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Zamin Jumaat


zamin@um.edu.my

Journal articles

2013
Alengaram U Johnson, Muhit Baig Abdullah Al, bin Jumaat Mohd Zamin (2013)  Utilization of oil palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate in concrete – A review   Construction and Building Materials 38: 161-172  
Abstract: This paper reviews previous research carried out on the use of oil palm kernel shell (OPKS) as lightweight aggregate (LWA). OPKS is a waste material obtained during the extraction of palm oil by crushing of the palm nut in the palm oil mills. It is one of the most abundantly produced waste materials in South East Asia and Africa; OPKS has been experimented in research as lightweight aggregates (LWAs) to produce lightweight concrete (LWC) since 1984 and today there are many researchers working in this area. In this paper the physical and mechanical properties of OPKS are summarized along with mechanical, durability and functional properties and structural behavior of OPKS concrete (OPKSC). Recent papers on foamed and fiber reinforced OPKSC are also included. It is seen from the results that OPKSC has comparable mechanical properties and structural behavior to normal weight concrete (NWC). Recent investigation on the use of crushed OPKS shows that OPKSC can be produced to medium and high strength concrete. Sustainability issues combined with higher ductility and aggregate interlock characteristics of OPKSC compared to NCW has resulted in many researchers conducting further investigation on the use of OPKS as LWA. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: CBUME Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alengaram, U.J.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ujohnrose@yahoo.com References: Chandra, S., Berntsson, L., (2003) Lightweight Aggregate Concrete - Science, Technology, and Applications, , William Andrew Publishing Norwich, New York; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Ganapathy, C., Lightweight concrete made from oil palm shell (OPS): Structural bond and durability properties (2007) Build Environ, 42 (7), pp. 2614-2621; Okpala, D.C., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate in concrete (1990) Build Environ, 25 (4), pp. 291-296; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Structural concrete using oil palm shell (OPS) as lightweight aggregate, Turkish (2006) J Eng Environ Sci, 30, pp. 1-7; Mannan, M.A., Alexander, J., Ganapathy, C., Teo, D.C.L., Quality improvement of oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate in lightweight concrete (2006) Build. 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Hertford, SG13 8NL, UK: Brickendonbury; Olanipekun, E.A., Olusola, K.O., Ata, O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Build Environ, 41 (3), pp. 297-301; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, J.V., Flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beams made with oil palm shell (OPS) (2006) J Adv Concr Technol, 4 (3), pp. 1-10; Ramli, A., (2003) Short-term and Long-term Projection of Malaysian Palm Oil Production (MPOB), , editor; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Concrete from an agricultural waste - Oil palm shell (OPS) (2004) Build Environ, 39 (4), pp. 441-448; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Engineering properties of concrete with oil palm shell as coarse aggregate (2002) Constr Build Mater, 16 (1), pp. 29-34; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Long-term strengths of concrete with oil palm shell as coarse aggregate (2001) Cem Concr Res, 31 (9), pp. 1319-1321; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Cem Concr Res, 29 (4), pp. 619-622; 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Shafigh Payam, Jumaat Mohd Zamin, Mahmud Hilmi Bin, Alengaram U Johnson (2013)  Oil palm shell lightweight concrete containing high volume ground granulated blast furnace slag.   Construction and Building Materials 40: 231-238  
Abstract: With the ever-increasing industrialization and urbanization, huge amounts of natural resources are required to make concrete. Green concrete can provide a solution to reducing the negative impact of the concrete industry. This paper presents the results of experiments conducted to produce green structural lightweight concrete by using oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as a supplementary cementing material at 30%, 50% and 70% replacement of cement, and exposed to different curing conditions. Depending on the curing condition, test results show the possibility of producing green structural lightweight aggregate concrete with 28-day compressive strength of 23-42. MPa. The strength and density of GGBFS OPS concrete decrease as the percentage replacement of GGBFS increases. Data also show that initial hot water curing significantly improve the compressive strength of oil palm shell lightweight concrete containing high volume GGBFS at early age while this curing method is not useful for oil palm shell concrete containing just ordinary Portland cement. By incorporating GGBFS, grades 30 and 35 OPS concrete with significantly lower cement content than previous studies can be produced.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Article in Press CODEN: CBUME Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Shafigh, P.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Memail: pshafigh@gmail.com
2012
Jameel A B M Mohammed, Islam Saiful, M Khaleel, Jumaat Mohd Zamin (2012)  Nonlinear finite element analysis of spar platform   Advanced Science Letters 13: 1. 723-726  
Abstract: In recent decades, oil and gas exploration technology has moved towards the offshore deep-water deposits. Conventional fixed jacket type platforms and bottom supported compliant platforms are found to be inefficient for exploring these resources. Floating Spar platform is suitable alternative in deep water regions. The present study performs coupled analysis of integrated Spar platform with full hull cylinder. This mathematical model incorporates almost all the major nonlinearities. Time domain analysis is done adopting an automatic Newmark- β time integration technique. Airy’s wave theory is used for calculating for wave kinematics. Wave induced spar hull motion in surge, heave and pitch directions along with maximum tension in mooring line has been assessed for extreme wave height condition in 1018 m water depth. © 2012 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Islam, S.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Hillis, A.J., Courtney, C.R.P., (2011) Journal of Sound and Vibration, 330, p. 1141; Jameel, M., Ahmad, S., Islam, A.B.M.S., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) Proceedings of the 21st International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, , Maui, Hawaii, USA, June; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) International Journal of Green Energy, , In press, Corrected proof; Chen, X., Zhang, J., Ma, W., (2001) Ocean Engineering, 28, p. 863; Culla, A., Carcaterra, A., (2007) Journal of Sound and Vibration, 308, p. 44; Jameel, M., Ahmad, S., Islam, A.B.M.S., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, , In press, Corrected proof; Chen, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, J., Liagre, P., Niedzwecki, J., Teigen, P., (2006) Ocean Engineering, 33, p. 93; Jameel, M., Ahmad, S., (2011) Proceedings of the ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, , Offshore and Arctic Engineering, OMAE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, June; Kim, M.H., Koo, B.J., Mercier, R.M., Ward, E.G., (2005) Ocean Engineering, 32, p. 1780; Kim, M.H., Ran, Z., Zheng, W., (2001) International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 11, p. 42; Chen, X., Zhang, J., (1999) Proceedings of the International Offshore Polar Engineering Conference; Ding, Y., Kim, M., Chen, X., Zhang, J., (2003) Proceedings of International Symposium on Deepwater Mooring Systems Houston, , Texas, USA, October; Umar, A., Datta, T.K., (2003) Ocean Engineering, 30, p. 1625; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) International Journal of the Physical Sciences, 6, p. 2671; Garrett, D.L., (2005) Ocean Engineering, 32, p. 802; Luo, M., Zhu, W.Q., (2006) Journal of Sound and Vibration, 296, p. 734; Mei, C., (2009) Journal of Sound and Vibration, 322, p. 29; Agarwal, A.K., Jain, A.K., (2003) Ocean Engineering, 30, p. 517; Tahar, A., Kim, M.H., (2008) Ocean Engineering, 35, p. 1676; Choi, S.-B., Park, M.-K., (2011) Advanced Science Letters, 4, p. 805; Low, Y.M., Langley, R.S., (2008) Ocean Engineering, 35, p. 433; Low, Y.M., (2008) Ocean Engineering, 35, p. 1416; Yang, C.K., Kim, M.H., (2010) Ocean Engineering, 37 (8-9), p. 667. , H; Ma, G.Y., Tang, Hu, W., (2009) Journal of Sound and Vibration, 328, p. 369; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Shirazi, S.M., (2011) International Journal of the Physical Sciences, , In press, Corrected proof; Rasiulis, K., Gurkšnys, K., (2010) Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 16, p. 209; (2006), Karlson & Sorensen ABAQUS 6.9.1, IncJameel, M., (2008), and Ph D. Dissertation, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IndiaUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84863304570&partnerID=40&md5=1ab2359e2d600359efcb23f685b3abc4
M Jameel, A B M Islam, F A Salman, M Khaleel, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Wave data for shallow and deep water sedimentary basins of Malaysia   Advanced Science Letters 14: 1. 360-364  
Abstract: The recent years have seen significant development of offshore structures in Malaysian region for oil and gas exploration. Analyzing and studying the behavior of offshore marine structures subjected to environment conditions native to Malaysian seas offshore of Terengganu and Sarawak requires that the sea wave characteristics be properly probed. In addition, the knowledge of wave characteristics is essential for planning, design and construction of new ports coastal protection constructions, harbors and navigational channels. It correspondingly contributes to fisheries activities, navigation, marine habitat management and coastal development and planning. As this kind of research is still young for the case of Malaysian oil and gas exploration cum production activity, research methods are introduced and implemented in the study to catch on the wave characteristics in deep water be existent at offshore Terengganu and Sarawak. These essentially include obtaining reliable sea wave data for the purpose of offshore engineering design, studying the wave height distributions to predict the probability of occurrences of different sea states. Subsequently, the wave data’s for the water depths of the Terengganu and Sarawak basin, which is 200 m (shallow) and 2000 m (ultra-deep) respectively are developed. The sea wave data have been predicted for 100 years occurrence probabilities and 1000 years return periods.
Notes:
M Mohammadhassani, M Z Jumaat, M Jameel (2012)  Experimental investigation to compare the modulus of rupture in high strength self compacting concrete deep beams and high strength concrete normal beams   Construction and Building Materials 30: 265-273  
Abstract: This paper investigates and compares the cracking moment and modulus of rupture in deep and normal beams. Eight high-strength-self-compacting concrete (HSSCC) deep beams and nine high-strength concrete (HSC) normal beams are casted and tested. The results from ACI 318-95 and CSA-94 codes show the discrepancies in values of modulus of rupture for HSSCC deep and normal beams. These differences are due to non-consideration of load transfer mechanism in deep beams and high strength of concrete. Based on the present study ACI 318-95 is recommended for calculating modulus-of-rupture in HSSCC deep beams whereas CSA-94 is suggested for HSC normal beams.
Notes: 914YR Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:39
Islam A B M Saiful, Jameel Mohammed, Jumaat Mohd Zamin, S M Shirazi, A Salman Firas (2012)  Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating Spar platform for sustainable exploration   Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16: 8. 6268-6284  
Abstract: Rapidly rising trends of fuel consumption indicate enormous energy crisis of global proportions in near future. Following the trend, Malaysia’s fuel consumption has been increasing by an annual rate of 7.2% since 1990 and has even reached 44.9 Mtoe in 2008. It is forecasted to reach 207.3 Mtoe by the year 2030. Due to serious depletion of reserves in various onshore locations, the exploration process is expanded to offshore deeper waters. Seven sedimentary basins belonging to Malaysia, in South China Sea, show great promise to be excellent sources of hydrocarbons. For deep-sea exploration fixed offshore structures are not feasible. An economical alternative is Spar platforms, which are floating structures ideal for exploration of deep water deposits. In this research, Malaysian experience in offshore hydrocarbon exploration is investigated. Various kinds of operational Spar platforms are censoriously explored and their recent technical developments are reviewed. The study reveals that Malaysia’s primary energy requirements were met (in year 2008) with natural gas by 43.4% of the total, crude oil by 38.2%, coal by 15.3% and hydropower by 3.1%; indicating evidently that natural gas and crude oil are still the predominant energy sources. Out of the total energy, around 70% oil and 85% natural gas come from offshore fields. These large figures highlight the necessity to consider economically viable alternatives. Spar platform is an innovative marine structure designed to conduct such deep sea explorations. First commissioned Spar at Kikeh field of Malaysia is testimony to immense potential and possibilities of incorporating Spar platforms in the country’s deep reserves for sustainable energy generation. Classic Spar, Truss Spar, Cell Spar and Cell-truss Spar are identified to be well suited for these environments. Since the offshore fields are located at waters with more than 1000 m depth, Spar platforms can be successfully installed at these Malaysian deep water fields. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: RSERF Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Islam, A.B.M.S.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: abm.saiful@gmail.com References: Ong, H.C., Mahlia, T.M.I., Masjuki, H.H., A review on energy scenario and sustainable energy in Malaysia (2011) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, pp. 639-647; Akorede, M.F., Hizam, H., Pouresmaeil, E., Distributed energy resources and benefits to the environment (2010) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 724-734; Falcão, A.F.D.O., Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies (2010) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 899-918; GÃŒney, M.S., Kaygusuz, K., Hydrokinetic energy conversion systems: A technology status review (2010) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 2996-3004; YÃŒksel, I., Hydropower for sustainable water and energy development (2010) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 462-469; 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reinforced concrete, beam, cfrp, u- debonding, l-shaped steel end anchors, rc beams, plates, failure (2012)  Experimental Investigations on U- and L-Shaped End Anchored CFRP Laminate Strengthened Reinforced Concrete Beams   Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 37: 4. 905-919  
Abstract: Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using externally bonded CFRP laminate is the most popular choice. However, premature end peeling of CFRP laminate has been shown to be the main weakness of this method. Development of high shear and normal stresses at the end of strengthening laminate is the key reason to cause end peeling which is not preventable by conventional anchoring system. This paper presents the experimental investigations on the effects of U- and L-shaped steel end anchors on CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened r. c. beams to preclude end peeling. Analytical and numerical models are also used to compare the results. In the experimental programme, four rectangular r. c. beams were fabricated and tested. One beam was left as control and the other three beams were strengthened using CFRP laminates. From the strengthened beams, one was left un-anchored while rest two beams were end-anchored using U- and L-shaped steel plates. Results showed that all strengthened beams exhibited higher crack and ultimate loads along with less deflections and crack widths as compared to those of the control beam. The un-anchored strengthened beam failed by premature end peeling with brittle manner, whereas, U- and L-shaped end anchored strengthened beams failed by shear rather than end peeling. The end anchored beams had higher failure loads compared to un-anchored strengthened beam. The analytical and numerical results are similar to the experimental findings. © 2012 King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
Notes: 947PX Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:16
Abdul Wahab, Mohd Jamil, Jumaat Mohd Zamin, Mohamad Khaidzir Mohamad Omar (2012)  Statistical Technique for Grouping Tropical Timbers into Similar Strength Groups   Modern Applied Science 6: 3. 73-80  
Abstract: This paper focuses on statistical technique for the assessment of grouping tropical timbers into similar strength groups. The Student’s t-test was conducted to evaluate whether the values of mean MOE in bending of two timbers are statistically different from each other. A total of 23 Malaysian hardwoods of different strength classes were assessed by comparing MOE value of one timber to the next. The assessment is limited to species of data obtained from at least 40 specimens and from at least 5 trees. However, more species can be added by conducting extra test based on the similar test procedure. The results showed that from 23 timbers evaluated, they fall into 6 different levels, indicating 6 different timber groups of similar MOE. The outcome is almost similar to the previous groupings done through different methods. The grouping will serves as a guideline for converting small size specimens’ data into the equivalent structural timber test values.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Wahab, M.J.A.; Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia; email: mohdjamil@frim.gov.my References: Alik, D., Badorul, H.A.B., Strength Performance of Full-size Structural Timber of Dryrobalanops Species of Sarawak, Malaysia (2006) 9th World Conference Timber Engineering, , WCTE 2006; Burgess, H.J., Strength grouping of Malayan timbers (1956) Malayan Forester, 19 (1), pp. 33-36; Chu, Y.P., (1997) Timber Design Handbook, , Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor; Structural timber (2009) Strength classes, , EN 338; Structural timber (2004) Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density, , EN 384; Engku Abdul Rahman, C., Basic and Grade Stresses for Some Malaysian Timbers (1971) Malayan Forester, 34 (4), pp. 131-134; Engku Abdul Rahman, C., Basic and Grade Stresses for Strength Groups of Malaysian Timbers (1972) Malayan Forester, 35 (2), pp. 131-134; Geert, R., van de Kuilen, J.W., Comparison of methods of strength classification of tropical hardwood timber (2010) Proceedings of the Eleventh World Conference on Timber Engineering, pp. 20-24. , Riva Del Garda, Italy; Mansfield-Williams, H., (2010) Assistance with a route to CE marking for Malaysian structural timber, , Report for Forest Research Institute Malaysia Kepong, Malaysia. Report reference TE//F10260. TRADA Technology Ltd; Kliger, I.R., Perstorper, M., Johansson, G., Pellicane, P.J., Quality of timber products from Norway spruce (1995) Wood Science and Technology, 29 (6), pp. 397-410. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194198; Lee, Y.H., Engku Abdul Rahman, C., (1993) The Strength Properties of Some Malaysian Timbers, , Timber Trade Leaflet No.34. Forest Department, Kuala Lumpur. (Reprinted); (2001) Code of practice for structural use of timber: Part 2 - Permissible stress design of solid timber, , MS 544. (First revision); Okai, R., Frimpong-Mensah, K., Yeboah, D., Characterization of strength properties of branchwood and stemwood of some tropical hardwood species (2004) Wood Science and Technology, 38 (2), pp. 163-171. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-004-0232-x; Tan, Y.E., Mohamad Omar, M.K., Chong, S.Y., Mohd Jamil, A.W., Current strength grouping for structural timbers in Malaysia - its derivation? (2010) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Forestry and Forest Products 2010, pp. 5-7. , The Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur; Wong, T.M., (1982) A Dictionary of Malaysian Timbers, , Malayan Forest Records No. 30. Forest Department, Kuala Lumpur
M Mohammadhassani, M Z Jumaat, M Jameel, H Badiee, A M S Arumugam (2012)  Ductility and performance assessment of high strength self compacting concrete (HSSCC) deep beams : An experimental investigation   Nuclear Engineering and Design 250: 116-124  
Abstract: The behavior of deep beams is significantly different from that of normal beams. Because of their proportions, deep beams are likely to have strength controlled by shear. This paper discusses the results of eight simply supported high strength self compacting concrete (HSSCC) deep beams having variation in ratio of web reinforcement and tensile reinforcement. The deflection at two points along the beam length, web strains, tensile bars strains and the strain at concrete surface are recorded. The results show that the strain distribution at the section height of mid span is nonlinear. Ductility decreased with increase in tensile reinforcement ratio. The effect of width of load point and the support point is more important than the effect of tensile reinforcement ratio in preventing premature failure. Load-deflection graphs confirm linear relationship up to 85% of the ultimate load for HSSCC over-reinforcement web sections. The absorbed energy index increases with the increase in tensile reinforcement ratios.
Notes: 998US Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:26
A B M S Islam, M Jameel, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Oil and Gas Energy Potential at Malaysian Seabed and Spar Platform for Deepwater Installation   International Journal of Green Energy 9: 2. 111-120  
Abstract: Offshore sedimentary basins of Malaysian region indicate abundant sources of energy at its seabed. Furthermore, depletion of oil and gas reserves in its onshore land and shallow water depth has accelerated the exploration toward these deeper waters. Frequent increasing demand requires precise investigation to acquire these energies in optimum custom. A competent exploration structure is also desired for energy extraction from the deep water. In this study, oil and gas status in Malaysian scenario is reconnoitered. As the sea wave influences greatly on offshore structures, approaches for collecting wave data are sightseen. The structural configuration and characteristics of compliant floating spar platform for energy extraction are addressed. The study reveals that the continental shelf offshore of Malaysian waters is divided into seven sedimentary basins, among which three basins have major ongoing oil and gas extraction activity. Around 68% oil and 86% natural gas of the country’s reserves are located in East Malaysia at offshore Sabah and Sarawak. Except the Kebabangan field, all the other offshore energy reserves are located at more than 1000 m depth. In lieu of a fixed platform, a floating platform will be a competent energy extraction structure in this deeper water. The deep water wave data can be appropriately obtained in satellite altimetry approach for its extent of accuracy. The first installed spar at Kikeh field denotes bright possibilities of incorporating spar platform in Malaysian sedimentary basins. If spar platforms are installed at these deeper vicinities, all the basins will certainly climb in optimum operation yielding a huge usable energy.
