Abstract: We investigate the tunability of splay-aligned liquid crystals for the use in solid core photonic crystal fibers. Finite element simulations are used to obtain the alignment of the liquid crystals subject to an external electric field. By means of the liquid crystal director field the optical permittivity is calculated and used in finite element mode simulations. The suitability of liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber devices for filters, wave-plates or sensors is highly dependent on the tunability of the transmission spectrum. In this contribution we investigate how the bandgap tunability is determined by the parameters of the liquid crystals. This enables us to identify suitable liquid crystals for tunable photonic bandgap fiber devices. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
Abstract: An electrically tunable bandpass filter is designed and fabricated by integrating two solid-core photonic crystal fibers filled with different liquid crystals in a double silicon v-groove assembly. By separately controlling the driving voltage of each liquid-crystal-filled section, both the short-wavelength edge and the long-wavelength edge of the bandpass filter are tuned individually or simultaneously with the response time in the millisecond range. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We demonstrate electrical tunability of a fiber laser using a liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber. Tuning of the laser is achieved by combining the wavelength filtering effect of a tunable liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber device with an ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber. We fabricate an all-spliced laser cavity based on the liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber mounted on a silicon assembly, a pump/signal combiner with single-mode signal feed-through and an ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber. The laser cavity produces a single-mode output and is tuned in the range 1040-1065 nm by applying an electric field to the silicon assembly. (c) 2010 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We infiltrate liquid crystals doped with BaTiO3 nanoparticles in a photonic crystal fiber and compare the measured transmission spectrum with the one achieved without dopant. New interesting features, such as frequency modulation response of the device and a transmission spectrum with tunable attenuation on the short wavelength side of the widest bandgap, suggest a potential application of this device as a tunable all-in-fiber gain equalization filter with an adjustable slope. The tunability of the device is achieved by varying the amplitude and the frequency of the applied external electric field. The threshold voltage for doped and undoped liquid crystals in a silica capillary and in a glass cell are also measured as a function of the frequency of the external electric field and the achieved results are compared. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: In this letter, a compact electrically controlled broadband liquid crystal (LC) photonic bandgap fiber polarizer is designed and fabricated. A good fiber coupling quality between two single-mode fibers and one 10-mm-long LC-filled photonic crystal fiber is obtained and protected by using SU-8 fiber fixing structures during the device assembly. The total insertion loss of this all-in-fiber device is 2.7 dB. An electrically tunable polarization extinction ratio of 21.3 dB is achieved with 45 degrees rotatable transmission axis as well as switched ON and OFF in the wavelength range of 1300-1600 nm.
Abstract: We demonstrate the photonic bandgap effect and the thermal tunability of bandgaps in microstructured polymer optical fibers infiltrated with liquid crystal. Two liquid crystals with opposite sign of the temperature gradient of the ordinary refractive index (E7 and MDA-00-1444) are used to demonstrate that both signs of the thermal tunability of the bandgaps are possible. The useful bandgaps are ultimately bounded to the visible range by the transparency window of the polymer. (c) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We design and fabricate an on-chip tunable long-period grating device by integrating a liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber on silicon structures. The transmission axis of the device can be electrically rotated in steps of 45 degrees as well as switched on and off with the response time in the millisecond range. The strength of the loss peak is controlled electrically, and the spectral position of the loss peak is thermally tunable. This compact design results in a stable grating and permits this device to be more easily applied in practical systems. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: An electrically tunable liquid-crystal, photonic-bandgap-fiber-device-based, optically fed microwave, true-time delay is demonstrated with the response time in the millisecond range. A maximum electrically controlled phase shift of around 70 S at 15 GHz and an averaged 12.9 ps true-time delay over the entire modulation frequency range of 1-15 GHz are obtained. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: A large-mode area polarization maintaining single-mode ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier with distributed narrow passband filtering is demonstrated. The fiber passband is 40nm wide and centered at 1070nm for efficient filtering of both short- and long-wavelength amplified spontaneous emission as well as stimulated raman scattering and four-wave-mixing. The fiber shows reduced bend sensitivity, has a mode field diameter of 27 mu m and exhibits a slope efficiency of more than 65%. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: Thick photoresist coating for electrode patterning in an anisotropically etched V-groove is investigated for electrically controlled liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibre devices. The photoresist step coverage at the convex corners is compared with and without soft baking after photoresist spin coating. Two-step UV exposure is applied to achieve a complete exposure for the thick photoresist layer at the bottom of the V-groove, and minimise the reduction in resolution and image distortion. The resolution reduction of the different open window width for electrode pattern transfer is also experimentally found.
