and reporting them requires manipulating third, forth and fifth
order partial derivatives of the gravitational potential â whence imposes
numerical difficulties. Notes: Can also be found at: http://www.vugtk.cz/odis/sborniky/EGU2008-G2/Posters/Manoussakis-Delikaraoglou.pdf
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ฮ ฮฮตฮปฮทฮบฮฑฯฮฌฮฟฮณฮปฮฟฯ
(2008) โฮฮนฮตฮธฮฝฮตฮฏฯ ฮตฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮญฯ VRS/ฮฮนฮบฯฯฯฮฝ CORS-RTNETsโ (paper presentation in Greek; International Applications of VRS/CORS Networks and RTKNets) ฮ ฮฑฯฮฟฯ
ฯฮนฮฌฯฯฮทฮบฮต ฯฯฮฟ ฮฮนฮฎฮผฮตฯฮฟ Workshop ฮผฮต ฯฮฏฯฮปฮฟ: โHEPOS ฮบฮฑฮน ฯฯฮณฯฯฮฟฮฝฮฑ ฮณฮตฯฮดฮฑฮนฯฮนฮบฮฌ ฯฯ
ฯฯฮฎฮผฮฑฯฮฑ ฮฑฮฝฮฑฯฮฟฯฮฌฯ: ฮธฮตฯฯฮฏฮฑ ฮบฮฑฮน ฯ
ฮปฮฟฯฮฟฮฏฮทฯฮท, ฯฯฮฟฮฟฯฯฮนฮบฮฎ ฮบฮฑฮน ฮตฯฮฑฯฮผฮฟฮณฮญฯโ, ฮฮตฯฯฮฑฮปฮฟฮฝฮฏฮบฮท, 25-26 ฮฃฮตฯฯ. 2008 [Conference Presentations/Posters] Abstract: Notes:
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Citations/ฮฯฮตฯฮฟฮฑฮฝฮฑฯฮฟฯฮญฯ | |
2009 |
D Delikaraoglou (2009) Citations of my published works (up to Nov. 2009) [Citations/ฮฯฮตฯฮฟฮฑฮฝฮฑฯฮฟฯฮญฯ] Abstract: Îι ÏαÏαÏιθÎÎ¼ÎµÎ½ÎµÏ Î´Î¹ÎµÎ¸Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÏεÏοαναÏοÏÎÏ ÏÏο εÏιÏÏÎ·Î¼Î¿Î½Î¹ÎºÏ ÎÏγο ÎÏοÏ
ν ανÏληθεί αÏÏ Ïο COSMOS,
SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scolar, Libraries and Archives Canada, SAO/NASA
Astrophysics Data System (ADS), BC Ministry of Forests Library, Electronic Theses and
Dissertations Database, CiteSeer κ.ά. ÎÎÏÏι ÏÎ¹Ï 30/11/2009 αÏαÏιθμοÏνÏαι ÏÏ
νολικά Ïε
ÏÏιακÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ Î´Îκα εννÎα (319). Îι εÏεÏοαναÏοÏÎÏ ÎÏοÏ
ν γίνει ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÎºÏλοÏ
Î¸ÎµÏ ÎµÏεÏ
νηÏικÎÏ
δημοÏιεÏÏειÏ, εÏιÏÏημονικÎÏ ÏαÏοÏ
ÏιάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Ïε ÏÏακÏικά ÏÏ
νεδÏίÏν, βιβλία και μονογÏαÏήμαÏα,
ÏÏÏ
ÏιακÎÏ ÎµÏγαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ διδακÏοÏικÎÏ Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏιβÎÏ. Notes:
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