Notes: 913CY Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:28
A B M S Islam, R R Hussain, M Jameel, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Non-linear time domain analysis of base isolated multi-storey building under site specific bi-directional seismic loading   Automation in Construction 22: 554-566  
Abstract: The incorporation of base isolation in building construction in the region of medium risk seismicity is now an important issue. Thorough investigation is needed for buildings located in those regions, to be incorporated with base isolator and then dynamic analysis to carry over. This research provides incorporation of Lead Rubber Bearing and High Damping Rubber Bearing as base isolators in addition to focussing on the changes of structural parameters for isolating effects in those vicinities. Nonlinear models of Lead Rubber Bearing and High Damping Rubber Bearing have been built up. The design of base isolators for building construction is covered along with structural feasibility. Linear static, free vibration and nonlinear dynamic time domain analyses are performed for both isolated and non-isolated buildings under site specific bi-directional earthquake. The automated Newmark-beta time integration approach has been adopted for solution in time domain. The nonlinearities, arising due to base isolated bearings and seismic forces are duly considered. The study reveals that for medium rise building construction, isolation can significantly reduce seismic response in soft to medium stiff soil. The reduction of overturning base moment due to isolation indicates that the building becomes more stable compared to the fixed base structure. Modelled non-linear bearings have been found to be suitable to cope with the precise nonlinearities. The building experiences more flexibility even when using the same structural element configuration. In addition, the flexibility of the structure envisages some sort of savings due to reduced structural responses through incorporation of the isolator. In seismic vulnerable areas where the main concern is the mitigation of the seismic instability with the support of critical components, the study shows the effectiveness of the base isolation system in terms of lessening structural responses under seismic loading. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Notes: Sp. Iss. SI 910LF Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:55
P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H Bin Mahmud, N A A Hamid (2012)  Lightweight concrete made from crushed oil palm shell : Tensile strength and effect of initial curing on compressive strength   Construction and Building Materials 27: 1. 252-258  
Abstract: Oil palm shell (OPS) is a waste lightweight aggregate originating from the palm oil industry, which is approximately 50% lighter than conventional aggregate. In this study, crushed old OPS was used as coarse aggregate. Compressive strength under different curing conditions and the splitting tensile and flexural strengths were compared with those of the normal weight granite concrete. The test results showed that OPS concrete with a compressive strength in the range of 34-53 MPa has a splitting tensile strength range of 2.8-3.5 MPa and flexural strength range of 4.4-7.0 MPa. The sensitivity of compressive strength of OPS concrete in this study is significantly lower than uncrushed OPS concrete reported in the literature. The sensitivity of OPS concrete, under poor curing regime, can be reduced by decreasing the water/cement ratio, increasing the OPS content or reducing the cement content. It was found that there was no substantial difference in 28-day compressive strength for OPS concretes cured initially for 3, 5 and 7 days. The 28-day compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths of OPS concrete was found to be 38%, 28% and 17%, lower than that of granite concrete, respectively. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Notes: 866EM Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:58
Narmashiri Kambiz, Jumaat Mohd Zamin, Sulong N H Ramli (2012)  Strengthening of steel I-beams using CFRP strips : An investigation on CFRP bond length   Advances in Structural Engineering 15: 12. 2191-2204  
Abstract: This research investigates the effects of applying different bond lengths for Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips used in flexural strengthening of steel I-beams. Wide range of the structural parameters i.e. load bearing capacity, failure mode, strain on CFRP, strain on adhesive, strain on steel beam, lateral deformation, and vertical deflection were investigated. Both numerical and experimental studies were employed. To simulate the specimens, ANSYS software in three dimensional (3D) modelling case and non-linear analysis method was utilized. In the experimental test, four-point bending method with static gradual loading was applied. Results indicate that using shorter CFRP bond lengths caused brittle behaviour, and applying longer CFRP bond lengths resulted in more flexible behaviour. Using different CFRP bond lengths affected the whole structural behaviours of the strengthened beams.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: ASEDD Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Narmashiri, K.; Department of Civil Engineering, Zahedan Branch, Lamic Azad University, Zahedan 98168, Iran; email: narmashiri@iauzah.ac.ir References: Al-Emrani, M., Linghoff, D., Kliger, R., Bonding strength and fracture mechanisms in composite steel-CFRP elements (2005) Proceedings of International Symposium on Bond Behaviour of FRP in Structures (BBFS 2005), , Hong Kong, China; Bocciarelli, M., Colombi, P., Fava, G., Poggi, C., Prediction of debonding strength of tensile steel/CFRP joints using fracture mechanics and stress based criteria (2009) Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 76 (2), pp. 299-313; Buyukozturk, O., Gunes, O., Karaca, E., Progress on understanding debonding problems in reinforced concrete and steel members strengthened using FRP composites (2004) Construction and Building Materials, 18 (1), pp. 9-19; Chen, J.F., Teng, J.G., Anchorage strength models for FRP and steel plates bonded to concrete (2001) Journal of Structural Engineering, 127 (7), pp. 784-791. , DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:7(784), Reportnr 22327; Chiew, S.P., Lie, S.T., Lee, C.K., Yu, Y., Debonding failure model for FRP retrofitted steel beams (2005) Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, , Shanghai, China; Colombi, P., Poggi, C., An experimental, analytical and numerical study of the static behavior of steel beams reinforced by pultruded CFRP strips (2006) Composites Part B: Engineering, 37 (1), pp. 64-73. , DOI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.03.002, PII S1359836805000697; Dawood, M.M.R., (2005) Fundamental Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams Strengthened with High Modulus Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), , Materials Master Thesis North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Behaviour under static loading of metallic beams reinforced with a bonded CFRP plate (2007) Composite Structures, 78 (2), pp. 232-242. , DOI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.09.004, PII S0263822305002485; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Fatigue performance of metallic beam strengthened with a bonded CFRP plate (2007) Composite Structures, 78 (2), pp. 222-231. , DOI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.09.003, PII S0263822305002473; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Moy, S.S.J., Stress analysis of steel beams reinforced with a bonded CFRP plate (2004) Composite Structures, 65 (2), pp. 205-215. , DOI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2003.10.017, PII S0263822303003337; Fernando, N.D., (2010) Bond Behaviour and Debonding Failures in CFRP-Strengthened Steel Members, , PhD Thesis The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Control of interfacial stresses in beams strengthened with prestressed cfrp laminates (2007) Proceedings of Asia-acific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2007), , Hong Kong, China; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Interfacial stress analysis of geometrically modified adhesive joints in steel beams strengthened with FRP laminates (2009) Construction and Building Materials, 23 (3), pp. 1413-1422; Lenwari, A., Thepchatri, T., Albrecht, P., Flexural response of steel beams strengthened with partial-length CFRP plates (2005) Journal of Composites for Construction, 9 (4), pp. 296-303. , DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:4(296); Lenwari, A., Thepchatri, T., Albrecht, P., Debonding strength of steel beams strengthened with CFRP plate (2006) Journal of Composite for Construction, ASCE, 10 (1), pp. 69-78; Linghoff, D., (2006) Strengthening Steel Beams with Adhesively Bonded Composite Laminates, , PhD Thesis Chalmers University of Technology, Landala, Sweden; Linghoff, D., Al-Emrani, M., Performance of steel beams strengthened with CFRP laminate-art 2: FE analyses (2010) Composites: Part B Engineering, 41 (7), pp. 516-522; Linghoff, D., Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Carbon-fibre composites for strengthening steel structures (2009) Thin Walled Structures, 47 (10), pp. 1048-1058; Messick, S.C., (1996) Adhesive Selection and Evaluation for Strengthening Steel Stringer Bridges Using CFRP, , PhD Thesis, West Virginia University West Virginia, USA; Narmashiri, K., (2011) Flexural Strengthening of Steel Beams Using CFRP Materials, Part One: An Investigation on CFRP Failure Modes, , VDM Verlag Dr. MÌller, Germany; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Reinforced steel i-beams: A comparison between 2d and 3d simulation (2011) Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 19 (1), pp. 564-585; Narmashiri, K., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Jumaat, M.Z., Failure analysis and structural behaviour of CFRP strengthened steel I-beams (2012) Construction and Building Materials, 30, pp. 1-9; Nozaka, K., Shield, C.K., Hajjar, J.F., Design of a test specimen to assess the effective bond length of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer strips bonded to fatigued steel bridge girders (2005) Journal of Composites for Construction, 9 (4), pp. 304-312. , DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:4(304); Nozaka, K., Shield, C.K., Hajjar, J.F., Effective bond length of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer strips bonded to fatigued steel bridge I-girders (2005) Journal of Bridge Engineering, 10 (2), pp. 195-205. , DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2005)10:2(195); Schnerch, D., Stanford, K., Sumner, E., Rizkalla, S., Bond behavior of CFRP strengthened steel bridges and structures (2005) Proceedings of International Symposium on Bond Behaviour of FRP in Structures (BBFS 2005), , International Institute for FRP in Construction, Hong Kong, China; Schnerch, D., Dawood, M., Sumner, E., Rizkalla, S., Design guidelines for strengthening of steel-concrete composite beams with high modulus CFRP materials (2006) Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Short and Medium Span Bridges, , Montreal, Quebec, Canada; (2008) SIKA® Product Information Second Ed., , SIKA, Sika® Kimia Sdn Bhd., Kuala Lumpur; Teng, J.G., Zhang, J.W., Smith, S.T., Interfacial stresses in reinforced concrete beams bonded with a soffit plate: A finite element study (2002) Construction and Building Materials, 16 (1), pp. 1-14. , DOI 10.1016/S0950-0618(01)00029-0, PII S0950061801000290; Teng, J.G., Yu, T., Fernando, D., FRP composites in steel structures (2009) Proceedings of the Third International Forum on Advances in Structural Engineering, , Shanghai, China
P Shafigh, H B Mahmud, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Oil palm shell lightweight concrete as a ductile material   Materials and Design 36: 650-654  
Abstract: Crushed large oil palm shell (OPS) was used as a coarse aggregate in four different concrete mixtures. The stress-strain behavior and modulus of elasticity of OPS concrete were investigated and compared to granite normal weight concrete (NWC) and expanded clay lightweight concrete (LWC). The stress-strain curve of the OPS concrete showed that this type of LWC, in contrast to many types of structural LWC, is a ductile material. The highest E value of about 18.4. GPa was achieved in this study, which is significantly higher than previous studies. It was found that the E value of crushed OPS LWC was approximately 53% of the control NWC, which is approximately twice that of the uncrushed OPS concrete reported in the literature. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Shafigh, P.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: p.shafigh@siswa.um.edu.my References: Shafigh, P., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Mix design and mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete - a review (2010) Int J Phys Sci, 5 (14), pp. 2127-2134; Shafigh, P., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Oil palm shell as a lightweight aggregate for production high strength lightweight concrete (2011) Constr Build Mater, 25, pp. 1848-1853; Okafor, F.O., An investigation on the use of superplasticizer in palm kernel shell aggregate concrete (1991) Cem Concr Res, 21, pp. 551-557; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Cem Concr Res, 29, pp. 619-622; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Zakaria, I., Flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight OPS concrete beams (2006), pp. 244-52. , In: 9th International conference on concrete engineering and technology, MalaysiaTeo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Ganapathy, C., Lightweight concrete made from oil palm shell (OPS): structural bond and durability properties (2007) Build Environ, 42, pp. 2614-2621; Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Influence of cementitious materials and aggregates content on compressive strength of palm kernel shell concrete (2008) J Appl Sci, 8 (18), pp. 3207-3213; Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Fayyadh, M.M., Shear behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams (2011) Constr Build Mater, 25, pp. 2918-2927; Alengaram, U.J., Mahmud, H., Jumaat, M.Z., Comparison of mechanical and bond properties of oil palm kernel shell concrete with normal weight concrete (2010) Int J Phys Sci, 5 (8), pp. 1231-1239; Alengaram, U.J., Mahmud, H., Jumaat, M.Z., Shirazi, S.M., Effect of aggregate size and proportion on strength properties of palm kernel shell concrete (2010) Int J Phys Sci, 5 (12), pp. 1848-1856; (1997), (PART 1). , BS 8110. Structural use of concrete. Code of practice for design and construction. British Standards Institution, London, UKMannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Engineering properties of concrete with oil palm shell as coarse aggregate (2002) Constr Build Mater, 16, pp. 29-34; Alengaram, U.J., Mahmud, H., Jumaat, M.Z., Enhancement and prediction of modulus of elasticity of palm kernel shell concrete (2011) Mater Des, 32 (4), pp. 2143-2148; Mehta, P.K., Monteiro, P.J.M., (2006) Concrete: microstructure, properties and materials, , McGraw-Hill, New York; Shetty, M.S., (2005), Concrete technology theory and practice. 3rd Multicolor illustrative revised ed., India(1987), ACI Committee 213. Guide for structural lightweight aggregate concrete, (ACI 213R-87). American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MIChandra, S., Berntsson, L., (2002) Lightweight aggregate concrete: science, technology, and applications, , Noyes/William A Publ., United States; Domagala, L., Modification of properties of structural lightweight concrete with steel fibers (2011) J Civil Eng Manage, 17 (1), pp. 36-44; Balendran, R.V., Zhou, F.P., Nadeem, A., Leung, A.Y.T., Influence of steel fibres on strength and ductility of normal and lightweight high strength concrete (2002) Build Environ, 37, pp. 1361-1367; Campione, G., Miraglia, N., Papia, M., Mechanical properties of steel fibre reinforced lightweight concrete with pumice stone or expanded clay aggregates (2001) Mater Struct, 34, pp. 201-210; Libre, N.A., Shekarchi, M., Mahoutian, M., Soroushian, P., Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete made with natural pumice (2011) Constr Build Mater, 25 (5), pp. 2458-2464; Gao, J., Suqa, W., Morino, K., Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced, high-strength, lightweight concrete (1997) Cem Con Comp, 19, pp. 307-313; Rossignolo, J.A., Agnesini, M.V.C., Morais, J.A., Properties of high-performance LWAC for precast structures with Brazilian lightweight aggregates (2003) Cem Con Comp, 25, pp. 77-82; Topcu, I.B., Uygunoglu, T., Effect of aggregate type on properties of hardened self-consolidating lightweight concrete (SCLC) (2010) Constr Build Mater, 24, pp. 1286-1295; McCormac, J.C., Nelson, J.K., (2006) Design of reinforced concrete, , John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA; Shannag, M.J., Characteristics of lightweight concrete containing mineral admixtures (2011) Constr Build Mater, 25, pp. 658-662; Akbar, H., Design of reinforced concrete structures (2008) Basic topics, 1. , Simay Danesh Publ., Iran; Turatsinzea, A., Garros, M., On the modulus of elasticity and strain capacity of self-compacting concrete incorporating rubber aggregates (2008) Reso Conser Recycl, 52, pp. 1209-1215; Ray, S.S., (1995) Reinforced concrete: analysis and design, , Blackwell Science Ltd., First published, UK; Shafigh, P., Mahmud, H., Jumaat, M.Z., Effect of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight concrete (2011) Mater Des, 32 (7), pp. 3926-3932; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Production of lightweight concrete using oil palm shell (OPS) aggregates (2009), pp. 661-6. , In: 4th International conference on construction materials: performance, innovations and structural implications, Nagoya, JapanBabu, K.G., Babu, D.S., Behaviour of lightweight expanded polystyrene concrete containing silica fume (2003) Cem Concr Res, 33, pp. 755-762; Babu, D.S., Babu, K.G., Wee, T.W., Properties of lightweight expanded polystyrene aggregate concretes containing fly ash (2005) Cem Concr Res, 35, pp. 1218-1223; Chena, B., Liu, J., Properties of lightweight expanded polystyrene concrete reinforced with steel fiber (2004) Cem Concr Res, 34, pp. 1259-1263; Siddique, R., Naik, T.R., Properties of concrete containing scrap-tire rubber - an overview (2004) Waste Manage, 24, pp. 563-569; Al-Manaseer, A.A., Dalal, T.R., Concrete containing plastic aggregates (1997) Concr Int, 19 (8), pp. 47-52; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as aggregate for concrete (1988) Cem Concr Res, 18, pp. 901-910; Mannan, M.A., Basri, H.B., Zain, M.F.M., Islam, M.N., Effect of curing conditions on the properties of OPS-concrete (2002) Build Environ, 37, pp. 1167-1171; Jumaat, M.Z., Alengaram, U.J., Mahmud, H., Shear strength of oil palm shell foamed concrete beams (2009) Mater Des, 30, pp. 2227-2236; Neville, A.M., (2008) Properties of concrete, , CTP-VVP, Malaysia; Shafigh, P., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Alengaram, U.J., A new method of producing high strength oil palm shell lightweight concrete (2011) Mater Des, 32 (10), pp. 4839-4843; Kockal, N.U., Ozturan, T., Strength and elastic properties of structural lightweight concretes (2011) Mater Des, 32 (4), pp. 2396-2403; (1985), (PART 2). , BS 8110:1985. 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Safiuddin Md, Rahman Md Moshiur, Salam Md Abdus, Md Isa Mohd Hafizan, Jumaat Mohd Zamin (2012)  Properties of Self-Consolidating Palm Oil Fuel Ash Concrete   Advanced Science Letters 17: 1. 312-319  
Abstract: This paper presents the fresh and hardened properties of self-consolidating palm oil fuel ash concretes. Different self-consolidating concrete mixtures were produced based on the water/binder ratios of 0.40, 0.50 and 0.60. Palm oil fuel ash was incorporated in concretes substituting 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of normal portland cement by weight. The freshly mixed concretes were tested for filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The hardened concretes were tested for compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, and permeable porosity. The effects of water/binder ratio and palm oil fuel ash content on the properties of concrete were observed. The correlations of compressive strength with ultrasonic pulse velocity and permeable porosity were also indentified. According to test results, the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity decreased while the water absorption and permeable porosity increased with higher water/binder ratio. Palm oil fuel ash was not effective in improving the hardened properties of concretes produced with the water/binder ratios of 0.50 and 0.60. However, significant improvement was observed when palm oil fuel ash was used in concrete with the water/binder ratio of 0.40. The optimum palm oil fuel ash content was 5% in the context of present study. © 2012 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, M.; Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada References: Khayat, K.H., (1999) ACI Mater. J., 96, p. 346; Aggarwal, P., Siddique, R., Aggarwal, Y., Gupta, S.M., (2008) Leonardo Electron. J. Pract. Technol., 12, p. 15; Dhonde, H.B., Mo, Y.L., Hsu, T.T.C., Vogel, J., (2007) ACI Mater. J., 104, p. 491; Safiuddin, M., (2008) Development of self-consolidating high performance concrete incorporating rice husk ash, , Ph.D. Thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Safiuddin, M., West, J.S., Soudki, K.A., (2010) Cem. Concr. Compos., 32, p. 708; Safiuddin, M., West, J.S., Soudki, K.A., (2012) Constr. Build. Mater., 30, p. 833; Khayat, K.H., (2000) ACI Mater. J., 97, p. 526; Bouzoubaâ, N., Lachemi, M., (2001) Cem. Concr. 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P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H B Mahmud (2012)  Effect of Replacement of Normal Weight Coarse Aggregate with Oil Palm Shell on Properties of Concrete   Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 37: 4. 955-964  
Abstract: Oil palm shell (OPS) is a waste from the agricultural sector and is available in large quantities in the tropical regions. This paper investigates the effect of the replacement of normal weight coarse aggregate by oil palm shells on the compressive strength, density, modulus of elasticity, workability and water absorption. The gradation of substitution was 0, 28, 55, 83 and 100 %. Two mixes based on high strength concrete (HSC) with binder (cement + silica fume) content of 550 and 600 kg/m 3 were used. The results show that the compressive strength, density and modulus of elasticity decrease and workability and water absorption increase by the percentage of OPS substitution increase. The results of this study show that there is a possibility of producing lightweight concretes using more than 40 % OPS in HSC mixes with adequate strength and also achieve a saving in the self-weight of about 28 %. © 2012 King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Shafigh, P.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; email: p_shafigh@yahoo.com References: Olanipekun, E.A., Olusola, K.O., Ata, O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Build. Environ., 41, pp. 297-301; Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Ductility behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams (2008) Eur. J. Scientific Res., 23 (3), pp. 406-420; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beams made with oil palm shell (OPS) (2006) J. Adv. Concrete Technol., 4 (3), pp. 459-468; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Ganapathy, C., Lightweight concrete made from oil palm shell (OPS): structural bond and durability properties (2007) Build. Environ., 42, pp. 2614-2621; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate for concrete (1988) Cement Concrete Res., 18, pp. 901-910; Okpala, D.C., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate in concrete (1990) Build. Environ., 25, pp. 291-296; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Engineering properties of concrete with oil palm shell as coarse aggregate (2002) Constr. Build. Mater., 16, pp. 29-34; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Cement Concrete Res., 29, pp. 619-622; Mannan, M.A., Basri, H.B., Zainn, M.F.M., Islam, M.N., Effect of curing conditions on the properties of ops-concrete (2002) Build. Environ., 37, pp. 1167-1171; Part 116 Method for Determination of Compressive Strength of Concrete Cubes, , BS1881, British Stan Ins, London; Newman, J., Choo, B.S., (2003) Advanced Concrete Technology-Constituent Materials, , Great Britain: Butterworth-Heinemann; Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C330-89; Kayali, O., Haque, M.N., Zhu, B., Drying shrinkage of fiber-reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete containing fly ash (1999) Cement Concrete Res., 29, pp. 1835-1840; Atis, C.D., Zcan, F.O., Kilic, A., Karahan, O., Bilim, C., Severcan, M.H., Influence of dry and wet curing conditions on compressive strength of silica fume concrete (2005) Build. Environ., 40, pp. 1678-1683; Caldarone, M.A., (2009) High-Strength Concrete-a Practical Guide, , Canada: Taylor & Francis; Holm, T.A., Bremner, T.W., (2000) State of the art report on high strength, high durability structural low-density concrete for applications in severe marine environments, , US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center. ERDC/SL TR-00-3; Neville, A.M., Brooks, J.J., (2008) Concrete Technology, , Malaysia: Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd, PP(CTP); Lo, T.Y., Cui, H.Z., Li, Z.G., Influence of aggregate pre-wetting and fly ash on mechanical properties of lightweight concrete (2004) Waste Manag., 24, pp. 333-338; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, V.J., Structural concrete using oil palm shell (OPS) as lightweight aggregate (2006) Turk. J. Eng. Env. Sci., 30, pp. 251-257; Topcu, I.B., Uygunoglu, T., Effect of aggregate type on properties of hardened self- consolidating lightweight concrete (SCLC) (2010) Constr. Build. Mater., 24 (7), pp. 1286-1295
S V Razavi, M Z Jumaat, E S H Ahmed, P Mohammadi (2012)  Using generalized regression neural network (GRNN) for mechanical strength prediction of lightweight mortar   Computers and Concrete 10: 4. 379-390  
Abstract: In this paper, the mechanical strength of different lightweight mortars made with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 percentage of scoria instead of sand and 0.55 water-cement ratio and 350 kg/m3 cement content is investigated. The experimental result showed 7.9%, 16.7% and 49% decrease in compressive strength, tensile strength and mortar density, respectively, by using 100% scoria instead of sand in the mortar. The normalized compressive and tensile strength data are applied for artificial neural network (ANN) generation using generalized regression neural network (GRNN). Totally, 90 experimental data were selected randomly and applied to find the best network with minimum mean square error (MSE) and maximum correlation of determination. The created GRNN with 2 input layers, 2 output layers and a network spread of 0.1 had minimum MSE close to 0 and maximum correlation of determination close to 1.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Razavi, S.V.; Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran; email: vahidrazavy@yahoo.com References: Aydin, A.C., Karakoç, M.B., DÌzgÌn, O.A., Bayraktutan, M.S., Effect of low quality aggregates on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete (2010) Sci. Res. Essays, 5 (10), pp. 1133-1140; (1996) Determination of the Dry Density of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete with Open Structure, , BS EN 992, British Standards Institution; Specht, D.F., Probabilistic neural networks (1990) Neural Networks, 3 (1), pp. 109-118; Famili, H., (1997) A Project About Lightweight concrete, , Published by University of Elmo sanat, Iran, Tehran; Gadea, J., Rodríguez, A., Campos, P., Garabito, J., Calderón, V., Lightweight mortar made with recycled polyurethane foam (2010) Cement Concrete Comp., 32 (9), pp. 672-677; Kendrick, R., Acton, D., Duncan, A., Phase-diversity wave-front sensor for imaging systems (1994) Appl. Optics, 33 (27), pp. 6533-6547; Lanzon, M., Garcia-Ruiz, P.A., Lightweight cement mortars: Advantages and inconveniences of expanded perlite and its influence on fresh and hardened state and durability (2008) Construction and Building Materials, 22 (8), pp. 1798-1806. , DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.05.006, PII S095006180700133X; Lo, T.Y., Cui, H.Z., Effect of porous lightweight aggregate on strength of concrete (2004) Mater. Lett., 58 (6), pp. 916-919; Mahesh, P., Surinder, D., Modeling pile capacity using support vector machines and generalized regression neural network (2008) J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 134 (7), p. 1021; Mahmut, F., Gungor, M., Generalized regression neural networks and feed forward neural networks for prediction of scour depth around bridge piers (2007) Adv. Eng. Softw., 40 (8), pp. 731-737; Mannan, M.A., Alexander, J., Ganapathy, C., Teo, D., Quality improvement of oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate in lightweight concrete (2006) Build. Environ., 41 (9), pp. 1239-1242; Merikallio, T., Mannonen, R., Penttala, V., Drying of lightweight concrete produced from crushed expanded clay aggregates (1996) Cement and Concrete Research, 26 (9), pp. 1423-1433. , DOI 10.1016/0008-8846(96)00116-0, PII S0008884696001160; Mukesh, D., Introduction to neural networks: Application of neural computing for process chemists, part 1 (1996) J. Chem. Educ., 73 (5), pp. 431-434; Rajamane, N.P., Annie Peter, J., Ambily, P.S., Prediction of compressive strength of concrete with fly ash as sand replacement material (2007) Cement and Concrete Composites, 29 (3), pp. 218-223. , DOI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.10.001, PII S095894650600179X; Razavi, S.V., Jumaat, M.Z., El-Shafie, A.H., Mohammadi, P., Artificial neural network for mechanical strength prediction of lightweight mortar (2011) Sci. Res. Essays, 6 (16), pp. 3406-3417; Sanahi, G., (1998) Application of Perlit in Construction Process, , University of Tabriz, Iran; Sari, D., Pasamehmetoglu, A., (2004) The Effect of Grading and Admixture on the Pumice Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Depart. Civil Eng., , Atilim University. Ankara. Turkey; Shideler, J., Lightweight aggregate concrete for structural use (1975) ACI J., 54 (4), pp. 299-328; Shorabi, M., Rigi, A., Application of lightweight concrete properties with lightweight grain of taftan in construction method (2005) 2nd International Conferences on Concrete & Development, p. 109. , Tehran, Iran; Short, M., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, p. 464. , Galliard; Topcu, I.B., Semi lightweight concretes produced by volcanic slags (1997) Cement and Concrete Research, 27 (1), pp. 15-21. , PII S0008884696001901; Unal, O., Uygunoglu, T., Yildiz, A., Investigation of properties of low-strength lightweight concrete for thermal insulation (2007) Building and Environment, 42 (2), pp. 584-590. , DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.024, PII S0360132305004294; Wehenkel, L., Contingency severity assessment for voltage security using non-parametric regression techniques (1996) IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 11 (1), pp. 101-111; Wei, Y., Yang, J., Lin, Y., Chuang, S., Wang, H., Recycling of harbor sediment as lightweight aggregate (2008) Mar. Pollut. Bull., 57 (6-12), pp. 867-872; Williams, T., Gucunski, N., Neural networks for backcalculation of modula from SASW test (1995) J. Comput. Civil Eng., 9 (1), pp. 1-9
M Safiuddin, M Z Jumaat, M A Salam (2012)  Flowing ability of self-consolidating concrete and its binder paste phase including palm oil fuel ash   Magazine of Concrete Research 64: 10. 931-944  
Abstract: The flowing abilities of different self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixes and their binder paste phases including palm oil fuel ash (POFA) are presented in this paper. SCC mixes were produced with several water/binder (W/B) ratios and POFA contents. The binder pastes were formulated from their parent SCC mixes. The flowing abilities of SCC mixes were measured with respect to slump flow, T-50 slump flow time, inverted slump cone flow time and V-funnel flow time. The flowing abilities of binder pastes were determined with regard to the flow times at various dosages of high-range water reducer (HRWR). The experimental results revealed that the W/B ratio, POFA content and HRWR dosage have significant influences on the flowing abilities of both SCC and binder paste. The research findings also showed that excellent correlation exists between the flowing abilities of SCC and its binder paste phase.