Abstract: A simulation scheme for the transmission spectrum of a photonic crystal fiber infiltrated with a nematic liquid crystal and subject to an external bias is presented. The alignment of the biased liquid crystal is simulated using the finite element method to solve the relevant system of coupled partial differential equations. From the liquid crystal alignment the full tensorial dielectric permittivity in the capillaries is derived. The transmission spectrum for the photonic crystal fiber is obtained by solving the generalized eigenvalue problem deriving from Maxwell’s equations using a vector element based finite element method. We demonstrate results for a splay aligned liquid crystal infiltrated into the capillaries of a fourring photonic crystal fiber and compare them to corresponding experiments. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We infiltrate photonic crystal fibers with a negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal. A 396 nm bond-gap shift is obtained in the temperature range of 22-80 degrees C, and a 67 nm shift of long.-wavelength bandgap edge is achieved by applying a voltage of 200 Vrms. The polarization sensitivity and corresponding activation loss are measured using polarized light and a full broadband polarization control setup. The electrically induced phase shift on the Poincare sphere and corresponding birefringence change are also measured. According to the results, tunable wave plates working in the wavelength range of 1520-1580 nm and a potential for realizing a polarimeter working at the 1310 am region are experimentally demonstrated. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We demonstrate a highly tunable deep notch filter realized in a liquid-crystal photonic-bandgap (LCPBG) fiber. The filter is realized without inducing a long-period grating in the fiber but simply by filling a solid-core photonic-crystal fiber with a liquid crystal and exploiting avoided crossings within the bandgap of the LCPBG fiber. The filter is demonstrated experimentally and investigated using numerical simulations. A high degree of tuning of the spectral position of the deep notch is also demonstrated. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
Abstract: A tunable and polarisation-maintaining all-in-fibre filter based oil a liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibre is demonstrated. Its polarisation extinction ratio reaches 14 dB at 1 50 nm wavelength. Its spectral tunability range spans over 250 nm in the temperature range 30-70 degrees C. The measured transmission spectrum is compared with that obtained through finite element simulations.
Abstract: This paper reports on the first application of a liquid crystal infiltrated photonic bandgap fiber used as a tunable filter in an optical transmission system. The device allows low-cost amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise filtering and gain equalization with low insertion loss and broad tunability. System experiments show that the use of this filter increases for times the distance over which the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is sufficient for error-free transmission with respect to the case in which no filtering is used. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
Abstract: Liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibers form a versatile and robust platform for designing optical fiber devices, which are highly tunable and exhibit novel optical properties for manipulation of guided light. We present fiber devices for spectral filtering and polarization control/analysis.
Notes: Symposium on Microstructured and Nanostructured Optical Fibers, Singapore, SINGAPORE, 2007
Abstract: Through a detailed electromagnetic analysis we investigate the characteristics of liquid crystal infiltrated photonic crystal Fibers guiding by the Photonic Bandgap effect. The analysis, carried out using the Finite Element Method and including also material dispersion effects, puts into evidence particular spectral features related to the so-called splay alignment of the molecules constituting the liquid crystal, the so called mesogens. Control of these features is of use in the design of new devices for sensing or telecommunication applications.
