Abstract: The aim of the study was to record the attitudes and intentions of Greek and Cypriot primary education teachers towards teaching children with special educational needs (SENs) in mainstream schools. The instrument used was based on ��Planned Behaviour Theory�� (Ajzen, 1988). The sample of the study included 179 educators, 87 from Greece (34 men, 52 women) and 92 from Cyprus (15 men, 70 women). Descriptive statistics indicated that school teachers have positive attitudes about the possibility of teaching students with and without SENs. Pearson Correlations Coefficient revealed that intention has significant correlations (p�0.001) with attitudes, self- identity, attitude strength, experience, information and knowledge. Anova analysis revealed that intention, attitude strength and knowledge are the variables where the differentiation between the educators was located, with the educators from Cyprus having the higher records. Also, Cypriot educators had more experience in working with SENs pupils and all of them had low university level education in the subject of Special Education. In conclusion, experience, attitude strength, self-identity, knowledge, information and also tertiary level education in the subject of Special Education have a positive effect on the attitudes and intentions of people who want to teach pupils with SENs.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to discover the differences on attitudes of Greek Physical Education students towards the subject of computers, in comparison with their involvement in physical activities (PA). The sample consisted of 165 freshmen students, 93 males and 72 females. They completed the �Computer Attitude Scale� questionnaire (Selwyn, 1997) of 21 items which consist four factors (affect, perceived usefulness, perceived control, and behavioural) Additionally, each student received a diary where s/he should write down his/her daily physical activities (Samouel & Lee, 2001) for 26 days. The diary was related to the computer usage and the occupation with physical activity. The results indicated gender differences on two factors, �affect� and �perceived usefulness�. No gender differences were indicated on PA. The students spent more of their free time on computer usage than doing a PA. Overall, the study supported previous results on gender differences and indicated that students turn into computer usage rather than enjoying other activities.

Abstract: The aim of the study was study was to examine the relationship between role ambiguity and athlete satisfaction among Greek team handball players. The sample consisted of 179 team handball players, 59 (33%) men and 120 (67%) women, with a mean age of 16.5 years. Two questionnaires were used in order to measure Role Ambiguity and Athlete Satisfaction. Role ambiguity was measured by using the Role Ambiguity Scale (RAS) (Beauchamp et al., 2002), and athletes� satisfaction was measured with the use of the Scale of Athlete Satisfaction (Chelladurai, et al., 1998). The results indicated the negative relation between Role Ambiguity and Athlete Satisfaction and the importance of the dimension of Scope of Responsibilities. Additionally, the multidimensional role of Role Ambiguity was shown. The results are discussed and future research is suggested. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the Role Ambiguity Scale is a promising tool for measuring role ambiguity in the context of team sports in Greece.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the questionnaire of Role Ambiguity, (Beauchamp, Bray, Eys & Carron, 2002), in offensive and defensive responsibilities, of Greek Team Sports� athletes, by checking its structural validity and reliability. The sample consisted of 409 athletes, basketball (n = 125), volleyball (n = 103), handball (n = 75) and soccer (n = 106). Reliability analysis, confirmed satisfactory Cronbach�s alpha rates from .76 to .86. At the same time through factor analysis but also through confirmatory factor analysis four factors were discovered: The Scope of the Responsibilities, Role Behavior, Role Evaluation and Role Consequences both in offending and defending, which explains the 63% and the 70% of the total variation correspondingly. In conclusion, the results confirmed the reliability and structural validity of the questionnaire regarding its use in Greek Team Sports� settings.

Abstract: With the present review of literature, the authors suggest appropriate simple counselling techniques used by injured athletes for specific rehabilitation components. The relevance of all above information is that any physical therapist or athletic trainer can use them in order to help their athletes cope with pain and negative feelings, and keep their level of motivation high, through all phases of the rehabilitation program. These techniques usually concern pain management, goal setting, self talk, imagery, relaxation and athletes� education. The components studied were the restoration of joint range of motion, of joint stability, muscular strengthening, and performance of sport related skills. A computerized literature search in English SPORT DISCUS and MEDLINE was conducted using �injured athlete�, and �counselling techniques�, �rehabilitation�, �goal-setting�, �self-talk�, �relaxation� and �imagery�, as search words. Identified abstracts were scanned, and useful articles were acquired for further review. The authors concluded that all the above techniques presented throughout are applicable to other components mentioned as well, meaning that crossover effects are likely. They also suggest incorporating the above techniques to the rehabilitation process adjusted on specific athlete�s needs.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to discover the attitudes and behaviors of Greek Physical Education students towards the subject of computers, and the changes that might have occurred in these attitudes and behaviors, as influenced by general information provided in their classrooms. The sample consisted of 244 freshmen students, 119 males and 125 females. They completed a planned behavior questionnaire in the beginning and again in the end of a semester period. The results indicated gender differences and contribution of the variables �knowledge� and �information�. Overall, the results supported the use of the instrument as an appropriate tool in order to investigate attitudes and behaviors towards the use of computers.