Notes: Safiuddin, Md Jumaat, Mohd Zamin Salam, Md Abdus
K Narmashiri, N H R Sulong, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Failure analysis and structural behaviour of CFRP strengthened steel I-beams   Construction and Building Materials 30: 1-9  
Abstract: This paper reports the experimental and numerical investigations on the Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) failure analysis and structural behaviour of the CFRP flexural strengthened steel l-beams. Understanding the CFRP failure modes is useful to find solutions for preventing or retarding the failures. One non-strengthened control beam and twelve strengthened beams using different types and dimensions of CFRP strips in both experimental test and simulation modelling studies were investigated. In the experimental test, four-point bending method with static gradual loading was applied. To simulate the specimens, the ANSYS software in full three dimensional (3D) modelling case and non-linear analysis method was utilized. The results show the CFRP failure modes used in flexural strengthening of steel l-beams include below point load splitting (BS), below point load debonding (BD), end delamination (EDL), and end debonding (ED). The occurrences and sequences of CFRP failure modes depended on the strengthening schedule. The structural performance of the CFRP strengthened steel beams also varied according to the strengthening specifications investigated in this research. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Notes: 914YR Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:23
2011
M Kobraei, M Z Jumaat, P Shafigh (2011)  An experimental study on shear reinforcement in RC beams using CFRP-bars   Scientific Research and Essays 6: 16. 3447-3460  
Abstract: Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) as an alternative to steel in reinforced concrete (RC) beams has become increasingly popular. The merits of FRP include high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance, and its advantages cannot be ignored in civil engineering. Consequently, FRP has attracted considerable interest from researchers. In this research, the effects of using CFRP bars as shear reinforcement instead of stirrups in RC beams have been investigated. All beams were cast using a high strength concrete (HSC), which was also a self-compacting concrete (SCC). For this new idea, modes of failure for seven laboratory specimens, including a comparison of the ultimate moment capacity of beams, load-deflection control, load of first crack, crack width and position of the neutral axis (N.A.) were analysed. The results show that using carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) shear reinforcement can be an acceptable alternative for normal stirrups in RC beams.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Kobraei, M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: mkobraei@yahoo.com References: (2004) Guide Test Methods for Fiber-Rreinforced Polymers (FRPs) for Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures, , ACI 440.3R-04, ACI, Farmington Hills, MI, USA; (1999) Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-99) and Commentary(318R-99), , ACI Committee 318, ACI, Farmington Hills, Mich; (2006) Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars (ACI440.1R-06), , ACI Committee 440, ACI, Farmington Hills; Ali, M.M.S.M., Oehlers, D.J., Griffit, M.C., Seracino, R., Interfacial stress transfer of near surface-mounted FRP-to-concrete joints (2008) Eng. Struc., 30 (7), pp. 1861-1868; Almusallam, T.H., Al-Salloum, Y.A., Alsayed, S.H., Amjad, M.A., Behavior of concrete beams doubly reinforced by FRP bars (1997) Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Non-metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS- 3), 2, pp. 471-478. , Japan; Alsayed, S.H., Flexural behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars (1998) Cem. Concr. Compos., 20 (1), pp. 1-11; Standard practice for conditioning plastics and electrical insulating materials for testing (1995) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 8, p. 01. , ASTM D618-61, Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials; Badawi, M., Soudki, K., Flexural strengthening of RC beams with prestressed NSM CFRP rods - Experimental and analytical investigation (2009) Cons. Buil. Mater., 23 (10), pp. 3292-3300; Barros, J.A.O., Fortes, A.S., Flexural strengthening of concrete beams with CFRP laminates bonded into slits (2005) Cem. Conc. Compo., 27 (4), pp. 471-480; Blaschko, M., Zilch, K., Rehabilitation of concrete structures with strips glued into slits (1999) Proceedings of the 12th Int, , Conference on Composite Materials, Paris; Chitsazan, I., Kobraei, M., Zamin, J.M., Shafigh, P., An experimental study on the flexural behavior of FRP RC beams and a comparison of the ultimate moment capacity with ACI (2010) J. Civ. Eng. Cons. Tech., 1 (2), pp. 27-42; El-Hacha, R., Rizkalla, S.H., Near-surface-mounted fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcements for flexural strengthening of concrete structures (2004) Stru. J., 101 (5), pp. 717-726; Faisal, F.W., Samir, A.A., Ghazi, S.H., Shear behavior of reinforced high-strength concrete beams without shear reinforcement (1994) Eng. J. Qatar Univ., 7, pp. 91-113; Islam, A.K.M., Effective methods of using CFRP bars in shear strengthening of concrete girders (2009) Eng. Stru., 31 (3), pp. 709-714; Lorenzis, D.L., Nanni, A., Bond between near-surface mounted FRP rods and concrete in structural strengthening (2002) ACI Stru. J., 99 (2), pp. 123-133; Nanni, A., Composites: Coming on Strong (1999) Con. Constr., 44 (1), pp. 120-124; Novidis, D., Pantazopoulou, S.J., Tentolouris, E., Experimental study of bond of NSM-FRP reinforcement (2007) Cons. Buil. Mater., 21 (8), pp. 1760-1770; Rizzo, A., de Lorenzis, L., Behavior and capacity of RC beams strengthened in shear with NSM FRP reinforcement (2009) Cons. BuiL. Mater., 23 (4), pp. 1555-1567; Thériault, M., Benmokrane, B., Effects of FRP reinforcement ratio and concrete strength on flexural behavior of concrete beams (1998) J. Compo. Const., 2 (1), pp. 7-16; Tureyen, A.K., Frosch, R.J., Shear tests of FRP-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups (2002) ACI Struct. J., 99 (4), pp. 427-434; Wang, B., Teng, J.G., Lorenzis, L.D., Zhou, L.M., Ou, J., Jin, W., Lau, K.T., Strain monitoring of RC members strengthened with smart NSM FRP bars (2009) Cons. Buil. Mate., 23 (4), pp. 1698-1711; Yang, J., Wu, Y.F., Interfacial stresses of FRP strengthened concrete beams: Effect of shear deformation (2007) Compo. Struct., 80 (3), pp. 343-351; Yost, J.R., Goodspeed, C.H., Schmeckpeper, E.R., Flexural performance of concrete beams reinforced with grids (2001) J. Compo. Constr., 5 (1), pp. 18-25
Mohammad Mohammadhassani, Mohd Zamin Bin Jumaat, Ali Akbar Maghsoudi, Shatirah Akib, jameel Mohamed, Rafiepour Najmeh, Mohammadhassani Amin, Sinaei Hamid, Heydar Rezaeyeh Esmaeil, Ghanbari Farhad (2011)  Bending stiffness and neutral axis depth variation of high strength concrete beams in seismic hazardous areas : Experimental investigation   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 6: 3. 482-494  
Abstract: Nowadays, high strength concrete (HSC) is gradually gaining popularity as a material used in the construction of structural elements for economical and technical reasons. HSC exhibits more brittle behaviour in comparison to normal strength concrete when subjected to compression. Ductility is a design index especially in seismic prone area and is affected by variation of neutral axis depth. The definition of the neutral axis depth is important in order to obtain the rectangular stress block in the analysis of a concrete section. This paper presents an experimental study on the evolution of the neutral axis’s depth and bending stiffness variation with the ductility at bending on HSC beams. Tests on 9 HSC beams based on the American Concrete Institute (ACI) code with variable tensile bar percentages ( rmin , 0.2rb , b 0.3r , b 0.4r , b 0.5r , b b b b 0.75r ,0.85r ,r ,1.2r ) are presented. The test involved loading the beams incrementally until failure occurs. The load-neutral axis depth diagram and the loadsection stiffness diagrams were drawn. The results illustrate that with an increase in the tensile bar percentage, the neutral axis depth will increase at the ULS such that it causes brittle failure in compression with lower tensile bar percentages at the same applied load. Also the variation of bending stiffness is opposed to the variation of ductility.
Notes:
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Reinforced steel I-beams : A comparison between 2D and 3D simulation   Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 19: 1. 564-585  
Abstract: This study reports the accuracies of Finite Element (FE) simulations, based on two and three dimensional (2D and 3D) modelling of strengthened steel I-beams in static linear and non-linear analyses. To investigate the effects of simulation modelling methods on the accuracy of the results, 28 computer and laboratory specimens were used. To strengthen the beams, Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and steel plates were applied, and to simulate the specimens, ANSYS software was utilized. All specimens were modelled by using shell elements or solid elements in the 2D and 3D modelling cases, respectively. The results show that non-linear and 3D simulation methods predicted the experimental results appropriately. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Notes: 690FM Times Cited:6 Cited References Count:26
M Z Jumaat, M M Rahman, M A Rahman (2011)  Review on bonding techniques of CFRP in strengthening concrete structures   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 15. 3567-3575  
Abstract: Selecting appropriate bonding technique is crucial for strengthening and repairing concrete structures as different bonding techniques have different performances. A state-of-the-art review of different bonding techniques that is epoxy bonding technique, prestressed strengthening technique, unbonded anchored technique/mechanically fastened technique using CFRP is dealt and the corresponding advantages and disadvantages are highlighted in this review. Existing unbonded anchored techniques/mechanically fastened techniques are critically reviewed and compared to the other conventional strengthening techniques which will help in selecting the appropriate bonding technique for strengthening and repairing concrete structures. Future recommendations in this field are also indicated in this paper.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Rahman, M. M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: mukhlesrhd@yahoo.com References: (2008) Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP System for Strengthening Concrete Structures, p. 45. , ACI 440.2R-08., ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI; (2004) Prestressing Concrete Structures with FRP Tendons, p. 35. , ACI 440.4R-04., ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI; Aram, M.R., Czaderski, C., Motavalli, M., Debonding failure modes of flexural FRP-strengthened RC beams (2008) Compos. Part B: Eng., 39, pp. 826-841; Badawi, M., (2007) Monotonic and Fatigue Flexural Behaviour of RC Beams Strengthened with Prestressed NSM CFRP Rods, , PhD thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Badawi, M., Soudki, K., Flexural strengthening of RC beams with prestressed NSM CFRP rods-Experimental and analytical investigation (2009) Constr. Build. Mater., 23, pp. 3292-3300; Baghiee, N., Esfahani, R.M., Moslem, K., Studies on damage and FRP strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by vibration monitoring (2009) Eng. Struct., 31, pp. 875-893; Bank, L.C., Mechanically fastened FRP (MF-FRP)-A viable alternative for strengthening RC members (2004) FRP Composites in Civil Engineering-Seracino, , Ed., Adelaide, AUSTRALIA, University of Adelaide; Barros, J.A.O., Varma, R.K., Sena-Cruz, J.M., Azevedo, A.F.M., Near surface mounted CFRP strips for the flexural strengthening of RC columns: Exp (2008) Eng. 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C. beams (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5, pp. 132-144; Jumaat, M.Z., Rahman, M.M., Alam, M.A., Flexural strengthening of RC continuous T beam using CFRP laminate: A review (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5 (6), pp. 619-625; Jung, W.T., Park, H.Y., Park, J.S., Kang, J.Y., Yoo, Y.J., Experimental Investigation on Flexural Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened by NSM CFRP Reinforcement (2005) Proceedings of International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced (FRP) Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, pp. 795-806. , ACI Symp, Publication, SP-230-46; Jung, W.T., Park, J.S., Park, Y.H., A study on the Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with NSM Prestressed CFRP Reinforcement (2007) Proceedings of International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement in Concrete Structures, pp. 8-10. , FRPRCS-8, Partas, Greece; Kothandaraman, S., Vasudevan, G., Flexural retrofitting of RC beams using external bars at soffit level-An experimental study (2010) Constr. Build. Mater, , In Press, Corrected Proof; Lamanna, A.J., Bank, L.C., Scott, D.W., Flexural strengthening of RC beams by mechanically attaching fiber-reinforced polymer strips (2004) J. Compos. Constr., 8 (3), pp. 203-210; Lamanna, A.J., Bank, L.C., Scott, D.W., Flexural strengthening of RC beams using fasteners and fiber-reinforced polymer strips (2001) ACI Struct. J., 98 (3), pp. 368-376; Lee, J.H., Lopez, M.M., Bakis, C.E., Flexure behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with mechanically fastened FRP strip (2007) Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, p. 9. , In, FRPRCS-8, Thanasis C. Triantafillou, Ed., Patras, GREECE; Lorenzis, L., Nanni, A., Bond between Near-Surface Mounted Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Rods and Concrete in Structural Strengthening (2002) ACI Struct. J., 99 (2), pp. 123-132; Lorenzis, L., Lundgren, K., Rizzo, A., Anchorage Length of Near-Surface Mounted Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars for Concrete Strengthening-Experimental Investigation and Numerical Modeling (2004) ACI Struct. J., 101 (2), pp. 269-278; Lorenzis, L., Miller, B., Nanni, A., Bond of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates to Concrete (2001) ACI Mater. J., 98 (3), pp. 256-264; Millar, D., Scott, P., Clenin, R., Bridge Strengthening with Prestressed CFRP Plate System (2004) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, pp. 463-469. , Adelaide, Australia; Mohamed, B.B., Abdelouahed, T., Samir, B., Approximate analysis of adhesive stresses in the adhesive layer of plated RC beams (2009) Comput. Mater. Sci., 46, pp. 15-20; Mukherjee, A., Rai, G.L., Performance of reinforced concrete beams externally prestressed with fiber composites (2009) Constr. Build. Mater., 23, pp. 822-828; Nakaba, K., Kanakuto, T., Furuta, T., Yoshizawa, H., Bond Behavior between Fiberreinforced Polymer Laminates and Concrete (2001) ACI Struct. J., 98 (3), pp. 359-367; Nanni, A., Bakis, C.E., Boothby, T.E., Test method for FRP-concrete systems subjected to mechanical loads: Stage of the art review (1995) J. Rein. Plast. Compos., 14 (6), pp. 524-558; Nordin, H., Taljsten, B., Prestressed Near Surface Mounted Reinforcement (NSMR) for Strengthening Concrete Beams (2004) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, pp. 447-454. , Adelaide, Australia; Nordin, H., Taljsten, B., Concrete beams strengthened with prestressed near surface mounted CFRP (2006) J. Compos. Constr., 10 (1), pp. 60-68; Ombres, L., Prediction of intermediate crack debonding failure in FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beams (2010) Compos. Struct., 92, pp. 322-329; Pham, H., Al-Mahaidi, R., Prediction models for debonding failure loads of carbon fiber reinforced polymer retrofitted reinforced concrete beams (2006) J. Compos. Constr., 10, pp. 48-59; Pham, H., Al-Mahaidi, R., Assessment of Available Prediction Models for the Strength of FRP Retrofitted RC Beams (2004) Compos. Struct., 66 (1-4), pp. 601-610; Rasheed, H.A., Harrison, R.R., Peterman, R.J., Alkhrdaji, T., Ductile strengthening using externally bonded and near surface mounted composite systems (2010) Compos. Struct., 92, pp. 2379-2390; Tan, K.H., Saha, M.K., Liew, Y.S., FRP-strengthened RC beams under sustained loads and weathering (2009) Cem. Concr. Compos., 31, pp. 290-300; Wang, Y.C., Hsu, K., Design recommendations for the strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with externally bonded composite plates (2009) Compos. Struct., 88, pp. 323-332; Wight, R.G., Green, M.F., Erki, M.A., Prestressed FRP Sheets for Poststrengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams (2001) J. Compos. Constr., 5 (4), pp. 214-220; Xiong, G.J., Jiang, X., Liu, J.W., Chen, L., A way for preventing tension delamination of concrete cover in midspan of FRP strengthened beams (2007) Constr. Build. Mater., 21, pp. 402-408
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat, N H Ramli Sulong (2011)  Local stiffening of steel I-beams by using CFRP materials   Advanced Materials Research 163: 3838-3843  
Abstract: This paper reports the experimental studies on the local stiffening of steel I-beams by using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips. One of the problems which frequently occur for steel section is the large local deformation under point loads. To study the effects of applying CFRP for local stiffening, four steel I-beams were selected and tested to failure. The first beam had no steel stiffeners below the point loads and used as the control beam. The second beam had steel stiffeners and was not enhanced by using CFRP strip. The third and fourth beams had no steel stiffeners below the point loads and were strengthened on the compressive flanges by using two longitudinal CFRP strips. Also, the third and fourth specimens were strengthened on the web by using the latitudinal CFRP strips in the discrete and continual types, respectively. The results show that applying CFRP on the compressive flange and web increased the load bearing capacity and decreased the local and overall deformations appropriately. Also, the full-covering of the web seems to be the best type of web strengthening.