Notes: 16th International Workshop on Optical Waveguide Theory and Numerical Modelling, Lyngby, DENMARK, APR 27-28, 2007
Abstract: We demonstrate electrically and mechanically induced long period gratings (LPGs) in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) filled with a high-index liquid crystal. The presence of the liquid crystal changes the guiding properties of the fiber from an index guiding fiber to a photonic bandgap guiding fiber - a so called liquid crystal photonic bandgap (LCPBG) fiber. Both the strength and resonance wavelength of the gratings are highly tunable. By adjusting the amplitude of the applied electric field, the grating strength can be tuned and by changing the temperature, the resonance wavelength can be tuned as well. Numerical calculations of the higher order modes of the fiber cladding are presented, allowing the resonance wavelengths to be calculated. A high polarization dependent loss of the induced gratings is also observed. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America
Abstract: The characteristics of triangular photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with elliptical holes filled with a nematic liquid crystal (LC) are investigated theoretically. The analysis that is carried out using the finite-element method, including material dispersion effects, shows that LC anisotropy and hole ellipticity allow some phenomena that are not predicted yet, such as polarization-dependent losses and birefringence sign change in the wavelength range used for standard telecom fibers. Control of these features allows the design of new devices for sensing or telecommunication applications.
Abstract: We demonstrate a liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber based polarizer integrated in a double silicon v-groove assembly. The polarizer axis can be electrically controlled as well as switched on and off. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America
Abstract: Phase-to-intensity modulation conversion of differential phase-shift keying signals is successfully demonstrated at 10 and 40 Gb/s using a polarization Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer implemented with only 2.4 in of a highly birefringent air-guiding photonic bandgap (PBG) fiber. Such a PBG fiber exhibits a birefringence one order of magnitude larger than that of conventional polarization-maintaining fibers, thus enabling the realization of compact interferometers. Furthermore, its single material nature is expected to result in reduced temperature sensitivity.
Abstract: We demonstrate a highly tunable photonic bandgap fiber, which has a large-core diameter of 25 mu m and an effective mode area of 440 mu m(2). The tunability is achieved by infiltrating the air holes of a photonic crystal fiber with an optimized liquid-crystal mixture having a large temperature gradient of the refractive indices at room temperature. A bandgap tuning sensitivity of 27 nm/degrees C is achieved at room temperature. The insertion loss is estimated to be less than 0.5 dB and caused mainly by coupling loss between the index-guided mode and the bandgap-guided mode. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
Abstract: The performance of a thermo-optic switch based on a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) infiltrated with a liquid crystal is investigated numerically for various fiber designs. Operation near a long-wavelength bandgap edge is found to yield superior results for the thermal sensitivity compared with the calculated coupling loss between filled and nonfilled fiber sections. By varying the relative hole size of the PCF, comparable performance can in this case be obtained over a large range of core sizes, thus facilitating the matching of the device to other waveguides. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America
Abstract: We have analyzed the physical origins of the temperature gradient of the ordinary refractive index (dn(o)/dT) of liquid crystals. To achieve a large dn(o)/dT , high birefringence (Delta n) and low clearing temperature play crucial roles. Based on these guidelines, we formulated two exemplary liquid crystal mixtures, designated as UCF-1 and UCF-2. The dn(o)/dT of UCF-1 is similar to 4x higher than that of 5CB at room temperature. By infiltrating UCF-1 into the air holes of a three-rod core photonic crystal fiber, we demonstrate a thermally tunable photonic bandgap fiber with tuning sensitivity of 27 nm/degrees C at room temperature. The insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB.
Abstract: A tunable Gaussian filter based on a tapered liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibre is presented. The filter is centred at lambda = 1062 run and has a 3 dB bandwidth of 150 nm. Tunability is achieved by exploiting the thermo-optic effect of the liquid crystals. A shift of 110 nm at the central wavelength is observed by increasing the temperature from 30 to 80 degrees C.
Abstract: We present an electrically controlled photonic bandgap fiber device obtained by infiltrating the air holes of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a dual-frequency liquid crystal (LC) with pre-tilted molecules. Compared to previously demonstrated devices of this kind, the main new feature of this one is its continuous tunability due to the fact that the used LC does not exhibit reverse tilt domain defects and threshold effects. Furthermore, the dual-frequency features of the LC enables electrical control of the spectral position of the bandgaps towards both shorter and longer wavelengths in the same device. We investigate the dynamics of this device and demonstrate a birefringence controller based on this principle. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.