Abstract: Little information exists concerning the causal relationships of Sport and Exercise Involvement with goal orientations, perceived athletic competence and intrinsic motivation in physical education. A longitudinal study was conducted involving 882 Greek students who responded on questionnaires three times, that is, in the beginning and in the end of an academic year and seven months later. The data were analyzed via structural equation models, controlling for age. Task orientation and intrinsic motivation in physical education in the beginning of the academic year predicted sport and exercise involvement seven and fourteen months later. Additionally, perceived athletic competence in the beginning and in the end of the academic year predicted sport and exercise involvement at both time periods, while ego orientation did not predict sport and exercise involvement in any time. Prior sport and exercise involvement had positive effects on task orientation and perceived athletic competence in time 2 and predicted all cognitive-affective constructs in time 3. These results imply that the cultivation of task orientation, intrinsic motivation in physical education and perceived athletic competence will promote sport and exercise involvement in adolescence.

Abstract: The goal was to test the psychometric properties of the moral functioning scale in a Greek athletic context, and to investigate any possible relation between moral functioning and planned behaviour. The sample comprised 384 athletes, 103 from the sport of football (soccer), 97 from basketball and 184 from water polo. To measure moral functioning, the researchers used the instrument developed by Gibbons, Ebbeck, and Weiss. Planned Behaviour was assessed using a questionnaire based on Planned Behaviour Theory. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated strong association between Attitudes, Intention, Role Identity, Perceived Behavioural Control and the four dilemmas of the moral functioning instrument. The moral reasoning measure is a promising tool for measuring athletes� moral dilemmas in Greece.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to measure athletes� satisfaction among 141 Greek team handball athletes. They completed the Scale of Athlete Satisfaction (S.A.S.) questionnaire (Chelladurai, Inamura, Yamaguchi, Oinuma, & Miyauchi, 1988). The results indicated that the athletes were satisfied with their leaders� behavior and their personal outcome. No differences between the genders were revealed. Also, the more practices per week in which the athletes were involved, the more satisfied they were. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that S.A.S. is a promising tool for measuring athlete satisfaction in the context of team sports.

Abstract: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the contribution of knowledge and information to the prediction of students� intention to play badminton. The sample, 121 students (53 men and 68 women), 18 � 25 years of age, were new students in a semester badminton course. A questionnaire was completed before and after the course (4 m.). Hierarchical regression analyses showed strong association between the examined variables of the Planned Behavior Questionnaire, specifically signifying that knowledge, information, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, role identity and attitude strength could account for anticipation of intention towards playing badminton. Overall, systematic access to information and knowledge appeared to accompany relatively greater intentions

Abstract: This study investigated the validity of the planned behaviour model in the smoking and exercise behavioural domains and whether positive attitudes towards exercise were negatively related to attitudes to smoking. The study also examined whether role identity, attitude strength, knowledge and information would explain variance in smoking and exercise intentions additional to that already explained by attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. Gender differences were also examined. The sample consisted of 324 university students, 114 men and 210 women, aged 18-22 years (Mean=20.17 years) who responded to questionnaires related to smoking and exercise behaviours. The questionnaire was constructed based on Planned Behaviour Theory. The results indicated that positive attitudes and behaviours towards exercise were associated with negative attitudes and behaviours towards weekly and monthly smoking. In line with Planned Behaviour Theory, attitudes and perceived behavioural control were significant predictors of intentions, but role identity was also found to contribute significantly to the explanation of intentions. Women had stronger attitudes towards exercise but a very small percentage of them exercised. It was shown that exercise could be used as a behaviour that will help people avoid smoking. Physical education class can play the significant role of a program that combines smoke prevention with the promotion of exercise.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to measure the satisfaction of a sample of 234 team handball athletes from the Youth Team Handball Finals Tournament in Greece. 99 men and 135 women completed the Scale of Athlete Satisfaction questionnaire. Results indicated that the athletes were satisfied with their leaders� behavior and their personal outcomes. No differences between the genders were revealed. Also, the more practices per week in which the athletes were engaged, the more satisfied they were. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the Scale of Athlete Satisfaction is a promising tool for measuring athlete satisfaction in the context of team sports in Greece.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine age and gender differences of Greek badminton players on psychological skills. Eighty-five badminton players completed a Greek version of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 by Smith, Schutz, Smoll, Ptacek (1995), during the 2002 Greek Men�s and Women�s National Badminton Championship Tournament. Analysis revealed differences between age groups on two factors (adversity and coachability) but no statistically significant differences between genders. The results indicated that older athletes are better prepared to cope with the psychological distress involved in the game of badminton, and reported increased emotional self-control. Overall, the results of the study will help badminton athletes and coaches become more familiar with the sport-specific psychological skills that are involved in the sport of badminton, which constitutes a fairly new and unknown sport in Greece.

Abstract: This study investigates the intentions and self-efficacy of physically active university students towards healthy eating. The application of Planned Behavior theory has shown that attitudes, intention, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms play an important role in determining people�s behavior. Ninety-six students, who participated in physical activities, volunteered for the study. The participants completed the planned behavior and self-efficacy questionnaires that examined attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control toward healthy eating. In addition, attitude strength, role identity, information, knowledge, and self-efficacy were also examined. The results indicated that attitudes, perceived behavioral control and role identity, could predict one�s intention towards healthy eating behaviors. On the other hand, one�s self-efficacy for eating healthy could be predicted from the attitudes, intention, subjective norms and attitude strength. Participation in physical activities appeared to be accompanied with a relatively healthier diet, while self-efficacy had a significant association with maintaining the healthy eating behaviors.