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K Narmashiri, N H Ramli Sulong, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Flexural strengthening of steel I-beams by using CFRP strips   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 7. 1620-1627  
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies on the carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) flexural strengthened steel I-beams. Eight steel beams were carefully chosen with the same length and different types and thicknesses of CFRP plates. Both experimental test and numerical simulation were employed. In the experimental test, the gradual static loading in four-points bending method was utilized. In numerical simulation, ANSYS software in the three dimensional (3D) modeling case and nonlinear static analysis method were employed. Results show that different types and thicknesses of CFRP plates influenced the failure modes, load capacities, and strain distributions on the CFRP plates.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 2 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Narmashiri, K.; Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan 98168, Iran; email: narmashiri@siswa.um.edu.my References: Al-Emrani, M., Linghoff, D., (2005) Kliger R (2005). Bonding Strength and Fracture Mechanisms In Composite Steel-CFRP Elements. International Symposium On Bond Behaviour of FRP In Structures, , BBFS, International Institute for FRP in Construction; Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Experimental and numerical investigation of the behaviour and strength of composite steel-CFRP members (2006) Adv. Struct. Eng, 9, pp. 819-831; Buyukozturk, O., Gunes, O., Karaca, E., Progress on understanding debonding problems in reinforced concrete and steel members strengthened using FRP composites (2004) Constr. Build. Mater, 18, pp. 9-19; Chiew, S.P., Lie, S.T., Lee, C.K., Yu, Y., Debonding failure model for FRP retrofitted steel beams (2005) Fourth International Conference On Advances In Steel Structures, , Shanghai, China; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Behaviour under static loading of metallic beams reinforced with a bonded CFRP plate (2007) Comp. Struct, 78, pp. 232-242; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Fatigue performance of metallic beam strengthened with a bonded CFRP plate (2007) Comp. Struct, 78, pp. 222-231; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Moy, S.S.J., Stress analysis of steel beams reinforced with a bonded CFRP plate (2004) Comp. Struct, 65, pp. 205-215; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Control of Interfacial Stresses in Beams Strengthened with Prestressed CFRP Laminates (2007) Asia-Pacific Conference On FRP In Structures (APFIS 2007), , Hong Kong, China; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Interfacial stress analysis of geometrically modified adhesive joints in steel beams strengthened with FRP laminates (2009) Constr. Build. Mater, 23, pp. 1413-1422; Hollaway, L.C., Zhang, L., Photiou, N.K., Teng, J.G., Zhang, S.S., Advances in Adhesive Joining of Carbon Fibre/Polymer Composites to Steel Members for Repair and Rehabilitation of Bridge Structures (2006) Adv. Struct. Eng, 9, pp. 791-803; Linghoff, D., Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Carbon-fibre composites for strengthening steel structures (2009) Thin Wall. Struct, 47, pp. 1048-1058; Narmashiri, K., Zamin, J.M., Reinforced steel I-beams: A comparison between 2D and 3D simulation (2011) Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, 19, pp. 564-585; Narmashiri, K., Zamin, J.M., Ramli, S.N.H., Investigation on end anchoring of CFRP strengthened steel I-beams (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci, 5, pp. 1360-1371; Narmashiri, K., Zamin, J.M., Ramli, S.N.H., Failure modes of CFRP flexural strengthened steel I-beams (2011) Key Eng. Mater, 471-472, pp. 590-595; Schnerch, D., Dawood, M., Sumner, E., Rizkalla, S., (2006) Dseign Guidelines For Strengthening of Steel-concrete Composite Beams With High Modulus CFRP Materials, , 7th. International Conference on Short and Medium Span Bridges; Schnerch, D., Stanford, K., Sumner, E., (2005) Rizkalla S (2005). Bond Behavior of CFRP Strengthened Steel Bridges and Structures. International Symposium On Bond Behaviour of FRP In Structures, , BBFS, International Institute for FRP in Construction; (2008), SIKA Product Information, Second ed., Sika® Kimia Sdn Bhd., Kuala LumpurUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960767860&partnerID=40&md5=e7be078f2d2b8c03355c453b3e30dc15
M Mohammadhassani, M Z Jumaat, A Ashour, M Jameel (2011)  Failure modes and serviceability of high strength self compacting concrete deep beams   Engineering Failure Analysis 18: 8. 2272-2281  
Abstract: The behaviour of deep beams is significantly different from shallow beams. In deep beams, the plane section does not remain plane after deformation. The main purpose of this study is to facilitate the prediction of deep beam failure related to tensile bar and web reinforcement percentage variations. Six high strength self compacting concrete (HSSCC) deep beams were tested until failure. Strains were measured on concrete surface along mid span, tensile bar and compression strut trajectory. The load was incrementally applied and at each load increment new cracks, their widths and propagation were monitored. The results clearly show that, at ultimate limit condition, the strain distribution on concrete surface along mid-span is no longer parabolic. In deep beams several neutral axes were obtained before ultimate failure is reached. As the load increases, the number of neutral axis decreases and at failure load it reduces to one. The failure of deep beams with longitudinal tensile steel reinforcement less than that suggested by ACI codes is flexural and is accompanied by large deflections without any inclined cracks. As the longitudinal tensile steel reinforcement increases, the failure due to crushing of concrete at nodal zones was clearly observed. The first flexural crack at mid-span region was always vertical. It appeared at 25-42% of peak load. The crack length was in the range of 0.24-0.6 times the height of section. As the tensile bar percentage increases number of cracks increases with reduced crack length and crack width. The appearance of first inclined crack in compression strut trajectory is independent of tensile and web bar percentage variations.
Notes: 855LU Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:18
A Islam, M Jameel, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Seismic isolation in buildings to be a practical reality : behavior of structure and installation technique   J. Eng. Technol. Res 3: 4. 99-117  
Abstract: Although a great deal of research has been carried out regarding seismic isolation, there is a lack of proper research on its behavior and implementing technique in low to medium seismic region. The basic intention of seismic protection systems is to decouple the building structure from the damaging components of the earthquake input motion, that is, to prevent the superstructure of the building from absorbing the earthquake energy. This paper reviews a number of articles on base isolation incorporation in building structure. Lead rubber bearing (LRB), high damping rubber bearing (HDRB), friction pendulum system (FPS) have been critically explored. This study also addressed the detail cram on isolation system, properties, characteristics of various device categories, recognition along with its effect on building structures. Meticulous schoolwork has also been accomplished about installation technique for various site stipulations. The entire superstructure is supported on discrete isolators whose dynamic characteristics are chosen to uncouple the ground motion. Displacement and yielding are concentrated at the level of the isolation devices, and the superstructure behaves very much like a rigid body. Rigorous reckoning illustrated the isolation system as very innovative and suitable in buildings to withstand the seismic lateral forces and also contributed to safety ensuring flexibility of structures.
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U J Alengaram, H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Enhancement and prediction of modulus of elasticity of palm kernel shell concrete   Materials & Design 32: 4. 2143-2148  
Abstract: This paper presents results of an investigation conducted to enhance and predict the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC). Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis on palm kernel shell (PKS) was conducted. Further, the effect of varying sand and PKS contents and mineral admixtures (silica fume and fly ash) on compressive strength and MOE was investigated. The variables include water-to-binder (w/. b) and sand-to-cement (s/. c) ratios. Nine concrete mixes were prepared, and tests on static and dynamic moduli of elasticity and compressive strength were conducted. The SEM result showed presence of large number of micro-pores on PKS. The mineral admixtures uniformly filled the micro-pores on the outer surface of PKS. Further, the increase in sand content coupled with reduction in PKS content enhanced the compressive strength and static MOE: The highest MOE recorded in this investigation, 11kN/mm2, was twice that previously published. Moreover, the proposed equation based on CEB/FIP code formula appears to predict the MOE close to the experimental values.
Notes: 725KE Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:23
S V Razavi, M Z Jumaat, A H Ei-Shafie (2011)  Using feed-forward back propagation (FFBP) neural networks for compressive strength prediction of lightweight concrete made with different percentage of scoria instead of sand   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 6. 1325-1331  
Abstract: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are the result of academic investigations that use mathematical formulations to model nervous system operations. Neural networks (NNs) represent a meaningfully different approach to using computers in the workplace, and have been used to recognize patterns and relationships in data. In this paper, the compressive strength (CS) of lightweight material with 0, 20, 30, and 50% of scoria instead of sand, and different water-cement ratios and cement content for 288 cylindrical samples were studied. Out of these, 36 samples were randomly selected for use in this research. The CS of these samples was used to teach ANNs CS prediction to achieve the optimal value. The ANNs were formed by MATLAB software so that the minimum error in information training and maximum correlation coefficient in data were the ultimate goals. For this purpose, feed-forward back propagation (FFBP) with TRAINBR training function, LEARNGD adaption learning function, and SSE performance function were the last networks tried. The end result of the FFBP was 3-10-1 (3 inputs, 10 neurons in the hidden layer, and 1 output) with the minimum error below 1% and maximum correlation coefficient close to 1.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Razavi, S. V.; Civil Engineering Department, University Malaya (UM)Malaysia; email: Vahidrazavy@yahoo.com References: Bishop, C.M., (1995) Neural networks for pattern recognition, , Oxford University Press. Oxford. England; Carpenter, W.C., Barthelemy, J.F., Common Misconceptions about Neural Networks as Approximators (1994) ASCE J. Comput. Civil Eng., 8, pp. 345-358; Davies, J.M., Recent research advances in cold-formed steel structures (2000) J. Construct Steel Res., p. 55; Fatih, A., ÖzgÃŒr, K., Kamil, A., Predicting the compressive strength of steel fiber added lightweight concrete using neural network (2008) Comp. Mater. Sci., 42, p. 2; Gadea, J., Rodríguez, A., Campos, P.L., Garabito, J., Calderón, V., Lightweight mortar made with recycled polyurethane foam (2010) Cement Concrete Comp., 32, pp. 672-677; Haykin, S., (1999) Neural networks: A comprehensive foundation, , Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs. N. J; Ilker, B.T., Mustafa, S., Prediction of properties of waste AAC aggregate concrete using artificial neural network (2007) Comput. Mater. Sci., 41, pp. 117-125; Kulkarni, A.D., (1994) Artificial neural networks for image understanding, , Van Nosrand Reinhold. NY. USA; Laurene, V.F., (1994) Fundamentals of neural networks: Architectures, algorithms, and applications, , Prentice-Hall. Englewood Cliffs. NJ; Manish, A.K., Rajiv, G., Concrete compressive strength prediction using ultrasonic pulse velocity through artificial neural networks (2006) Birla Inst. Technol. Sci. Autom. Construct., 15, pp. 374-379. , Civil Engineering Group; Merikallio, T., Mannonen, R., Drying of Lightweight Concrete Produced From Crushed Expended Clay Aggregates (1996) Com Concer Res., 26, pp. 1423-1433; Short, M., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, pp. 443-455. , Applied Science Publishers. London; Raghu, B.K., Eskandari, H., Venkatarama, B.V., (2001) Prediction of compressive strength of SCC and HPC with high volume fly ash using ANN, 23, pp. 117-128. , College of Engineering. Al-Balqa’ Applied University. Construct. Build. Mater; Rumelhart, D.E., Hinton, G.E., Williams, R.J., Learning Internal Representations by Error Propagation (1986) Parallel Distributed Processing Foundations, 1. , In, Rumelhart DE, and McClelland J L. The MIT Press; Unal, O., Uygunog, T., Yildiz, A., Investigation of properties of low strength lightweight concrete for thermal insulation (2007) Build. Environ., 42, pp. 584-590
M R H Far, M Z Jumaat, T S Vahid Razavi, P Mohammadi, H Mohammadi (2011)  Nonlinear analysis of load-deflection testing of reinforced one-way slab strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and using artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 13. 3054-3061  
Abstract: Load-deflection curve is the most important part of the structural analysis of RC beam and slab. The load-deflection analysis of the RC one-way slab strengthened by CFRP using experimental work, finite element analysis (FEA), artificial neural network (ANN), and a comparison of them together are the important objective of this study. The dimension of the one-way slab was 1800×400×120 mm which was strengthened by different length and width of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). The experimental results sufficiently adapted with FEA and ANNs output. The feed forward back-propagation (FFB) was the best ANN for prediction of load-deflection curve with minimum error below 1%, and maximum correlation coefficient close to 1.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Far, M. R. H.; Civil Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University, Dezful BranchIran; email: halvaefar2006@gmail.com References: Akbulut, S., Hasilog¢lu, A.S., Pamukcu, S., (2004) Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 24, pp. 805-814; Amen, A., Laurent, M., Manuel, L., Patric, H., Strengthening slab using externally-bonded strip composite (2008) Composite, 39, pp. 1125-1135; Bimal, B.A., Hiroshi, M., Prediction of shear strength of steel fiber RC beams using neural networks (2006) Construction Build. Mater., 20 (9), pp. 801-811; Caudill, M., Butler, C., (1990) Neural Intelligent System, , MIT Press. Cambridge. Ma; Chen, H.M., Tsai, K.H., Qi, G.Z., Yang, J.C.S., Amini, F., Neural networks for structural control (2005) J. Computational Civil Eng., 9 (2), pp. 168-176; Christopher, K.Y., Zhongfan, C., Stephen, K.L., Effect of size on the failure of FRP strengthened reinforced concrete beams (2002) Adv. Build. Technol., pp. 797-801; Clarke, J.K., Waldron, P., The reinforcement of concrete structures with advanced composites (1996) Struct. Eng., 74, p. 1996; Consolazio, G.R., Iterative equation solver for bridge analysis using neural networks (2000) Computer-Aided Civil Infrastructure Eng., 15 (2), pp. 107-119; Hadi, M.N.S., Neural network applications in concrete structures (2003) Comput. Struct. Elsevier Sci. Ltd, 81, pp. 373-381; Hawley, D.D., John, D.J., Dijjotam, R., Artificial Neural System: A New Tool Financial Decision Making (1990) Fin. Anal. J., pp. 63-72; Haykin, S., (1994) Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, , Macmillan College Publishing Company Inc. New York. United States; Hong-Guang, N., Ji-Zong, W., Prediction of compressive strength of confined concrete by neural networks (2000) Cement Concrete Res. Elsevier Sci., 30, pp. 1245-1250. , Ltd; Ilker, B.T., Mustafa, S., Prediction of rubberized mortar properties using artificial neural network and fuzzy logic (2008) J. Mater. Process. Technol., pp. 108-118; Jamal, A.A., Elsanosi, A., Abdelwahab, A., Modeling and simulation of shear resistance of R/C beams using artificial neural network (2007) J. Franklin Institute, 344 (5), pp. 741-756; Kasperkiewics, J., Racz, J., Dubrawski, A., HPC strength prediction using ANN (1995) ASCE J. Comput. Civil Eng., 9, pp. 279-284; Kerh, T., Yee, Y.C., Analysis of a deformed three-dimensional culvert structure using neural networks (2000) Adv. Eng. Software, 31 (5), pp. 367-375; Lee, J.J., Lee, J.W., Yi, J.H., Yun, C.B., Jung, H.Y., Neural network-based damage detection for bridges considering errors in baseline finite element models (2005) J. Sound Vib., 280, pp. 555-578; Li, L.J., Guo, Y.C., Liu, F., Bungey, J.H., An experimental and numerical study of the effect of thickness and length of CFRP on performance of repaired reinforced concrete beam (2005) Construction Building Mater., 20, pp. 901-909; Mansour, M.Y., Dicleli, M., Lee, J.Y., Zhang, J., Predicting the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams using artificial neural networks (2004) Engine. Struct., 26, pp. 781-799; Naci, C., Muzaffer, E., Zeynep, D.Y., Mehmet, S., (2007) Neural networks in 3-dimensional dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete buildings; Rajagopalan, P.R., Prakash, J., Naramimhan, V., Correlation between ultrasonic pulse velocity and strength of concrete (1973) Indian Concrete J., 47 (11), pp. 416-418; Ripley, B.D., (1996) Pattern recognition and neural networks, , Cambridge University Press. New York; Smith, S.T., Kim, S.J., (2008) Strengthening of one-way spanning RC slabs with cutouts using FRP composites, , The University of Hong Kong. University of Technology Sydney, Australia; Taljsten, B., Elfgren, L., Strengthening of concrete beams for shear using CFRP-materials: Evaluation of different application methods (2000) Composites. Part B. Eng., 31, pp. 87-96; Wasserman, R., Bentur, A., Interfacial interactions in lightweight aggregate concretes and their influence on the concrete strength (1996) Cement Concrete Composites, 18, pp. 67-76; Yeh, I.C., Modeling of strength of HPC using ANN (1998) Cem. Concr. Res., 28, pp. 1797-1808; Yeung, W.T., Smith, J.W., Damage detection in bridges using neural networks for pattern recognition of vibration signatures (2005) Eng. Struct., 27, pp. 685-698
A Islam, M Jameel, S I Ahmad, F A Salman, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Engendering earthquake response spectra for Dhaka region usable in dynamic analysis of structures   Sci. Res. Essays 6: 16. 3519-3530  
Abstract: Structures are subjected to time varying-forces due to earthquakes which in turn produce timedependent displacements and stresses within the structures. From a design stance, only the maximum values of displacement and stress are of interest. For survival, the structure must withstand the peak value whenever that may occur. Therefore, knowing the peak values is of utmost important and this information is made available in the form of response spectra. In this study, effort has been made to generate response spectra which may be directly used in the dynamic analysis of structures in Dhaka. As there is a deficiency in apposite earthquake data at Bangladesh especially for Dhaka region, time history of Dhaka Earthquake was at first generated from recently occurred nearby earthquake. Consequently following detailed procedure response spectrum is developed. As response spectrum for a given earthquake is quite irregular and has a number of peaks and valleys, statistical approach has been adopted to construct a smoothed response spectrum to make it suitable for design. The engendered response spectrum has been evaluated with the well-known code specified response spectrum and introduces as acceptable. Therefore, the research reveals a design ‘response spectrum’ for Dhaka earthquake for the detail dynamic analysis ensuring as competent data for seismic design of structures.