Abstract: Tunable bandgap guidance is obtained by filling the holes of a solid core photonic crystal fiber with a nematic liquid crystal and applying an electric field. The response times are measured and found to be in the millisecond range.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted significant attention during the last years and much research has been devoted to develop fiber designs for various applications, hereunder tunable fiber devices. Recently, thermally and electrically tunable PCF devices based on liquid crystals (LCs) have been demonstrated. However, optical tuning of the LC PCF has until now not been demonstrated. Here we demonstrate an all-optical modulator, which utilizes a pulsed 532 nm laser to modulate the spectral position of the bandgaps in a photonic crystal fiber infiltrated with a dye-doped nematic liquid crystal. We demonstrate a modulation frequency of 2kHz for a moderate pump power of 2-3mW and describe two pump pulse regimes in which there is an order of magnitude difference between the decay times. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America.
Abstract: Since the first experimental demonstration of a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) in 1996 the optical properties and the fabrication of such fibers have attracted significant attention. The fiber structure with a lattice of air holes running along the length of the fiber provides a large variety of novel optical properties and improvements compared to standard optical fibers. A few of the remarkable optical properties of silica based PCFs and their applications within sensors are described
Abstract: A new type of hybrid photonic crystal fibres, which are infiltrated with liquid crystals, are demonstrated. Thermo-optic fibre switching, which utilises the phase transitions of a thermochromic liquid crystal inside a photonic crystal fibre, is demonstrated.
Abstract: Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) have appeared as a new class of optical waveguides, which have attracted large scientific and commercial interest during the last years. PCFs are microstructured waveguides, usually in silica, with a large number of air holes located in the cladding region of the fiber. The size and location of these air holes opens up for a large degree of design freedom within optical waveguide design. Further, the existence of air holes in the PCF gives access close to the fiber core and by introducing new materials into the air holes, a high interaction between light and hole material can be obtained, while maintaining the microstructure of the waveguide. In this paper, we describe what we call Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers, which are PCFs infiltrated with Liquid Crystals (LCs) in order to obtain increased fiber functionality. We describe a thermooptic fiber switch with an extinction ratio of 60dB and tunable PBGs using thermo-optic tuning of the LC. These devices operate by the PBG effect and are therefore highly sensitive to the refractive index distributions in the holes. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
Abstract: A compact tunable waveplate based on negative dielectric liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibers is presented. The birefringence can be tuned electrically to work as a quarter-wave or a half-wave plate in the wavelength range 1520nm-1580nm. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Notes: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (CLEO/QELS 2009), Baltimore, MD, JUN 02-04, 2009
Abstract: Thick photoresist coating for electrode patterning in anisotropically etched v-grooves is investigated. The photoresist coverage is compared with and without soft baking. Two-step exposure is applied for a complete exposure and minimizing the resolution loss. (C)2008 Optical Society of America
Notes: Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC 2009), San Diego, CA, MAR 22-26, 2009
Abstract: We infiltrate liquid crystals doped with BaTiO3 nanoparticles in a photonic crystal fiber and compare the measured transmission spectrum to the one achieved with undoped liquid crystals. New interesting features such as frequency dependent behavior and a transmission spectrum with tunable attenuation on the short wavelength side of the bandgap suggest a potential application of this device as a tunable all-in-fiber gain equalization filter. The tunability of the device is demonstrated by changing the temperature of the liquid crystal and by varying both the amplitude and the frequency of the applied external electric field.
Notes: 1st Workshop on Specialty Optical Fibers and Their Applications, Sao Pedro, BRAZIL, AUG 20-22, 2008
Abstract: We simulate the director structure of all capillaries in a biased photonic crystal fiber infiltrated with liquid crystals. Various mode simulations for different capillaries show the necessity to consider the entire structure.
Notes: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, San Jose, CA, MAY 04-09, 2008
Abstract: We present a new type of combiner based on a fused pump/signal fiber bundle. We obtain a record high signal-to-pump isolation of more than 46dB from a device optimized for high power counter directional pumping of Ytterbium-doped large mode area airclad fibers. The compact device combines more than 100W of light from 14 pcs. of 105 mu m NA=015 fibers into the pump cladding of an airclad fiber with a coupling efficiency of 90%. The signal light is delivered through the center of the combiner ensuring the exceptional isolation. The high level of isolation, measured for a 60W amplifier configuration, is essential to ensure the reliability of the pump diodes in a high power pulsed system. The combiner is compatible with PM and non-PM systems and we demonstrate both a CW and a pulsed configuration.