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M Z Jumaat, M A Alam (2011)  Optimization of intermediate anchors to eliminate premature shear failure of CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened R.C beams   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 2. 182-192  
Abstract: Flexurally strengthened RC beams usually fail by means of premature shear due to low shear as compared to flexure. Intermediate anchors in the length of shear span of those beams would successfully eliminate this problem. This paper presents the experimental studies on the effects of intermediate anchors in preventing premature shear failure of CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened RC beams. Design guidelines to optimize the intermediate anchors for eliminating premature shear failure are proposed. In the experimental programme, four RC beams were cast. One beam was tested in the un-strengthened condition to act as the control beam. The remaining beams were strengthened with CFRP laminates. Among the strengthened beams, one beam was prepared without intermediate anchors, one was intermediate anchored based on the proposed design method, and the last one was intermediate anchored using arbitrary anchor plates. Results showed that strengthened beam with having optimal intermediate anchors had higher ultimate strength as compared to that of the control beam. The optimal anchors significantly increased both the ultimate load as well as ductility of the said beams as compared to the beam without intermediate anchors. Moreover, the optimal intermediate anchors also reduced the number of cracks and crack widths in the shear span region. In conclusion, the beam with optimal intermediate anchors had identical failure load, crack widths, deflections and strain characteristics as that of arbitrarily anchored strengthened beam.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 4 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alam, M. A.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ashraf_arif2003@yahoo.com References: Adhikary, B.B., Mutsuyoshi, H., Ashraf, M., Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheets with Bonded Anchorage (2004) ACI Struct. J., 101 (5), pp. 660-668; Aram, M.R., Czaderski, C., Motavalli, M., Debonding failure modes of flexural FRP-strengthened RC beams (2008) Composites: Part B., 39, pp. 826-841; Bahn, B.Y., Harichandran, R.S., Flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets and epoxy mortar (2008) J. Comp. Construc., 12 (4), pp. 387-395; Bencardino, F., Spadea, G., Swamy, R.N., The problem of shear in RC beams strengthened with CFRP laminates (2007) Construc. Build. Mater., 21, pp. 1997-2006; El-Mihilmy, M.T., Tedesco, J.W., Prediction of anchorage failure for reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer plates (2001) ACI Struct. J., 98 (3), pp. 301-314; Jumaat, M.Z., Alam, M.A., Behaviour of U and L shaped end anchored steel plate strengthened reinforced concrete beams (2008) Eur. J. Sci. Res., 22 (2), pp. 184-196; Jumaat, M.Z., Alam, M.A., Effects of intermediate anchors on end anchored carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams (2009) J. Appl. Sci., 9 (1), pp. 142-148; Jumaat, M.Z., Alam, M.A., Experimental and numerical analysis of end anchored steel plate and CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened R. C. beams (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5 (2), pp. 132-144; Kim, Y.J., Wight, R.G., Green, M.F., Flexural strengthening of RC beams with prestressed CFRP sheets: Using non-metallic anchor systems (2008) J. Comp. Construc., 12 (1), pp. 44-52; Malek, A.M., Saadatmanesh, H., Ultimate Shear Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Web-Bonded Fiber Reinforced Plastic Plates (1998) ACI Struct. J., 95 (4), pp. 391-399; Grace, N.F., Strengthening of Negative Moment Region of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Strips (2001) ACI Struct. J., 98 (3), pp. 347-358; Smith, S.T., Teng, J.G., Interfacial stresses in plated beams (2001) Eng. Struct., 23, pp. 857-871; Swamy, R.N., Mukhopadhaya, P., Debonding of carbon-fibrereinforced polymer plate from concrete beams (1999) Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs. Structs. Bldgs, 134, pp. 301-317; Teng, J., Cheng, J., Smith, S., Lam, L., (2002) FRP-Strengthened RC Structures, , John Wiley and sons, UK, First Edition; Tounsi, A., Daouadji, T.H., Benyoucef, S., Bedia, E.A.A., Interfacial stresses in FRP-plated RC beams: Effect of adherent shear deformation (2009) Int. J. Adhesion Adhes., 29 (4), pp. 343-351
U Johnson Alengaram, M Z Jumaat, Mahmud Hilmi, M Fayyadh Moatasem (2011)  Shear behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams   Construction and Building Materials 25: 6. 2918-2927  
Abstract: The shear behaviour of palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC) beams prepared using palm kernel shell (PKS) as lightweight aggregate (LWA) is reported here. The shear strength of grade 30 PKSC with a density of 1850 kg/m3 was found 24% higher than the corresponding normal weight concrete (NWC). Good aggregate interlock in PKSC was evident as it produced shorter jagged cracks compared to longer plain cracks of NWC. Further, PKSC was able to produce twice as many flexural and shear cracks compared to NWC. Tension stiffening between the tensile cracks of PKSC enhanced flexural rigidity and dowel action. The non-linear numerical analysis predicted the shear strength within an average 20% of the experimental results.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 6 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: CBUME Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Johnson Alengaram, U.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ujohnrose@yahoo.com References: (1983) FIP Manual of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , 2nd ed. London: Surrey University Press; Abdullah, A.A., Palm oil shell aggregate for lightweight concrete. Waste materials used in concrete manufacturing (2003) Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Science, Technology, and Applications, pp. 5-19; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as aggregate for concrete (1988) Cem Concr Res, 18, pp. 901-910; Okpala, D.C., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate in concrete (1990) Build Environ, 25, pp. 291-296; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Cem Concr Res, 29, pp. 619-622; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Engineering properties of concrete with oil palm shell as coarse aggregate (2002) Construction and Building Materials, 16 (1), pp. 29-34. , DOI 10.1016/S0950-0618(01)00030-7, PII S0950061801000307; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, J.V., Flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beams made with oil palm shell (OPS) (2006) J Adv Concr Technol, 4, pp. 1-10; Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Ductility behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams (2008) Eur J Sci Res, 23, pp. 406-420; Jumaat, M.Z., Alengaram, U.J., Mahmud, H., Shear strength of oil palm shell foamed concrete beams (2009) Mater des, 30, pp. 2227-2236; Kong, F.K., Evans, R.H., (1995) Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete, , 3rd ed. Chapman & Hall London; Short, A., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, , 3rd ed. Applied Science Publication London; Waner, R.F., Rangan, B.V., Hall, A.S., Faulkes, K.A., (1999) Concrete Structures, , 1st ed. Addison Wesley Longman Australia Pty Ltd. South Melbourne; (2002) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice Part 3, , Farmington Hills: American Concrete Institute; (1997) Structural Use of Concrete. Part 1. Code of Practice for Design and Construction, , BS 8110: Part 1:1997 London: British Standards Institution; (1985) Part 2:1985. Structural Use of Concrete. Part 2. Code of Practice for Special Circumstances, , BS 8110 London: British Standards Institution; (2004) Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures - Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings. BS en 1992-1-1:2004, , London: British Standards Institution; Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Mahmud, H., Influence of cementitious materials and aggregate content on compressive strength of palm kernel shell concrete (2008) J Appl Sci, 8, pp. 3207-3213; Mahmud, H., Jumaat, M.Z., Alengaram, U.J., Influence of sand/cement ratio on mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete (2009) J Appl Sci, 9, pp. 1764-1769; Teychenne, D.C., Franklin, J.C., Erntroy, H.C., (1992) Design of Normal Concrete Mixes, , Watford: Department of the Environment, British Research Establishment (BRE); Swamy, R.N., Adepegba, D., Shear resistance of reinforced beams without web steel (1969) Build Sci, 3, pp. 207-220; Mosley, W.H., Bungey, J.H., Hulse, R., (2007) Reinforced Concrete Design to Eurocode 2, , 6th ed. Palgrave Macmillan New York; Clarke, J.L., SHEAR STRENGTH OF LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE BEAMS: DESIGN TO BS 8110 (1987) Magazine of Concrete Research, 39 (141), pp. 205-213; Taylor, H.P.J., The fundamental behaviour of reinforced concrete beams in bending and shear (1974) ACI Special Publ, 423, pp. 43-77
M Z Jumaat, M A Rahman, M A Alam, M M Rahman (2011)  Premature failures in plate bonded strengthened RC beams with an emphasis on premature shear : A review   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 2. 156-168  
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to review the performance of plate bonded flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams. This paper also describes the methods and materials used for flexural and shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams and weaknesses of plate bonded systems. The plate bonding method often has some serious premature debonding failure which can be classified as plate end debonding (end peeling), tension delamination and premature shear failure due to insufficient shear reinforcement. Premature failures must be prevented in order to utilize the full flexural capacity of flexural strengthened reinforced concrete beams. Premature shear failure is one of the major concerns of the flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Hence, proper design of external shear strengthening system is required for eliminating premature shear failure of flexurally strengthened RC beams. The review focuses on the possible model and design guideline available in the literature for eliminating premature failures. The paper also discusses a probable approach to eliminate premature shear. © 2011 Academic Journals.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 3 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Rahman, M. A.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: muhammadashiqur@yahoo.com References: (2002) Guide for the design of construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete Structures, p. 440. , ACI 440.2R-02, ACI Committee; State-of-the-Art Report on Ferro-cement (1988) Am. Concrete Inst., p. 24. , ACI Committee 549 (ACI549-88R), Detroit; Guide for the design, Construction and Repair of Ferro-cement (1988) Am. Concrete Inst., p. 27. , ACI Committee 549 (ACI549.1-88R), Detroit; Adhikary, B.B., Mutsuyoshi, H., Sano, M., Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using steel plates bonded on beam web: Experiments and analysis (2000) Constr. Build. 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M Mohammadhassani, M Z Bin Jumaat, M Chemrouk, A A Maghsoudi, M Jameel, S Akib (2011)  An experimental investigation on bending stiffness and neutral axis depth variation of over-reinforced high strength concrete beams   Nuclear Engineering and Design 241: 6. 2060-2067  
Abstract: The present work is an attempt to study the neutral axis variation and the evolution of the moment inertia with the loading of over reinforced high strength concrete sections in conjunction with ACI 318-05. In this sense, four high strength concrete beams, having different tension reinforcement quantities expressed as proportions of the balanced steel ratio (0.75àb, 0.85àb, àb, 1.2àb) were tested. Measurements of the deflection and the reinforcement and concrete strains of all specimens were made during the loading process. The load-neutral axis depth variation and the load-section stiffness curves were drawn. The slope of the line connecting the origin of the first crack to the initial yielding of the failure point in the neutral axis depth-load graphs shows the rate of ductility; ductile behaviour in the beam increases as the slope becomes steeper. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that the modulus of elasticity of concrete E c be reviewed and evaluated at a stress higher than 0.5 f′ c for the determination of the cracked moment of inertia.
Notes: Sp. Iss. SI 788AW Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:26
P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H Bin Mahmud, U J Alengaram (2011)  A new method of producing high strength oil palm shell lightweight concrete   Materials & Design 32: 10. 4839-4843  
Abstract: This paper presents a new method to produce high strength lightweight aggregate concrete (HSLWAC) using an agricultural solid waste, namely oil palm shell (OPS). This method is based on crushing large old OPS. Crushed OPS are hard and have a strong physical bond with hydrated cement paste. The 28 and 56 days compressive strength achieved in this study were about 53 and 56 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that it was possible to produce grade 30 OPS concrete without the addition of any cementitious materials. Compared to previous studies, significantly lower cement content was used to produce this grade of concrete. Unlike OPS concrete incorporating uncrushed OPS aggregate, this study found that there is a strong correlation between the short term and 28-day compressive strength. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Notes: 813NF Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:39
A B M Saiful Islam, M Jameel, M A Rahman, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Earthquake time history for Dhaka, Bangladesh as competent seismic record   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 16. 3921-3926  
Abstract: The time varying forces in the ground generates earthquake loads and the pattern of load specified as a time history of ground excitation is the most accurate means of representing earthquake actions. The difficulty with carrying out analysis procedures to compute the responses of a structure for this type of load is that the form of the acceleration time history is to be clearly known. As there is lack of earthquake data for Dhaka, Bangladesh, which is in risk of attack by severe earthquakes, the engendering earthquake time history data of this region for precise dynamic analysis is of utmost importance. So, the objective of this research is to develop the reliable Dhaka earthquake time history, functioning as a competent seismic record. Seismic data have been measured in-situ with proper seismographic instruments at the recently occurred local earthquake near the Dhaka vicinity. Choosing the nearby seismic record, probable acceleration time history of Dhaka has been properly scaled as per the seismicity and ground acceleration characteristics of its own, following the widely accepted Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC). Generated EQ time history is then evaluated with the prominent seismic records available in literature. This seismic data essentially yield the responses at every little incremental state of numerous time extents. The research acquaints us with suitable Dhaka earthquake time history data which can be reliably exploited as advance future seismic record.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 4 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Saiful Islam, A. B. M.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: abm.saiful@gmail.com References: Al-hussaini, T.M., Ansary, M.A., Choudhury, J.R., Seismic instrumentation system for jamuna bridge (2004) 13th world conference on earthquake engineering Vancouver, , b.c., Canada August, 1-6, 2004, paper no, 2984; Ali, M.H., Choudhury, J.R., Tectonics and earthquake occurrence in bangladesh (1992) 36th annual convention of the institute of engineers, 1, pp. 4-8. , paper presented at, Bangladesh, Dhaka; Ali, M.H., Choudhury, J.R., Seismic zoning of bangladesh (1994) International seminar on recent developments in earthquake disaster mitigation organized by institution of engineers bangladesh in association with world seismic safety initiative, 6 (12). , paper presented at the, Bangladesh, Dhaka; Ansary, M.A., Recent Earthquake Related Activities in Bangladesh (2005) Seminar on Tsunami and Seismic Risk Action for Bangladesh, , Paper presented at, Dhaka, April, 21, 2005; Ansary, M.A., (2009) Personal communication.; Ansary, M.A., Al-hussaini, T.M., Sharfuddin, M., Choudhury, J.R., Report on moheskhali earthquake of July 22, 1999 (1999) Earthquake eng. Series, , Res. Report No. BUET/CE/EQE-99-01, Depart. Civ. Eng. BUET, Aug., 1999; Ansary, M.A., Al-Hussaini, T.M., Sharfuddin, M., Choudhury, J.R., 1999 Moheskhali Earthquake: A Damage Study (2001) J. Asiatic Soc. Bangladesh Sci., 27 (2), pp. 139-149; (1992) 36th annual convention of the institute of engineers, , Bangladesh. paper presented at, Bangladesh, Dhaka, January, 4-8; (1993) Bangladesh National Building Code, 1993, , BNBC., Housing and Building Res, Inst. (HBRI) and Bangladesh Standard Testing Inst.(BSTI), Bangladesh; (1997) NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, , FEMA 273; Hussain, R.R., Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., (2010) Base Isolators as Earthquake Protection Devices in Buildings, p. 140. , VDM Publishing House Ltd, Benoit Novel, Simultaneously published in USA and U. K; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Isolation System Design for Buildings in Dhaka: Its Feasibility and Economic Implication (2010) Proc. Conf. Eng. Res. Innovation Edu., 11-13, pp. 99-104. , Bangladesh, Sylhet; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Al-Hussaini, T.M., Effect of Base Isolation on Buildings in Dhaka (2010) Proc. of the 3rd Int. Earthquake Symposium, 5-6, pp. 465-472. , Bangladesh, Dhaka, March; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Seismic Base Isolation for Buildings in Regions of Low to Moderate Seismicity: A Practical Altern (2010) Design. Practice Periodical on Struct. Design and Const., , ASCE. [DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000093]; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft story (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 6 (11), pp. 2654-2661; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Seismic isolation in buildings to be a practical reality: Behaviour of structure and installation technique (2011) J. Eng. Techn. Res., 3 (4), pp. 99-117; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on optimal isolation system and dynamic structural responses in multi-story buildings (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 6 (9), pp. 2219-2228; (2009) Natore Strong Motion, 6 (1). , Jamuna Bridge Seismic Instrumentation Project; Khan, A.A., (2004) Earthquake Hazard: Dhaka City Perspective, , Published in inventory topics ’Earthquake in Bangladesh’, The daily Star 06th July, Bangladesh; Khan, A.A., Hossain, M.S., Recurrence of 1885 Bengal earthquake and hazard vulnerability status of Dhaka Metropolitan City, Bangladesh (2005) Orien. geograp., 49 (2), pp. 205-216; Naeim, F., Paz, M., Seismic Response and Design Spectra (1994) Int. Hand book of earthquake Engineering; (1997) Earthquake regulations for seismic isolated structures, , Uniform Building Code, UBC., Whitter (CA, USA)
P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H Mahmud (2011)  Oil palm shell as a lightweight aggregate for production high strength lightweight concrete   Construction and Building Materials 25: 4. 1848-1853  
Abstract: In Malaysia, oil palm shell (OPS) is an agricultural solid waste originating from the palm oil industry. In this investigation old OPS was used for production of high strength lightweight concrete (HSLC). The density, air content, workability, cube compressive strength and water absorption were measured. The effect of five types of curing conditions on 28-day compressive strength was studied. The test results showed that by incorporating limestone powder and without it, it is possible to produce the OPS concretes with 28-day compressive strength of about 43-48 MPa and dry density of about 1870-1990 kg/m(3). The compressive strength of UPS HSLC is sensitive to the lack of curing. The water absorption of these concretes is in the range of good concretes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Notes: 721TU Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:32
P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H B Mahmud, U J Alengaram (2011)  A new method of producing high strength oil palm shell lightweight concrete   Materials & Design 32: 10. 4839-4843  
Abstract: This paper presents a new method to produce high strength lightweight aggregate concrete (HSLWAC) using an agricultural solid waste, namely oil palm shell (OPS). This method is based on crushing large old OPS. Crushed OPS are hard and have a strong physical bond with hydrated cement paste. The 28 and 56. days compressive strength achieved in this study were about 53 and 56. MPa, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that it was possible to produce grade 30 OPS concrete without the addition of any cementitious materials. Compared to previous studies, significantly lower cement content was used to produce this grade of concrete. Unlike OPS concrete incorporating uncrushed OPS aggregate, this study found that there is a strong correlation between the short term and 28-day compressive strength.
Notes: 813NF Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:39
S V Razavi, M Z Jumaat, A H Ei-Shafie, P Mohammadi (2011)  Artificial neural networks for mechanical strength prediction of lightweight mortar   Scientific Research and Essays 6: 16. 3406-3417  
Abstract: In this paper, the practical results of mechanical strength of different lightweight mortars made with 0, 5,10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50,55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100% of scoria instead of sand and 0.55 water-cement ratio and 350 kg/m3 cement content have been used to generate artificial neural networks (ANNs). Totally, 52 feed-forward back-propagation neural networks (FFBNN) with different parameters have been investigated in the case of 80 data for training, 15 data for verifying, and 10 data for testing. The performance for producing networks was evaluated by root mean squared error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient between data. The two selected networks, N1 (Net Architecture 2-10-2) and N2 (Net Architecture 2-10-5-2) had (0.020, 0.027) and (0.017, 0.018) as (Training, Testing) RMSE set and 0.997 and 0.982 as testing correlation coefficient.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Razavi, S. V.; Civil Engineering Department, University MalaysiaMalaysia; email: Vahidrazavy@yahoo.com References: Abedi, J., Mollahi, A., An Investigation in Mechanical Property of Lightweight Concrete with Rice Stalk (2005) 2nd International Conferences on Concrete & Development, p. 112. , Tehran. Iran; Ahmet, O., Murat, P., Erdog, O., Erdog, K., Naci, Ç., Asghar, M.B., Predicting the compressive strength and slump of high strength concrete using neural network (2006) Constr. 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Tehran; Gadea, J., Rodríguez, A., Campos, P.L., Garabito, J., Calderón, V., Lightweight mortar made with recycled polyurethane foam (2010) Cement and Concrete Composites, 32, pp. 672-677; Guang, N.H., Zong, W.J., Prediction of compressive strength of concrete by neural networks (2000) Cem Concr Res, 30, pp. 1245-1250; Haykin, S., (1999) Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, , Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs.N.J; Hornik, K., Maxwell, S., White, H., Universal Approximation of an Unknown Mapping and its Derivative using Multilayer Feedforward Networks (1990) Neural Networks, 3, pp. 551-560; Ilker, B.T., Mustafa, S., Prediction of properties of waste AAC aggregate concrete using artificial neural network (2007) Computational Materials Sci, 41 (1), pp. 117-125. , Eskişehir Osmangazi University. Department of Civil Engineering. Turkey; Joachim, S., Influence of water-cement ratio and cement content on the properties of polymer-modified mortars (1999) Cement Concr. 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Civil-Comp Press
P Shafigh, H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Effect of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight concrete   Materials & Design 32: 7. 3926-3932  
Abstract: This paper reports the results of a study conducted to investigate the effect of low volume content of steel fiber on the slump, density, compressive strength under different curing conditions, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of a grade 35 oil palm shell (OPS) lightweight concrete mixture. The results indicate that an increase in steel fiber decreased the workability and increased the density. All the mechanical properties except the modulus of elasticity (E) improved significantly. The 28. day compressive strength of steel fiber OPS lightweight concrete in continuously moist curing was in the range of 41-45. MPa. The splitting tensile/compressive and the flexural/compressive strength ratio for plain OPS concrete are comparable with artificial lightweight aggregate. The (E) value measured in this study was about 15.5. GPa on average for all mixes, which is higher than previous studies and is in the range of normal weight concrete. Steel fiber can be used as an alternative material to reduce the sensitivity of OPS concrete in poor curing environments. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Notes: 770YT Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:30
A B M Saiful Islam, M Jameel, M Z Jumaat, S M Shirazi (2011)  Spar platform at deep water region in Malaysian sea   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 30. 6872-6881  
Abstract: Exploration of oil and gas resources has been accelerated towards deeper waters due to depletion of their reserve in shallow water depth. Malaysian sedimentary basins signpost the existence of these energy sources below its sea-bed. In deep sea depth, traditional fixed types of offshore structures to explore these resources have become incongruous and they have resorted to new configurations. Spar platform is treated as a cost-effective and efficient compliant floating platform in this locale for drilling, production, processing and storage of ocean deposits. This study deals with the oil and gas eminence in Malaysian sea along with structural response behaviors of spar platform subjected to hydrodynamic loading. A single model of spar-mooring line combination has been developed. Coupled conduct has been computed under unidirectional wave loading where all non-linearities are incorporated. Solution in time domain approach follows Newmark-beta integration technique. It is seen that the continental shelf offshore of Malaysian waters is divided into seven sedimentary basins, out of which three basins have major ongoing oil and gas exploration and production activity, namely the Malay basin in West Malaysia off Terengganu and the Sabah and Sarawak basins off the two East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak, respectively. Surge, heave, pitch motion response of spar hull and tension in mooring line tension have been evaluated. Spar platform indicates itself as advanced and competent offshore structures to enhance the oil and gas exploration from all the Malaysian sedimentary basins in the deep water region.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 2 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Saiful Islam, A. B. M.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: abm.saiful@gmail.com References: Anam, I., Non-linear dynamic analysis and reliability assessment of deepwater floating structure (2000) Department of Civil engineering, , PhD thesis., Texas A & M University, USA; Anam, I., Roesset, J.M., Niedzwecki, J.M., Time domain and frequency domain analysis of Spar platforms (2003) Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conference, pp. 240-247; Chen, X.H., Zhang, J., Coupled time-domain analysis of the response of a spar and its mooring system (1999) Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conference, pp. 293-300; Chen, X.H., Zhang, J., Ma, W., On dynamic coupling effects between a spar and its mooring lines (2001) Ocean Eng., 28, pp. 863-887; Chernetsov, V.A., Karlinsky, S.L., Ice-Resistant Spar-Type Platform for Middle Sea Depth (2006) Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, pp. 614-619; Energy Information Administration, U. S (2009) Malaysia Energy Data, Statistics and Analysis-Oil, Gas, Electricity, Coal, , http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Malaysia/pdf.pdf; Energy Information Administration, U. S (2010) Malaysia Energy Data, Statistics and Analysis-Oil, Gas, Electricity, Coal, , http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Malaysia/pdf.pdf; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Effect of time elapse after wave hitting on Spar platform (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 6 (11), pp. 2671-2680; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Oil and gas energy potential at Malaysian sea beds and Spar platform for deep water installation (2011) International Journal of Green Energy, , In press, Corrected Proof; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on optimal isolation system and dynamic structural responses in multi-story buildings (2011) Int. J. Phy. Sci., 6 (9), pp. 2219-2228; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Ahmad, S.I., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft story (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci., , In Press; Jameel, M., (2008) Non-linear dynamic analysis and reliability assessment of deepwater floating structure, , PhD thesis. Depart. Appl. Mechanics, Indian Instit. Technol. Delhi; Jameel, M., Ahmad, S., Islam, A.B.M.S., Jumaat, M.Z., Nonlinear Analysis of Fully Coupled Integrated Spar-Mooring Line System (2011) Int. Offshore Polar Engineering Conference, pp. 198-205. , (ISOPE 2011). Maui, Hawii, 19-24 June; Jameel, M., Ahmad, S., Islam, A.B.M.S., Jumaat, M.Z., Nonlinear dynamic analysis of coupled spar platform (2011) J. Civil Eng. Manage., In Press.; Low, Y.M., Prediction of extreme responses of floating structures using a hybrid time/frequency domain coupled approach (2008) Ocean Eng., 35, pp. 1416-1428; Low, Y.M., Langley, R.S., A hybrid time/frequency domain approach for efficient coupled analysis of vessel/mooring/riser dynamics (2008) Ocean Eng., 35 (5-6), pp. 433-446; Ma, Q.W., Patel, M.H., On the Non-Linear Forces Acting on a Floating Spar Platform in Ocean Waves (2001) Appl. Ocean Res., 23, pp. 29-40; Madon, M.B.H., Basin types, tectono-stratigraphic provinces and structural styles (1999) The Petroleum Geology and Resource of Malaysia, pp. 77-111. , in K. M, Leong (ed), Petronas, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Ormberg, H., Larsen, K., Coupled analysis of floater motion and mooring dynamics for a turret-moored ship (1998) Appl. Ocean Res., 20, pp. 55-67; Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Niedzwecki, J.M., Johnson, R.P., Response of a Spar platform in Random Waves and Currents (1996) Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng., 6 (1), pp. 27-34. , (Experiment vs. Theory); Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Nonlinear coupled responses of a tethered spar platform in waves (1997) Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng., 7 (2), pp. 111-118; Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Zheng, W., Coupled dynamic analysis of a moored spar in random waves and currents (time-domain versus frequency-domain analysis) (1999) J. Offshore Mech. Arctic Eng., 121, pp. 194-200; Tahar, A., Kim, M.H., Coupled-dynamic analysis of floating structures with polyester mooring lines (2008) Ocean Eng., 35, pp. 1676-1685
A B M Saiful Islam, M Jameel, S I Ahmad, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft storey   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 11. 2654-2661  
Abstract: Soft storey buildings are characterized by having a storey which has a lot of open spaces. This soft storey creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Since soft stories are classically associated with retail spaces and parking garages, they are often on the lower stories of a building, which means that when they collapse, they can take the whole building down with them, causing serious structural damage which may render the structure totally unusable. In this study, efforts have been given to examine the effect of incorporation of isolator on the seismic behavior of buildings subjected to the appropriate earthquake for medium risk seismicity region. It duly ensures incorporating isolator with all relevant properties as per respective isolators along with its time period and damping ratio. Effort has also been made here to build up a relationship for increasing storey height and the changes for incorporating isolator with same time period and damping ratio for both lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB). Dynamic analyses have been carried out using response spectrum and time history analysis. Behavioral changes of structural parameters are investigated. The study reveals that the values of structural parameters reduce a large amount while using isolator. However, LRB is found beneficial than HDRB. The structure experiences huge storey drift at the soft storey level that may be severe and cause immature failure. The amount of masonry infill is very vital for soft storey buildings as its decrement increases reasonable displacements. © 2011 Academic Journals.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 5 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Saiful Islam, A. B. M.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: abm.saiful@gmail.com References: Ariga, T., Kanno, Y., Takewaki, I., Resonant behaviour of baseisolated high-rise buildings under long-period ground motions (2006) Struct. Des. Tall Special Build, 15, pp. 325-338; Balkaya, C., Kalkan, E., Nonlinear seismic response evaluation of tunnel form building structures (2003) Comput. Struct, 81, pp. 153-165; (1993) BNBC. Bangladesh: Housing and Building Research Institute, , Bangladesh National Building Code, Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute; Baratta, A., Corbi, I., Optimal design of base-isolators in multistory buildings (2004) Comput. Struct, 82, pp. 2199-2209; Bhuiyan, A.R., Okui, Y., Mitamura, H., Imai, T., A rheology model of high damping rubber bearings for seismic analysis: Identification of nonlinear viscosity (2009) Int. J. Solids Struct, 46, pp. 1778-1792; Casciati, F., Hamdaoui, K., Modelling the uncertainty in the response of a base isolator (2008) Probabilistic Eng. Mech, 23, pp. 427-437; Chen, Y.Q., Constantinou, M.C., Use of Teflon sliders in a modification of the concept of soft first storey (1990) Eng. Struct, 12 (4), pp. 243-253; Chen, Y.Q., Constantinou, M.C., Use of Teflon sliders in a modification of the concept of soft first storey (1992) Constr. Build. Mater, 6, pp. 97-105; (2004) Linear and Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Analysis of Three-dimensional Structures Berkeley (CA): Computer & Structures, , CSI Computer & Structures Inc. SAP2000, Inc; Dall’asta, A., Ragni, L., Experimental tests and analytical model of high damping rubber dissipating devices (2006) Eng. Struct, 28, pp. 1874-1884; Dall’asta, A., Ragni, L., Nonlinear behavior of dynamic systems with high damping rubber devices (2008) Eng. Struct, 30, pp. 3610-3618; Deb, S., Seismic base isolation-an overview (2004) Curr. Sci, 87, pp. 1426-1430; di Egidio, A., Contento, A., Seismic response of a non-symmetric rigid block on a constrained oscillating base (2010) Eng. Struct, 32, pp. 3028-3039; Dicleli, M., Buddaram, S., Comprehensive evaluation of equivalent linear analysis method for seismic-isolated structures represented by sdof systems (2007) Eng. Struct, 29, pp. 1653-1663; Habibullah, A., (2005) SAP 2000, Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Structures, , Computers and Structures Inc., Berkeley, California; Hong, W., Kim, H., Performance of a multi-storey structure with a resilient-friction base isolation system (2004) Comput. Struct, 82, pp. 2271-2283; Hussain, R.R., Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., (2010) Base Isolators As Earthquake Protection Devices In Buildings: VDM Publishing House Ltd, p. 140. , Benoit Novel, Simultaneously published in USA & U.K; Islam, A.B.M.S., (2009) Evaluation of Structural and Economic Implications of Incorporating Base Isolator As Earthquake Protection Device In Buildings In Dhaka [Master’s Thesis], , Dhaka, Bangladesh: Bangladesh Univ. Eng. Technol., (BUET); Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., (2010) Isolation System Design For Buildings In Dhaka: Its Feasibility and Economic Implication, pp. 99-104. , Proc. Conf. Eng. Res. Innov. Educ. 11-13 January, Bangladesh, Sylhet; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Al-Hussaini, T.M., (2010) Effect of Isolation On Buildings In Dhaka. 3rd International Earthquake Symposium, pp. 465-472. , BES. 5-6 March; Bangladesh, Dhaka; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., (2010) Seismic Base Isolation For Buildings In Regions of Low to Moderate Seismicity: A Practical Alternative Design. Practice Periodical On Structural Design and Const, , ASCE., [DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000093]; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Jameel, M., Generation of Response Spectra Along With Time History for Earthquake in Dhaka for Dynamic Analysis of Structures (2010) SUST Stud, 14 (4), pp. 56-68; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Seismic isolation in buildings to be a practical reality: Behaviour of structure and installation technique (2011) J. Eng. Technol. Res, 3 (4), pp. 99-117; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on optimal isolation system and dynamic structural responses in multi-storey buildings (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci, 6 (9), pp. 2219-2228; Ismail, M., Rodellar, J., Ikhouane, F., An innovative isolation device for aseismic design (2010) Eng. Struct, 32, pp. 1168-1183; Jangid, R.S., Optimum lead-rubber isolation bearings for near-fault motions (2007) Eng. Struct, 29, pp. 2503-2513; Kelly, T.E., (2001) Base Isolation of Structures: Design Guidelines, , Holmes Consulting Group Ltd; Kelly, T.E., Robinson, W.H., Skinner, R.I., Seismic Isolation for Designers and Struct (2006) Eng, , Robinson Seismic Ltd; Kilar, V., Koren, D., Seismic behaviour of asymmetric base isolated structures with various distributions of isolators (2009) Eng. Struct, 31, pp. 910-921; Kirac, N., Dogan, M., Ozbasaran, H., (2010) Failure of Weak Storey During Earthquakes, , Engineering Failure Analysis In Press; Komodromos, P., Simulation of the earthquake-induced pounding of seismically isolated buildings (2008) Comput. Struct, 86, pp. 618-626; Komodromos, P., Polycarpou, P., Papaloizou, L., Phocas, M., Response of seismically isolated buildings considering poundings (2007) Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dynam, 36, pp. 1605-1622; Lu, L.Y., Lin, G.L., Predictive control of smart isolation system for precision equipment subjected to near-fault earthquakes (2008) Eng. Struct, 30, pp. 3045-3064; Matsagar, V.A., Jangid, R.S., Influence of isolator characteristics on the response of base-isolated structures (2004) Eng. Struct, 26, pp. 1735-1749; Micheli, I., Cardini, S., Colaiuda, A., Turroni, P., Investigation upon the dynamic structural response of a nuclear plant on aseismic isolating devices (2004) Nuclear Eng. Des, 228, pp. 319-343; Mo, Y.L., Chang, Y.F., Application of base isolation concept to soft first storey build (1995) Comput. Struct, 55, pp. 883-896; Pocanschi, A., Phocas, M.C., Earthquake isolator with progressive nonlinear deformability (2007) Eng. Struct, 29, pp. 2586-2592; Polycarpou, P.C., Komodromos, P., Earthquake-induced poundings of a seismically isolated building with adjacent structures (2010) Eng. Struct, 32, pp. 1937-1951; Providakis, C.P., Effect of LRB isolators and supplemental viscous dampers on seismic isolated buildings under near-fault excitations (2008) Eng. Struct, 30, pp. 1187-1198; Sharma, A., Jangid, R., Behaviour of Base-Isolated Structures with High Initial Isolator Stiffness (2009) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol, p. 5; Spyrakos, C.C., Koutromanos, I.A., Maniatakis, C.A., Seismic response of base-isolated buildings including soil-structure interaction (2009) Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng, 29, pp. 658-668; (1997) Earthquake Regulations For Seismic Isolated Structures, , Uniform Building Code, UBC, Whitter CA, USA; Wilbowo, A., Wilson, J.L., Lam, N.T.K., Gad, E.F., Collapse modeling analysis of a precast soft storey building in Australia (2010) Eng. Struct, 32, pp. 1925-1936; Yoshimura, M., Nonlinear analysis of a reinforced concrete building with a soft first storey collapsed by the 1995 Hyogoken- Nanbu earthquake (1997) Cem. Concrete Comp, 19, pp. 213-221
M Safiuddin, H B Mahmud, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Efficacy of ASTM Saturation Techniques for Measuring the Water Absorption of Concrete   Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 36: 5. 761-768  
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of three ASTM saturation techniques for measuring the water absorption of concrete. The water absorption of two ordinary concretes was determined based on the cold water, boiling water and vacuum saturation techniques. The concretes were produced with water to cement (w/c) ratios of 0.50 and 0.60 and tested at 7 and 28 days. The vacuum saturation was more effective than the cold water and boiling water saturation methods. The vacuum saturation technique produced up to 13.1% more water absorption than the boiling water saturation method and up to 20.2% more water absorption than the cold water saturation method. Thus the present study suggests that the vacuum saturation technique is more efficient than both cold water and boiling water saturation methods to measure the water absorption of concrete.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: safiq@um.edu.my References: (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 125: American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia; Emerson, M., Mechanisms of water absorption by concrete (1990) Proceedings of the International Conference on Protection of Concrete, pp. 689-700. , University of Dundee, Scotland; Safiuddin, M., Zain, M.F.M., Yusof, K.M., Effect of mineral admixtures and curing methods on the initial surface absorption of high performance concrete (1999) Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Concrete Engineering and Technology, pp. 249-257. , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Protection of Metals in Concrete against Corrosion (2004) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, , ACI 222R-01, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan; McCarter, W.J., Ezirim, H., Emerson, M., Absorption of water and chloride into concrete (1992) Mag. Concr. Res., 44 (158), pp. 31-37; Hooton, R.D., Influence of silica fume replacement of cement on physical properties and resistance to sulfate attack, freezing and thawing, and alkali-silica reactivity (1993) ACI Mater. J., 90 (2), pp. 143-151; Neville, A.M., (1996) Properties of Concrete. 4th and Final Edn, , New York: Wiley; Guide to durable concrete (2004) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, , ACI 201. 2R-01, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan; Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 642, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia; Standard test method for electrical indication of concrete’s ability to resist chloride ion penetration (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1202, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia; Haynes, J.M., Determination of pore properties of constructional and other materials: general introduction and classification of methods (1973) Mater. Struct., 6 (33), pp. 169-174; Standard practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavyweight and mass concrete (2004) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, , ACI 211. 1-91, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan; Standard test method for slump of hydraulic-cement concrete (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 143/C 143 M, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia; Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 192/C 192 M, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia; Janz, M., Technique for measuring moisture storage capacity at high moisture levels (2001) J. Mater. Civil Eng., 13 (5), pp. 364-370; Safiuddin, M., Hearn, N., Comparison of ASTM saturation techniques for measuring the permeable porosity of concrete (2005) Cement Concr. Res., 35 (5), pp. 1008-1013; Nokken, M.R., Hooton, R.D., Dependence of rate of absorption on degree of saturation of concrete (2002) Cement Concr. Aggreg., 24 (1), pp. 20-24; Hearn, N., Hooton, R.D., Mills, R.H., Pore structure and permeability (1994) Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials, ASTM STP 169C, pp. 240-262. , American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia
A B M Saiful Islam, M Jameel, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Effect of time elapse after wave hitting on coupled spar platform   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 11. 2671-2680  
Abstract: Oil and gas exploration has moved from shallow to much deeper water now-a-days. Offshore compliant floating structure like Spar platforms in this region are competent deep water platform. As water depth increases operational Spar platforms experience more influence of mooring lines suggestively. So the motion analysis of platforms in deep waters requires counting the mooring upshot with spar hull. The most common approach for solving the dynamics of Spar platform is to employ a decoupled quasistatic method, which ignores all or part of the interaction effects between the platform and mooring lines. Coupled analysis in the present study includes the mooring lines and platform in a single model. This model can cope with the coupling conduct and match the forces, displacement, velocities and acceleration at the fairlead position along with all possible significant nonlinearities. The output from such analyses is essentially platform motions as well as a mooring line response. In actual field problems hydrodynamic loads due to wave and currents act simultaneously on Spar platform and mooring lines. In this finite element model, the entire structure acts as coupled in consistent manner. This offshore Spar platform model has been analyzed in regular wave of ocean environment. Surge, heave and pitch motion responses of coupled Spar platform is obtained after 1000 and 6000 s of storm. The behaviors of dynamic responses have been evaluated as noteworthy even for time elapse after wave hitting.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 5 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Saiful Islam, A. B. M.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: abm.saiful@gmail.com References: Chen, X.H., Zhang, J., (1999) Coupled Time-domain Analysis of the Response of a Spar and Its Mooring System, pp. 293-300. , International Offshore Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE); Chen, X.H., Zhang, J., Ma, W., On dynamic coupling effects between a spar and its mooring lines (2001) Ocean Eng, 28, pp. 863-887; Chen, X., Ding, Y., Zhang, J., Liagre, P., Niedzwecki, J., Teigen, P., Coupled dynamic analysis of a mini TLP: Comparison with measurements (2006) Ocean Eng, 33, pp. 93-117; Colby, C., Sodahl, N., Katla, E., Okkenhaung, S., (2000) Coupling Effects For a Deepwater Spar, pp. 2-7. , Offshore Technology Conference, OTC 12083; Fan, Z., Jian-Min, Y., Run-Pei, L., Gang, C., Coupling effects for celltruss spar platform: Comparison of frequency-and time-domain analyses with model tests (2008) J. Hydrodyn, 20 (4), pp. 424-432; Gupta, H., Finn, L., Weaver, T., (2000) Effects of Spar Coupled Analysis, pp. 1-10. , Offshore Technology Conference, OTC 12082; Islam, A.B.M.S., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on optimal isolation system and dynamic structural responses in multi-story buildings (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci, 6 (9), pp. 2219-2228; Islam, A.B.M.S., Ahmad, S.I., Jameel, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Study on corollary of seismic base isolation system on buildings with soft story (2011) Int. J. Phys. Sci, , In Press; Jameel, M., (2008) Non-linear Dynamic Analysis and Reliability Assessment of Deepwater Floating Structure, , PhD thesis. Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IIT Delhi); Kim, M.H., Ran, Z., Zheng, W., Hull/Mooring Coupled dynamic analysis of a Truss Spar in time domain (2001) Int. J. Offshore Polar. Eng, 11 (1), pp. 42-53; Kim, M.H., Tahar, A., Kim, Y.B., (2001) Variability of TLP Motion Analysis Against Various Design Methologies/parameters, 3, pp. 467-473. , Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conf. (ISOPE); Kim, M.H., Ward, E.G., Haring, R., (2001) Comparison of Numerical Models For the Capability of Hull/mooring/Riser Coupled Dynamic Analysis For Spars and TLPs In Deep and Ultra-Deep Waters, 3, pp. 474-479. , Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conf. (ISOPE); Kim, M.H., Koo, B.J., Mercier, R.M., Ward, E.G., Vessel/mooring/riser couple dynamic analysis of a turret-moored FPSO compared with OTRC experiment (2005) Ocean Eng, 32, pp. 1780-1802; Low, Y.M., Prediction of extreme responses of floating structures using a hybrid time/frequency domain coupled approach (2008) Ocean Eng, 35, pp. 1416-1428; Low, Y.M., Langley, R.S., A hybrid time/frequency domain approach for efficient coupled analysis of vessel/mooring/riser dynamics (2008) Ocean Eng, 35 (5-6), pp. 433-446; Ma, W., Lee, L.-Y., (2000) Deepwater Nonlinear Coupled Analysis Tool, pp. 1-11. , Offshore Technology Conference, OTC 12085; Ormberg, H., Larsen, K., Coupled analysis of floater motion and mooring dynamics for a turret-moored ship (1998) Appl. Ocean Res, 20, pp. 55-67; Paulling, J.R., Webster, W.C., A consistent, large-amplitude analysis of the coupled response of a TLP and tendon system (1986) Offshore Mech. Arctic Eng. Symp. (OMAE), 3, pp. 126-133; Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., (1996) Nonlinear Coupled Response of a Tethered Spar Platform In Waves, pp. 281-287. , Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conf. (ISOPE); Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Niedzwecki, J.M., Johnson, R.P., Response of a Spar platform in Random Waves and Currents (Experiment vs. Theory) (1996) Int. J. Offshore. Polar. Eng, 6 (1), pp. 27-34; Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Nonlinear coupled responses of a tethered spar platform in waves (1997) Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng, 7 (2), pp. 111-118; Ran, Z., Kim, M.H., Zheng, W., Coupled dynamic analysis of a moored spar in random waves and currents (time-domain versus frequencydomain analysis) (1999) J. Offshore Mech. Arctic Eng, 121, pp. 194-200; Tahar, A., Kim, M.H., Coupled-dynamic analysis of floating structures with polyester mooring lines (2008) Ocean Eng, 35, pp. 1676-1685; Yang, C.K., Kim, M.H., Transient effect of tendon disconnection of a TLP by hull-tendon-riser coupled dynamic analysis (2010) Ocean Eng, 37, pp. 667-677