Notes: Conference on Fiber Lasers V, San Jose, CA, JAN 21-24, 2008
Abstract: A tunable bandpass filter based on a Photonic Crystal Fiber filled with two different Liquid Crystals is demonstrated. 130 nm bandwidth tunability is achieved by tuning the temperature from 30 degrees C to 90 degrees C.
Notes: 20th Annual Meeting of the IEEE-Lasers-and-Electro-Optics-Society, Lake Buena Vista, FL, OCT 21-25, 2007
Abstract: Liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibers represent a promising platform for the design of all-in-fiber optical devices, which show a high degree of tunability and exhibit novel optical properties for the manipulation of guided light. In this review paper we present tunable fiber devices for spectral filtering, such as Gaussian filters and notch filters, and devices for polarization control and analysis, such as birefringence control devices and switchable and rotatable polarizers.
Notes: Conference on Optoelectronic Materials and Devices II, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA, NOV 02-05, 2007
Abstract: We present a device based on a tapered Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fiber that allows active all-in-fiber filtering. The resulting Photonic Bandgap Fiber device provides a Gaussian filter covering the wavelength range 1200-1600nm.
Notes: 19th Annual Meeting of the IEEE-Lasers-and-Electro-Optics-Society, Montreal, CANADA, OCT 29-NOV 02, 2006
Abstract: In future all optical networks one of the enabling technologies is tunable elements including reconfigurable routers, switches etc. Thus, the development of a technology platform that allows construction of tuning components is critical. Lately, microstructured optical fibers, filled with liquid crystals, have proven to be a candidate for such a platform. Microstructured optical fibers offer unique wave-guiding properties that are strongly related to the design of the air holes in the cladding of the fiber. These wave-guiding properties may be altered by filling the air holes with a material, for example a liquid crystal that changes optical properties when subjected to, for example, an optical or an electrical field. The utilization of these two basic properties allows design of tunable optical devices for optical networks. In this work, we focus on applications of such devices and discuss recent results.
Notes: 7th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, Barcelona, SPAIN, JUL 03-07, 2005
Abstract: We present an electrically tunable liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber device based on a dual frequency liquid crystal with pre-tilted molecules that allows the bandgaps to be continuously tuned. The frequency dependent behavior of the liquid crystal enables active shifting of the bandgaps toward shorter or longer wavelengths. We also describe and experimentally characterize an electro-optical modulator and a birefringence controller suitable for polarization control.
Notes: 4th Workshop on Fibres and Optical Passive Components, Mondello, ITALY, JUN 22-24, 2005
Abstract: Tunable band gap guidance is obtained by filling the holes of a photonic crystal fiber with a nematic liquid crystal and applying an electric field. The response times of this device are investigated.
Abstract: The dispersion, which expresses the variation with wavelength of the guided-mode group velocity, is one of the most important properties of optical fibers. Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) offer much larger flexibility than conventional fibers with respect to tailoring of the dispersion curve. This is partly due to the large refractive-index contrast available in silica/air microstructures, and partly due to the possibility of making complex refractive-index structures over the fiber cross section. We discuss the fundamental physical mechanisms determining the dispersion properties of PCFs guiding by either total internal reflection or photonic bandgap effects, and use these insights to outline design principles and generic behaviours of various types of PCFs. A number of examples from recent, modeling and experimental work serve to illustrate our general conclusions.
Notes: Symposium on Engineered Porosity for Microphotonics and Plasmonics held at the 2003 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, MA, DEC 02-04, 2003
Abstract: Photonic crystal materials and waveguides have since their appearance in 1987 attracted very much attention from the scientific community. From being a more academia discipline, new components and functionalities have emerged, and photonic crystals have today started to enter the field of commercial devices. Especially the photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with its lattice of air holes running along the length of the fibre has matured, and the technology provides a large variety of novel optical properties and improvements compared to standard optical fibres. With respect to optical sensors, the photonic crystal structures have several important properties. First of all the wavelength-scale periodically-arranged material structures provide completely new means of fabricating tailored optical properties either using modified total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect. Secondly, the new materials with numerous micro- or even nano-scale structures and voids allow for superior mode control, use of polarisation properties, and even more a the potential of close interaction between optical field and the material under test. The present paper will be using the example of the relatively mature photonic crystal fibre to discuss the fundamental optical properties of the photonic crystals, and recent examples of their use as optical sensors will be reviewed.