S V Razavi, M Z Jumaat, A H Ei-Shafie, P Mohammadi (2011)  General regression neural network (GRNN) for the first crack analysis prediction of strengthened RC one-way slab by CFRP   International Journal of Physical Sciences 6: 10. 2439-2446  
Abstract: In this study, six strengthened RC one-way slabs with different lengths and thicknesses of CFRP were tested and compared with a similar RC slab without CFRP. The dimensions of the slabs were1800 x 400 x 120 mm and the lengths of CFRP used were 700, 1100, and 1500 mm, with different thicknesses of 1.2 and 1.8 mm. The results of the experimental operation for the first crack were used to generate general regression neural networks (GRNNs). Concerning the limited data for training and testing, the different data were extracted seven times for use as training and testing data. In this case, the optimum run was evaluated and compared with the experimental results. The results indicate that the amount of MSE and RMSE was acceptable and the correlation coefficient was close to 1.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 2 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Razavi, S. V.; Civil Engineering Department, University Malaya (UM)Malaysia; email: Vahidrazavy@yahoo.com References: Ahmed, A.N.E., Karim, A., Jaffar, O., Evaluation the efficiency of Radial Basis Function Neural Network for Prediction of water quality parameters (2009) Eng. Intell. Syst, 17 (4), pp. 221-231; Amen, A., Laurent, M., Manuel, L., Patric, H., Strengthening slab using externally-bonded strip composite (2008) Compos, 39, pp. 1125-1135; Clarke, J.K., Waldron, P., The reinforcement of concrete structures with advanced composites (1996) Struct. Eng, 74 (3), pp. 283-288; Altun, F., ÖzgÃŒr, K., Kamil, A., Predicting the compressive strength of steel fiber added lightweight concrete using neural network (2008) Comput. Mater. Sci, 42, p. 2; Jamal, A.A., Elsanosi, A., Abdelwahab, A., Modeling and simulation of shear resistance of R/C beams using artificial neural network (2007) J. Franklin Inst, 344, pp. 741-756; Kasperkiewics, J., Racz, J., Dubrawski, A., HPC strength prediction using ANN (1995) ASCE J. Comput. Civ. Eng, 9, pp. 279-284; Lai, S., Sera, M., Concrete strength prediction by means of neural network (1997) Constr. Build. Mater, 11, pp. 93-98; Lange, N.T., New mathematical approaches in hydrological modeling an application of artificial neural networks (1999) Phys. Chem. Earth (B), 24 (1-2), pp. 31-35; Lee, S.C., Prediction of concrete strength using artificial neural Networks (2003) Eng. Struct, 25, pp. 849-857; Mehmet, I., Modeling ultimate deformation capacity of RC columns using artificial Eng (2007) Struct, 29, pp. 329-335; Naci, C., Muzaffer, E., Zeynep, D.Y., Mehmet, S., (2007) Neural Networks In 3-dimensional Dynamic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings; Ola, E., Joakim, L., TÀljsten, B., Piotr, R., Thomas, O., CFRP strengthened openings in two-way concrete slabs - An experimental and numerical study (2007) Constr. Build. Mater, 21, pp. 810-826; Pannirselvam, N., Raghunath, P.N., Suguna, K., Neural Networks for performance of Glass Fiber Reinforced polymer plated RC beam (2008) Am. J. Eng. Appl. Sci, 1, pp. 82-88; Smith, S.T., Kim, S.J., (2008) Strengthening of One-way Spanning RC Slabs With Cutouts Using FRP Composites, , The University of Hong Kong. University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; Specht, D.F., Probabilistic neural networks (1990) Neur. Netw, 3, pp. 109-118; Sudheer, K.P., Gosain, A.K., Mohana, R.D., Saheb, S.M., Modelling evaporation using an artificial neural network algorithm (2002) Hydrol. Process. Lfi, pp. 3189-3202; Taljsten, B., Elfgren, L., Strengthening of concrete beams for shear using CFRP-materials: Evaluation of different application methods (2000) Compos., Part B, Eng, 31, pp. 87-96; Yeh, I.C., Modeling of strength of HPC using ANN (1998) Cem. Concr. Res, 28, pp. 1797-1808
M Safiuddin, M H Md Isa, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material   Chiang Mai Journal of Science 38: 3. 389-404  
Abstract: This paper reports the key fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) incorporating palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a supplementary cementing material. Various SCC mixtures were produced based on the water/binder ratio of 0.50 and 0.60. POFA was incorporated in concretes substituting 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of cement by weight. The fresh concretes were tested for the key workability properties of SCC such as filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The filling ability was determined with respect to slump flow, T 50cm spread time, and V-funnel flow time. The passing ability was measured with regard to J-ring flow. The segregation resistance was qualitatively assessed in respect of visual stability index. The segregation resistance was also quantified by sieve and column tests. Test results showed that the slump flow and J-ring flow decreased whereas the T 50cm spread time and V-funnel flow time increased with higher POFA content. The presence of POFA improved the stability of concrete mixture and provided a lower visual stability index. In addition, the segregation index and segregation factor obtained from sieve and column tests, respectively, decreased with greater POFA content. The overall findings suggest that the filling ability and passing ability of SCC decreased whereas its segregation resistance increased with higher POFA content.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 3 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, M.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada; email: msafiudd@engmail.uwaterloo.ca References: Khayat, K.H., Workability, Testing, and Performance of Self-Consolidating Concrete (1999) ACI Materials Journal, 96, pp. 346-353; (2002) Specifications and Guidelines For Self-Consolidating Concrete, , EFNARC, European Federation of Suppliers of Specialist Construction Chemicals (EFNARC), Surrey, UK; Safiuddin, M., (2008) Development of Self-Consolidating High Performance Concrete Incorporating Rice Husk Ash, , Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Safiuddin, M., West, J.S., Soudki, K.A., Flowing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete and Its Paste and Mortar Components Incorporating Rice Husk Ash (2010) Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 37, pp. 401-412; Safiuddin, M., West, J.S., Soudki, K.A., Hardened Properties of Self-Consolidating High Performance Concrete Including Rice Husk Ash (2010) Cement and Concrete Composites, 32, pp. 708-717; Safiuddin, M., West, J.S., Soudki, K.A., Flowing Ability of the Mortars Formulated from Self-Compacting Concretes Incorporating Rice Husk Ash (2011) Construction and Building Materials, 25, pp. 973-978; Lachemi, M., Hossain, K.M.A., Lambros, V., Bouzoubaâ, N., Development of Cost-effective Self-Consolidating Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash, Slag Cement, or Viscosity-modifying Admixtures (2003) ACI Materials Journal, 100, pp. 419-425; Khayat, K.H., Optimization and Performance of Air-Entrained, Self-Consolidating Concrete (2000) ACI Materials Journal, 97, pp. 526-535; Lim, B.A., (2000) Feature On Palm Oil Fuel Ash, , The New Straits Times, Thursday, December 28, Malaysia; Safiuddin, M., Salam, M.A., Jumaat, M.Z., Utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash in Concrete: A Review (2011) Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, , in press; Sata, V., Jaturapitakkul, C., Kiattikomol, K., Influence of Pozzolans from Various by-product Materials on Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Concrete (2007) Construction and Building Materials, 21, pp. 1,589-1,598; Tangchirapat, W., Saeting, T., Jaturapitakkul, C., Kiattikomol, K., Siripanichgorn, A., Use of Waste Ash from Palm Oil Industry in Concrete (2007) Waste Management, 27, pp. 81-88; Tay, J.H., Show, K.Y., Use of Ash Derived from Oil-Palm Waste Incineration as a Cement Replacement Material, Resources (1995) Conservation and Recycling, 13, pp. 27-36; Chindaprasirt, P., Homwuttiwong, S., Jaturapitakkul, C., Strength and Water Permeability of Concrete Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Rice Husk Ash (2007) Construction and Building Materials, 21, pp. 1,492-1,499; Awal, A.S.M.A., Hussin, M.W., Durability of High Performance Concrete Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash, pp. 465-474. , in: Lacasse M.A., Vanier D.J. and Payer D.R., eds., Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on the Durability of Building Materials and Composites, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 30 May-3 June, 1999; (2009) Standard Specification For Coal Fly Ash and Raw Or Calcined Natural Pozzolan For Use In Concrete, 4 (2). , ASTM C 618, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Cementitious Materials for Use in Concrete (2008) Canada, , CSA A3001 Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, Ontario; (2009) Standard Test Method For Fineness of Hydraulic Cement By the 45-Όm (No. 325) Sieve, 4 (1). , ASTM C 430, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2009) Standard Specification For Portland Cement, 4 (1). , ASTM C 150, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (1975) Department of Environment (DOE), , DOE, Design of Normal Concrete Mixes, The Building Research and Establishment (BRE) Publication, Watford, UK; (2009) Standard Test Method For Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1611/C 1611M, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2009) Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete By J-Ring, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1621/C 1621M, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Mouret, M., Escadeillas, G., Bascoul, A., Metrological Signifi cance of the Column Test in the Assessment of the Static Segregation of Self-Compacting Concrete in the Fresh State (2008) Materials and Structures, 41, pp. 663-679; (2009) Standard Test Method For Static Segregation of Self- Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1610/C 1610M, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Nagataki, S., Fujiwara, H., (1995) Selfcompacting Property of Highly Flowable Concrete, pp. 301-314. , in: Malhotra V.M., ed., Proceedings of the Second CANMET/ACI International Symposium on Advances in Concrete Technology, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA; (2005) The European Guidelines For Selfcompacting Concrete: Specifi Cation, Production and Use, Self-compacting Concrete European Project Group (SCCEPG), , SCCEPG, The European Federation of Concrete Admixtures Associations, West Midlands, UK; Perez, N., Romero, H., Hermida, G., Cuellar, G., (2002) Self-Compacting Concrete, On the Search and Finding of An Optimized Design, pp. 101-107. , in: Shah S.P., Daczko J.A. and Lingscheit J.N., eds., Proceedings of the First North American Conference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Hanley-Wood, LLC, Illinois, USA; Petrou, M.F., Harries, K.A., Gadala-Maria, F., Kolli, V.G., A Unique Experimental Method for Monitoring Aggregate Settlement in Concrete (2000) Cement and Concrete Research, 30, pp. 809-816; Bonen, D., Shah, S.P., Fresh and Hardened Properties of Self-Consolidating Concrete (2005) Progress In Structural Engineering and Materials, 7, pp. 14-26; Saak, A.W., Jennings, H.M., Shah, S.P., A Generalized Approach for the Determination of Yield Stress by Slump and Slump Flow (2004) Cement and Concrete Research, 34, pp. 363-371; Koehler, E.P., Fowler, D.W., (2006) ICAR Mixture Proportioning Procedure For Self- Consolidating Concrete, , Research Report 108-1, International Center for Aggregates Research, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA; Saak, A.W., Jennings, H.M., Shah, S.P., New Methodology for Designing Self- Compacting Concrete (2001) ACI Materials Journal, 98, pp. 429-439
Safiuddin Md, U J Alengaram, A Salam Md, M Z Jumaat, F F Jaafar, H B Saad (2011)  Properties of high-workability concrete with recycled concrete aggregate   Materials Research-Ibero-American Journal of Materials 14: 2. 248-255  
Abstract: This study presents the effects of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on the key fresh and hardened properties of concrete. RCA was used to produce high-workability concrete substituting 0-100% natural coarse aggregate (NCA) by weight. The slump and slump flow of fresh concretes were determined to ensure high workability. In addition, the compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths, modulus of elasticity, and permeable voids of hardened concretes were determined. The test results revealed that RCA significantly decreased the workability of concrete. RCA also affected the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and permeable voids of concrete. At the age of 28 days, the concrete with 100% RCA provided 12.2% lower compressive strength and 17.7% lesser modulus of elasticity than the control concrete. Also, 100% RCA increased the permeable voids of 28-day old concrete by 8.2%. However, no significant negative impact of RCA was observed on the flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete.
Notes: 792EL Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:45
Safiuddin Md, A Salam Md, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in concrete : A review   Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 17: 2. 234-247  
Abstract: Uncontrolled dumping of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) not only occupies valuable land but also creates environmental pollution and health hazard. These problems can be reduced to large extent by using POFA in concrete. A number of research works have been carried out to investigate the potential of POFA for use as a supplementary cementing material in normal, high strength, high performance, and aerated concretes. This paper presents a review on the use of POFA in different types of concrete. It firstly discusses the physical and chemical properties of POFA. Then the emphasis has been given on the effects of POFA on the fresh and hardened properties, and durability of concrete. This paper shows that both ground and unground POFA increase the water demand and thus decrease the workability of concrete. However, ground POFA has shown a good potential for improving the hardened properties and durability of concrete due to its satisfactory micro-filling ability and pozzolanic activity. In addition to discussing the benefits of POFA, this study has identified certain gaps in the present state of knowledge on POFA concrete, and listed several research needs for future investigation. The findings of this study would encourage the use of POFA as a supplementary cementing material for concrete.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 4 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, Md.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; email: msafiudd@engmail.uwaterloo.ca
M D Safiuddin, M A Salam, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Effects of recycled concrete aggregate on the fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete   Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 11: 4. 1023-1041  
Abstract: Concrete wastes are generally delivered to the landfill sites for disposal. Due to increasing charges of landfill and scarcity of natural coarse aggregate (NCA), recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) derived from concrete wastes is growing interest in construction industry. In the present study, RCA was used as partial and full re-placements of NCA to produce self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Different SCC mixes were produced with RCA substituting 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% NCA by weight. The water to cement (W/C) ratio and high-range water reducer (HRWR) dosage were kept the same for all concretes. The effects of RCA on the key fresh properties such as filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance of SCC were investigated. The test results revealed that the filling ability and passing ability of SCC were improved for 30% and 50% RCA. The SCC mixes with 30% and 50% RCA also possessed adequate segregation resistance. In addition, strong correla-tions were observed for filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The overall test results suggest that RCA can be used to produce SCC substituting up to 50% NCA without affecting the key fresh properties of concrete.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, M.D.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada References: (2009) Standard specification for concrete aggregates, , ASTM C 33 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2009) Standard test method for static segregation of self-consolidating concrete using column technique, , ASTM C 1610/C 1610M: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2009) Standard test method for slump flow of self-consolidating concrete, , ASTM C 1611/C 1611M: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Brameshuber, W., Uebachs, S., Practical experience with the application of self-compacting concrete in Germany (2001) Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, pp. 687-695. , COMS Engineering Corporation, Tokyo, Japan; (1975) Design of normal concrete mixes, , DoE: Department of Environment (DoE), The Building Research and Establishment (BRE) Publication, Watford, UK; (2002) Specifications and guidelines for self-consolidating concrete, , EFNARC: European Federation of Suppliers of Specialist Construction Chemicals (EFNARC), Surrey, UK; Felekoglu, B., TÃŒrkel, S., Baradan, B., Effect of water/cement ratio on the fresh and hard-ened properties of self-compacting concrete (2007) Building and Environment, 42 (4), pp. 1795-1802; Grdic, Z.J., Toplicic-Curcic, G.A., Despotovic, I.M., Ristic, N.S., Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with coarse recycled concrete aggregate (2010) Construction and Building Materials, 24 (7), pp. 1129-1133; Hendriks, C.F., Pieterson, H.S., Concrete: durable but also sustainable (1998) Proceedings of the International Conference on the Use of Recycled Concrete Aggregates, pp. 1-18. , Thomas Telford, London, UK; Katz, A., Properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate from partially hydrated old concrete (2003) Cement and Concrete Research, 33 (5), pp. 703-711; Khayat, K.H., Workability, testing, and performance of self-consolidating concrete (1999) ACI Materials Journal, 96 (3), pp. 346-353; Khayat, K.H., Optimization and performance of air-entrained, self-consolidating concrete (2000) ACI Materials Journal, 97 (5), pp. 526-535; Koehler, E.P., Fowler, D.W., (2006) ICAR mixture proportioning procedure for self-consolidating concrete, , International Centre for Aggregates Research, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA; Kou, S.C., Poon, C.S., Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates (2009) Cement and Concrete Composites, 31 (9), pp. 622-627; Levy, S.M., Helene, P., Durability of recycled aggregates concrete: a safe way to sustain-able development (2004) Cement and Concrete Research, 34 (11), pp. 1975-1980; Nagataki, S., Fujiwara, H., (1995) Self-compacting property of highly flowable concrete, pp. 301-314. , Proceed-ings of the Second CANMET/ACI International Symposium on Advances in Concrete Technology, American Concrete Institute, Michigan, USA; Okamura, H., Ouchi, M., Self-compacting concrete-development, present and future (1999) Proceedings of the First International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, pp. 3-14. , RILEM Publications, Bagneux, France; Okamura, H., Ouchi, M., Self-compacting concrete (2003) Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 1 (1), pp. 5-15; Ozawa, K., Mackawa, K., Okamura, H., High performance concrete based on the durability design of concrete structures (1989) Proceedings of the Second East Asia Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, pp. 445-450. , Chiang-Mai, Thailand; Parez, N., Romero, H., Hermida, G., Cuellar, G., Self-compacting concrete, on the search and finding of an optimized design (2002) Proceedings of the First North American Conference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, pp. 101-107. , Hanley-Wood, LLC, Illinois, USA; Poon, C., Kou, S., Lam, L., Influence of recycled aggregate on slump and bleeding of fresh concrete (2007) Materials and Structures, 40 (9), pp. 981-988; Recycled aggregate, , http://www.cement.org/tech/cct_aggregates_recycled.asp, Portland Cement Association: Available from Concrete Technology, Available from Access in May 13, 2010; Sagoe-Crentsil, K.K., Brown, T., Taylor, A.H., Performance of concrete made with commercially produced coarse recycled concrete aggregate (2001) Cement and Concrete Research, 31 (5), pp. 707-712; Su, N., Wang, B.L., Study on the engineering properties of recycled aggregate concrete and recovered aggregate from demolished concrete (2000) Journal of the Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, 12 (3), pp. 435-444; Tang, L., Evaluation of methods for testing fresh self-compacting concrete (2005) Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Design, pp. 245-252. , Performance and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Changsha, China; Tu, T.-Y., Chen, Y.-Y., Hwang, C.-L., Properties of HPC with recycled aggregates (2006) Cement and Concrete Research, 36 (5), pp. 943-950; Tu, T.-Y., Jann, Y.-Y., Hwang, C.-L., The application of recycled aggregates in SCC (2005) Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Design, pp. 145-152. , Performance and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Changsha, China; Zakaria, M., Cabrera, J.G., Performance and durability of concrete made with demolition waste and artificial fly ash-clay aggregates (1996) Waste Management, 16 (1-3), pp. 151-158
2010
Iman Chitsazan, Mohsen Kobraei, Mohd Zamin Jumaat, Payam Shafigh (2010)  An experimental study on the flexural behaviour of FRP RC bemas and comparison of the ultimate moment capacity with ACI   Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology 1: 2. 27-42  
Abstract: As it is known, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars are typically quite different from those of steel bars and they depend mainly on both matrix and fibers type, as well as on their volume fraction; although generally, FRP bars have lower weight, lower modulus of elasticity, but higher strength than steel. In the other hand, FRP has disadvantages, for instance: no yielding before brittle rupture and low transverse strength. In this research, we have investigated flexural behavior in reinforced concrete beams with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) and have analyzed the different kinds of failure, ultimate moment capacity, deflection, load of first crack, how to create and expand cracks, tensile and compressive strains created on beam and position of neutral axis (NA) during loading for different ratios of bars on 10 laboratorial specimens. Using high strength concrete instead of normal concrete and increasing the effective depth over the breadth on flexural behavior of concrete beams with GFRP had been studied. Results taken from the experimental tests have been compared with ACI 440 and they show that deflections, width of cracks and the cracks’ extent are further used toward the usual RC beams. High strength concrete instead of normal concrete is the ascended load of the first crack and it created more cracks, but with less width of crack. It is recommended that the selected ratio of effective depth over breadth (d/b) is slightly larger than 2. In addition, it can be said that the amount of the balanced bar provided by ACI 400 is not an exact criteria to determine the type of failure, and it is only in cases where the ratio of bars are lower than the balanced mode that ruptures occur in reinforcement area.
Notes:
A B M S Islam, S I Ahmad, M Jameel, M J Zamin (2010)  Seismic Base Isolation for Buildings in Regions of Low to Moderate Seismicity : Practical Alternative Design   Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 17: 1. 13-20  
Abstract: lthough Dhaka city has experienced any moderate to large earthquakes in the past, some recent ground shakings are certainly indications of its earthquake source and vulnerability. In addition, microseismicity data also supports the existence of at least four earthquake source points in and around Dhaka. However, it is important to appropriately consider the seismic lateral load effect in structural design. A newly adopted technology of seismic design is to isolate the superstructure from the substructure with the use of a base isolator. This paper covers the design of base isolators for a building located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, along with its structural and economic feasibility. A time history is generated for Dhaka, adjusting peak ground acceleration as per seismic region from a nearby recorded earthquake. The response spectrum curve based on the site geology of Dhaka is also generated from this time history. Linear static as well as dynamic (time history and response spectrum) analyses have been carried out for both isolated and nonisolated buildings. Similar analyses have also been repeated for buildings with different heights but similar plan areas. The study reveals that for low-to medium-rise buildings, isolation can reduce seismic force along with some savings in structural cost of the building, though incorporating base isolators increase the overall price and installation cost. A meticulous review indicates that savings may be in the order of 5–10% of the total structural cost of the respective building.
Notes:
U J Alengaram, H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat, S M Shirazi (2010)  Effect of aggregate size and proportion on strength properties of palm kernel shell concrete   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5: 12. 1848-1856  
Abstract: This paper presents information on the physical and mechanical properties of different sizes of palm kernel shells (PKS) used here as lightweight aggregates (LWA) and their influence on mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC). Silica fume and fly ash were used as cementitious materials and all mixes had 1% superplasticizer on cement weight. It has been found that PKS consists of about 65 to 70% of medium size particles in the range of 5 to 10 mm. The other two sizes, namely, small (0-5 mm) and large (10-15 mm) sizes were found to influence the mechanical properties of PKSC. The 28-day compressive strengths were found in the range of 21 to 26 MPa. The concrete mix that was made with medium size PKS only produced lower compressive strength of about 11% compared to the mix that contained all sizes of PKS. However, the exclusion of medium size particles didn’t cause any segregation in the gap-graded aggregate concrete. The strength of PKS and bond governed the failure of PKSC. The flexural and splitting tensile strengths were found respectively 12 and 7% of the compressive strength. PKSC with about 70% of PKS of large size produced the highest modulus of elasticity of about 11 GPa.
Notes: 713JW Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:26
M Z Jumaat, M M Rahman, M A Alam (2010)  Flexural strengthening of RC continuous T beam using CFRP laminate : A review   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5: 6. 619-625  
Abstract: Although a great deal of research has been carried out on simply supported reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with Fibre-Reinforced Polymer composites (FRP), a few works has been focused on continuous beams. Particularly, experiments on strengthening the negative moment regions of continuous T beams are rare to find. This paper reviews 40 articles on CFRP strengthened RC beams and 6 articles on CFRP strengthened RC slabs. Existing 10 articles on CFRP strengthened RC continuous beams are critically reviewed. Finally, this paper attempts to address an important practical issue that is encountered in strengthening the negative moment region of RC continuous T beam. The negative moment region of continuous RC T beam is a critical region due to the concurrence of maximum moment and shear as well as installation restraint due to the presence of column. This paper also proposes a simple method of applying CFRP for strengthening the negative moment region of continuous T beam.