Notes: 2nd European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors, Santander, SPAIN, JUN 09-11, 2004
Abstract: Photonic crystal materials and waveguides have since their appearance in 1987 attracted very much attention from the scientific community. From being a more academia discipline, new components and functionalities have emerged, and photonic crystals have today started to enter the field of commercial devices. Especially the photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with its lattice of air holes running along the length of the fibre has matured, and the technology provides a large variety of novel optical properties and improvements compared to standard optical fibres. With respect to optical sensors, the photonic crystal structures have several important properties. First of all the wavelength-scale periodically-arranged material structures provide completely new means of fabricating tailored optical properties either using modified total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect. Secondly, the new materials with numerous micro- or even nano-scale structures and voids allow for superior mode control, use of polarisation properties, and even more a the potential of close interaction between optical field and the material under test. The present paper will be using the example of the relatively mature photonic crystal fibre to discuss the fundamental optical properties of the photonic crystals, and recent examples of their use as optical sensors will be reviewed.
Abstract: Photonic crystal materials and waveguides have since their appearance in 1987 attracted very much attention from the scientific community. From being a more academia discipline, new components and functionalities have emerged, and photonic crystals have today started to enter the field of commercial devices. Especially the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with its lattice of air holes running along the length of the fiber has matured, and the technology provides a large variety of novel optical properties and improvements compared to standard optical fibers. With respect to optical sensors, the photonic crystal structures have several important properties. First of all the wavelength-scale periodically-arranged material structures provide completely new means of fabricating tailored optical properties either using modified total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect. Secondly, the new materials with numerous micro- or even nano-scale structures and voids allow for superior mode control, use of polarization properties, and even more a the potential of close interaction between optical field and the material under test. The present paper will be using the example of the relatively mature photonic crystal fiber to discuss the fundamental optical properties of the photonic crystals, and recent examples of their use as optical sensors will be reviewed
Abstract: Since the first experimental demonstration of a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) in 1996 by Knight et al.(1), the optical properties and the fabrication of such fibers have attracted significant attention. The fiber structure with a lattice of air holes running along the length of the fiber provides a large variety of novel optical properties and improvements compared to standard optical fibers. The stack-and-pull procedure used to manufacture PCFs is a highly flexible method offering a large degree of freedom in the fabrication of PCFs with specific characteristics. A few of the remarkable optical properties of silica based PCFs are described and their applications within sensors are summarized.
Notes: 2nd IEEE International Conference on Sensors, Toronto, CANADA, OCT 22-24, 2003
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers having a complex microstructure in the transverse plane constitute a new and promising class of optical fibers. Such fibers can either guide light through total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect. In this paper, we review the different types and applications of photonic crystal fibers with particular emphasis on recent advances in the field.
Notes: 10th International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC), Iguazu Falls, BRAZIL, SEP 20-23, 2003
Abstract: The dispersion, which expresses the variation with wavelength of the guided-mode group velocity, is one of the most important properties of optical fibers. Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) offer much larger flexibility than conventional fibers with respect to tailoring of the dispersion curve. This is partly due to the large refractive-index contrast available in silica/air microstructures, and partly due to the possibility of making complex refractive-index structures over the fiber cross section. We discuss the fundamental physical mechanisms determining the dispersion properties of PCFs guiding by either total internal reflection or photonic bandgap effects, and use these insights to outline design principles and generic behaviours of various types of PCFs. A number of examples from recent modeling and experimental work serve to illustrate our general conclusions.
Abstract: A photonic crystal fiber has been filled with a cholesteric liquid crystal. A temperature sensitive photonic band gap effect was observed, which was especially pronounced around the liquid crystal phase transition temperature
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers having a complex microstructure in the transverse plane constitute a new and promising class of optical fibers. Such fibers can either guide light through total internal reflection or the photonic bandgap effect. In this paper, we review the different types and applications of photonic crystal fibers with particular emphasis on recent advances in the field.