Notes: 631NN Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:44
U J Alengaram, H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat (2010)  Comparison of mechanical and bond properties of oil palm kernel shell concrete with normal weight concrete   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5: 8. 1231-1239  
Abstract: The comparison of the fresh, mechanical and bond properties of grade 30 lightweight concrete, namely oil palm kernel shell concrete (OPKSC) with normal weight concrete (NWC) of similar strength is presented in this paper. Oil palm kernel shell (OPKS), an industrial waste has been used as lightweight aggregates (LWA) in the OPKSC. In addition, mineral admixtures, 10% of silica fume and 5% fly ash have been used. The OPKSC produced a density reduction of about 20% compared to NWC. The addition of silica fume enhanced the compressive strength and thus OPKSC produced 28-day compressive strength up to 37 MPa. The bond stress of the OPKSC was found about 86% of the corresponding NWC; however, there was no slip failure between OPKSC and the reinforcement. Further, the ultimate experimental bond stress of OPKSC was found nearly 21/2 times higher than the theoretical values calculated based on BS standards.
Notes: 653AL Times Cited:3 Cited References Count:24
H R Dhananjaya, J Nagabhushanam, P C Pandey, M Z Jumaat (2010)  New twelve node serendipity quadrilateral plate bending element based on Mindlin-Reissner theory using Integrated Force Method   Structural Engineering and Mechanics 36: 5. 625-642  
Abstract: The Integrated Force Method (IFM) is a novel matrix formulation developed for analyzing the civil, mechanical and aerospace engineering structures. In this method all independent/internal forces are treated as unknown variables which are calculated by simultaneously imposing equations of equilibrium and compatibility conditions. This paper presents a new 12-node serendipity quadrilateral plate bending element MQP12 for the analysis of thin and thick plate problems using IFM. The MindlinReissner plate theory has been employed in the formulation which accounts the effect of shear deformation. The performance of this new element with respect to accuracy and convergence is studied by analyzing many standard benchmark plate bending problems. The results of the new element MQP12 are compared with those of displacement-based 12-node plate bending elements available in the literature. The results are also compared with exact solutions. The new element MQP12 is free from shear locking and performs excellent for both thin and moderately thick plate bending situations.
Notes: 679VG Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:36
M Z Jumaat, M D A Alam (2010)  Experimental and numerical analysis of end anchored steel plate and CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete (rc) beams   Int. J. Phys. Sci 5: 2. 132-144  
Abstract: End anchors have been shown to significantly reduce premature plate end debonding failure of plate bonded strengthened reinforced concrete (r. c.) beams. One of the main interest in designing end anchors is to determine the minimum or optimal length of end anchors for a given thickness and height of the end anchor. This paper presents experimental and numerical studies in determining those optimum lengths for steel plate and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminate flexurally strengthened r. c. beams. In the experimental programme, seven r. c. beams were cast. One beam was tested in the un-strengthened condition to act as the control beam. Three beams were strengthened with steel plates and another three beams were strengthened with CFRP laminates. From each group of the strengthened beams, one beam was strengthened without any end anchor, one was end anchored using the optimum anchorage length and the last one was end anchored using an arbitrarily 200 mm anchorage length. The optimum length for the end anchor used in this study was derived from analyzing the interfacial stress diagram of the strengthened beams and was found to be approximately 100 mm. The beams were also modelled using FEM (LUSAS). The results indicate that the optimized 100 mm anchorage length plates were able to prevent premature plate end debonding failure of steel plate and CFRP laminate strengthened beams satisfactorily. It could also be seen from the results that beams with end anchors had a higher failure loads and had more ductile behaviour than the un-anchored strengthened beams. Results also show that the optimized end anchored strengthened beams had identical structural behaviour to that of the longer end anchored strengthened beams. The numerical results are able to predict the behaviour of the beams satisfactorily.
Notes:
P Shafigh, M Z Jumaat, H Mahmud (2010)  Mix design and mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete : A review   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5: 14. 2127-2134  
Abstract: To build environmentally sustainable structures, especially in developing countries, the possibility of using some agricultural wastes and industrial by-products from different industries as construction materials will be highly desirable and has several practical and economic advantages. Oil palm shell (OPS) is a form of agricultural solid waste in the tropical regimes. Research over the last two decades shows that OPS can be used as a lightweight aggregate for producing structural lightweight aggregate concrete. The density of OPS concrete is around 20 - 25% lower than normal weight concrete. Generally, mechanical properties of OPS concrete are slightly lower than the other types of lightweight aggregate concrete. It seems that from the summary and analysis of the existing information concerning OPS concrete and comparing it with other lightweight aggregate concrete it appears that significant achievements can be attained. ©2010 Academic Journals.
Notes: 697ZF Times Cited:4 Cited References Count:46
M Z B Jumaat, H Kabir Md, M Obaydullah (2010)  Structural performance of reinforced concrete beams repairing from spalling   European Journal of Scientific Research 45: 1. 89-102  
Abstract: The effectiveness of a repair work for the restoration of spalled reinforced concrete (r.c.) structures depends to a great extent, on their ability to restore the structural integrity of the r.c. element, to restore its serviceability and to protect the reinforcements from further deterioration. This paper presents results of a study concocted to investigate the structural performance of eight spalled r.c. beams repaired using two advanced repair materials in various zones for comparison purposes, namely a free flowing self compacting mortar (FFSCM) and a polymer Modified cementitious mortar (PMCM). The repair technique adopted was that for the repair of spalled concrete in which the bond between the concrete and steel was completely lost due to reinforcement corrosion or the effect of fire or impact. The beams used for the experiment were first cast, then hacked at various zones before they were repaired except for the control beam. The beam specimens were then loaded to failure under four point loadings. The structural response of each beam was evaluated in terms of first crack load, cracking behavior, crack pattern, deflection, variation of strains in the concrete and steel, collapse load and the modes of failure. The results of the test showed that, the repair materials applied on the various zones of the beams were able to restore more than 100% of the beams’ capacity and that FFSCM gave a better overall performance.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.B.; Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: zamin@um.edu.my References: Diagnosis of deterioration in concrete structures (2000) Concrete Repair Manual 2nd Edn, 1, pp. 988-1027. , Concrete Society and International Concrete Repair Institute. Published jointly by ACI International, Building Research Establishment; Tham, K.W., Durability of concrete structures (1992) Continuing Educational Workshop on Rehabilitation and Repair of Structures, IEB, Malaysia; Cambel - Allen, D., Roper, H., Concrete structures: Material, maintenance and repair (1991) Concrete Design and Construction Series, 102. , Longman Publishers (Pte) Ltd. Singapore. Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Repairing from Spalling; Nounu, G., Chaudhary, Z.-U.-H., Reinforced concrete repairs in beams (1999) Construction and Building Materials, 13 (4), pp. 195-212. , DOI 10.1016/S0950-0618(99)00014-8; Choppola, L., Concrete durability and repair technology ENCO Engineering and Concrete Spresiano (TV); Guide to the maintenance, repair and monitoring of reinforced concrete structures (2003) Concrete Repair Manual, 1, pp. 691-736. , ACI International and BRE Concrete Society and ICRI, 2nd Edn; Rutenbeck, T., (1999) Repairing Concrete with Shotcrete, pp. 90-10. , Bureau of Reclamation, TSC, Civil Engineering Services, Metal Engineering and Research Laboratory, Denver, Colorado; Andrews, G., Sharma, A.K., Repaired reinforced beams (1998) Concrete International: Design and Construction; ACI, 10 (4), pp. 47-51; Almusallam, A.A., Al-Gahtani, A.S., Maslehuddin, M., Khan, M.M., Aziz, A.R., Evaluation of repair materials for functional improvement of slabs and beams with corroded reinforcement (1997) Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Structures and Buildings, 122 (1), pp. 27-34; Almusallam, A.A., Al-Gahtani, A.S., Aziz, A.R., Rasheeduzzafar, Effect of reinforcement corrosion on bond strength (1996) Construction and Building Materials, 10 (2), pp. 123-129. , DOI 10.1016/0950-0618(95)00077-1; Emberson, N.K., Mays, G.C., Significance of property mismatch in the patch repair of structural concrete. Part 3: Reinforced concrete members in flexure (1996) Magazine of Concrete Research, 48 (1), pp. 45-57; Marrosszeky, M., Yu, J.G., Ng, C.M., Study of bond in concrete repairs (1991) Proceedings of the Second CANMET, ACI International Conference on Durability of Concrete, 126 (70), pp. 1331-1354. , Montreal, Canada, ACI-SP; Ong, B.G., (1993) Performance of Repaired Reinforced Concrete Slabs, , Master of Engineering Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore; Emberson, N.K., Mays, G.C., Significance of property mismatch in the patch repair of structural concrete. Part 3: Reinforced concrete members in flexure (1996) Magazine of Concrete Research, 48 (1), pp. 45-57; Guide for selecting and specifying for repair of concrete surfaces (1996) Concrete Repair Manual, 1, pp. 835-912. , International Concrete Repair Institute, 2nd edn., Published jointly by ACI International, Building Research Establishment, Concrete Society and International Concrete Repair Institute; Austin, S.A., Robins, P.J., Development of patch test to study behaviours of shallow concrete patch repairs (1993) Magazine of Concrete. Research, 45 (164), pp. 221-229; Cairns, J., Load relief during structural repairs to reinforced concrete beams (1993) Proceeding of the Institute of Civil Engineers, Structures and Building, 99, pp. 417-427; Marrosszeky, M., Yuan, Y., Major factors influencing the performance of structural repair (1991) Proceedings of ACI International Conference on Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Concrete Structures and Innovation in Design, 2, pp. 819-837. , Hong Kong, ACI-SP 128-50; (1985) Structural Use of Concrete, , British Standard Institution Part 1 and Part 2: London: BSI, BS 8110; (1999) Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, pp. 318-99. , American Concrete Institute MI 4833-9094, ACI; Broms, B.B., Lutz, L.A., Effects of arrangement of reinforcement on crack width and spacing of reinforced concrete members (1965) ACI Proceedings, ACI Journal, 62 (11), pp. 395-1409
M Safiuddin, M Z Jumaat, M A Salam, M S Islam, R Hashim (2010)  Utilization of solid wastes in construction materials   International Journal of Physical Sciences 5: 13. 1952-1963  
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use of various solid wastes for producing construction materials. The paper is based on the comprehensive review of available literature on the construction materials including different kinds of solid wastes. The traditional methods for producing construction materials are using the valuable natural resources. Besides, the industrial and urban management systems are generating solid wastes, and most often dumping them in open fields. These activities pose serious detrimental effects on the environment. To safeguard the environment, many efforts are being made for the recycling of different types of solid wastes with a view to utilizing them in the production of various construction materials. This paper discusses the environmental implications caused by the generation of various solid wastes, and highlights their recycling potentials and possible use for producing construction materials. In addition, this paper shows the applications of solid waste based construction materials in real construction, and identifies the research needs.
Notes: 700EI Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:112
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat, N H R Sulong (2010)  Investigation on end anchoring of CFRP strengthened steel I-beams   International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5: 9. 1360-1371  
Abstract: Problems that frequently occur in carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) flexural strengthened steel structures include the peeling and debonding at the tip of the CFRP plate. This paper presents a study on the effectiveness of using steel plates and bolts as end-anchors to address these problems. Four steel I-beams were tested to failure. The first specimen was not strengthened and was used as the control beam. The second beam was strengthened with a CFRP plate without any end-anchoring. The third and fourth specimens were strengthened and end-anchored using steel plates and bolts. The number of bolts was the same, however, the length of the steel anchor plates was varied. The beams were tested under four point loads and loaded incrementally while the deflection and strain readings on the critical parts of the beams were recorded. For the numerical study, full three dimensional (3D) simulation and nonlinear static analysis was carried out using ANSYS software. The results indicate that the anchored beams had higher load capacities of up to 24% compared to the non-strengthened beam. End-anchoring with closer bolt spacing was more effective. Both experimental and numerical results are in good agreement highlighting the accuracy of the developed numerical model.
Notes: 683NO Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:20
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat (2010)  Numerical study on strengthening composite bridges   Challenges, Opportunities and Solutions in Structural Engineering and Construction 241-246  
Abstract: This research examines the effects of using CFRP strips and steel plates for flexural strengthening of composite bridge. Computer simulation is used and adopted from a computer program called ANSYS. The specimens are modeled in full 3D case, thus the concrete deck, concrete reinforcements, steel profile, steel plates, shear connectors, adhesive and CFRP strips are modeled in 3D solid elements (Tetra 10 node 187). Non-linear static analysis method is used in this research. The steel profile, concrete section and girder length measurements are the same for all models. Polymer strips and steel plate’s thicknesses are different for each model, though. The results are compared in stress levels on CFRP strips or steel sheets, strain on adhesive and concrete, and deflection of the bridge girder. The results indicate that stress, strain, deflection, and load bearing in different samples are affected by type of material and thicknesses.
Notes: Buv04 Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:12
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat, N H R Sulong (2010)  Shear strengthening of steel I-beams by using CFRP strips   Scientific Research and Essays 5: 16. 2155-2168  
Abstract: Normally, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips have been used for flexural strengthening of steel beams, but in this research, application of CFRP strips as shear reinforcements was innovated. In this novel method, investigation on the requirement of applying CFRP on one or both sides of the web, and using different values of CFRP area on the web were the two main objectives. In this research, five specimens were selected. The first specimen (B1) was not strengthened. The second and third beams (B2 and B3) were upgraded on both sides of web with the CFRP ratios of 0.72 and 0.48, respectively. The fourth and fifth specimens (B4 and B5) were strengthened on one side of web with the CFRP ratios of 0.72 and 0.48, respectively. Both numerical simulation and experimental test were used in this research. The results show that by using CFRP strips on web, could appropriately increased the load bearing capacity up to 51%. Also, the CFRP ratios of 0.72 and 0.48 for both sides of web have produced the same load capacity. Using less CFRP in the shear zone with the same load capacity of the steel I-beams was one of the significant achievements of this research.
Notes: 653AI Times Cited:2 Cited References Count:23
2009
A Alam, M Z Jumaat (2009)  Effects of intermediate anchors on end anchored carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams   Journal of Applied Sciences 9: 1. 142-148  
Abstract: This research presents the results of an experimental study to look into the effects of intermediate anchors on end anchored CFRP laminate strengthened beams. Three beams of 125×250×2300 mm in dimensions were cast. Out of these, one beam was left un-strengthened and acts as the control beam and another two beams were strengthened with CFRP laminates. Both strengthened beams were end anchored to prevent premature end peeling. From the strengthened beams, one beam was intermediate anchored in the shear span to prevent premature shear failure. The anchorage lengths provided by the end and intermediate anchors were of 200 and 40 mm, respectively. The results showed that the intermediate anchors in shear span zone prevented premature shear failure. Result also showed that the strengthened beams with intermediate anchors had significant effects on failure loads, failure modes, strain characteristics, deflections and cracking patterns over the end anchored strengthened beam.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 2 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alam, A.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kaula Lumpur, Malaysia References: Bencardino, F., Spadea, G., Swamy, R.N., The problem of shear in RC beams strengthened with CFRP laminates (2007) Construct. Build. Mater, 21, pp. 1997-2006; El-Mihilmy, M.T., Tedesco, J.W., Prediction of anchorage failure for reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer plates (2001) ACI Struct. J, 98, pp. 301-314; Gerco, F., Lonetri, P., Blasi, P.N., An analytical investigation of debonding problems in beams strengthened using composite plates (2007) Eng. Fract. Mech, 74, pp. 346-372; Kim, J.J., Lim, Y.M., Won, J., Park, H., Lee, K.M., Shear capacity and failure behavior of DFRCC repaired RC beams at tensile region (2007) Eng. Struct, 29, pp. 121-131; Smith, S.T., Teng, J.G., FRP-strengthened RC beams. I: Review of debonding strength models (2002) Eng. Struct, 24, pp. 385-395; Xiong, G.J., Jiang, X., Liu, J.W., Chen, L., A way for preventing tension delamination of concrete cover in midspan of FRP strengthened beams (2007) Construct. Build. Mater, 21, pp. 402-408; Yao, J., Teng, J.G., Plate end debonding in FRP-plated RC beams-I (2007) Experiments. Eng. Struct, 29, pp. 2457-2471
M A Alam, M Z Jumaat (2009)  Eliminating Premature End Peeling of Flexurally Strengthened Reinforced Concrete Beams   Journal of Applied Sciences 9: 6. 1106-1113  
Abstract: This study presents the results of an experimental study investigating the effect of U-shaped end anchors on flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams for the prevention of premature end peeling. A simple design guideline for the anchorage length of end anchor is proposed. A total of five beams, each 2300 mm long, 125 mm wide and 250 mm deep with a tension steel reinforcement ratio of 0.73%, was cast and tested. One beam was left un-strengthened and used as a control, two beams were strengthened with steel plates and the remaining two beams were strengthened with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates. One each of the steel plate and CFRP laminate strengthened beams were further strengthened with mild steel U-shape end-anchors at both ends of the beams. The beams were then tested under two-point loading. The experimental results revealed that the U-shaped end anchors of designed anchorage length eliminated premature end peeling and it had significant effects on the failure mode, ultimate load, deflections and strain characteristics of the strengthened beams. It is seen from the results that the end-anchored strengthened beams showed higher ultimate load and more ductile behaviour compared to the un-anchored strengthened beams. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 3 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alam, M. A.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Chahrour, A., Soudki, K., Flexural response of reinforced concrete beans strengthened with end-anchored partially bonded carbon fiher-reinforced polymer strips (2005) J. Comp. Construct. ASCE., 9, pp. 170-178; Garden, H.N., Flollaway, L.C., An experimental study of the influence of plate end anchorage of carbon fibre composite plates used to strengthen reinforced concrete beams (1998) Comp. Strict., 42, pp. 175-188; Hussain, M., Sharif, A., Basunhul, A., Baluch, M.H., Al-Aulaimani, G.J., Flexural behavior of precracked reinforced concrete beams strengthened externally by steel plates (1995) ACI Strict. J., 92, pp. I4-22; Jansze, W., Uijl, J.A.D., Walraven, J.C., Flexural strengthening with externally bonded steel plates: Design for beam shear and plate anchorage (1998) Challenges for Concrete in the Next Millennium, , Stoelhorst. D. and G.L. Boer Den (Eds); Jones, R., Swam, R.N., Charif, A., Plate separation and anchorage of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates (1988) Struct. Eng., 66, pp. 85-94; Oehlers, D.J., Moran, J.P., Premature failure of external plated reinforced concrete beams (1990) J. Struct. Eng. (ASCE), 116, pp. 978-995; Oh, B.H., Cho, J.Y., Park, D.G., Failure behaviour and separation criterion for strengthened concrete members with steel plates (2003) J. Struct. Eng. ASCE, 129, pp. 1191-1198; Saadatmanesh, H., Malek, A.M., Design guidelines for flexural strengthening of RC beams with FRP plates (1998) J. Comp. Construct. ASCE, 2, pp. 158-164
H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat, U J Alengaram (2009)  Influence of Sand/Cement Ratio on Mechanical Properties of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete   Journal of Applied Sciences 9: 9. 1764-1769  
Abstract: An experimental investigation was carried out to improve the mechanical properties of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete (PKSC) by varying sand content and incorporating mineral admixtures, to achieve strength of 35 MPa. The mineral admixtures included 10% silica fume as additional cementitious material and 5% class F fly ash as cement replacement material. Sand to cement ratio (s/c) was varied between 1.0 and 1.6 and superplasticizer was added to all mixes to provide adequate workability. Twenty-eight days saturated density and compressive strength of the concrete were in the range of 1850-1960 kg m-3 and 28-38 MPa. respectively. Increase in sand content has positive influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. When the sand to cement ratio was increased from 1.0 to 1.6. increase in 28 day compressive strength by about 24% was noted for a small density increase of about 4%. The other mechanical properties such as flcxural and splitting tensile strengths were found in the range of 2.76-4.76 and 1.9-2.61 MPa. respectively over a period of 90 day. The static modulus of elasticity was in the range of 8-11 GPa. These results confirm that the combined use of maximum sand to cement ratio of 1.6 and mineral admixtures have significant influence on the mechanical properties as compared to the previous research findings. The addition of silica fume resulted in cohesive mix and use of a superplasticizer can provide slump in the range of 65-105 mm. However, an increase of s/c ratio beyond 1.6 is likely to increase the concrete density above 2000 kg m-3. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 5 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Mahmud, H.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Abdullah, A.A.A., Basic strength properties of lightweight concrete using agricultural wastes as aggregates (1984), pp. 624-636. , Proceedings of International Conference on Low-cost Housing for Developing Countries, 1984, Roorkee, IndiaAta, O., Olanipekun, E.A., Oluola, K.O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Build. Environ., 41, pp. 297-301; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Cem. Concr. Res., 29, pp. 619-622; Clarke, J.L., (1993) Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , 1st Edn., Chapman Hall, Glasgow, ISBN: 0 7514 0006 8; (1983) Manual of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , FIP, 2nd Edn., Surrey University Press, London, ISBN: 0-903384-43-4; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Concrete from an agricultural waste-oil palm shell (OPS) (2004) Build. Environ., 39, pp. 441-448; Neville, A.M., (1996) Properties of Concrete, , 4th Edn., Longman Group Limited, London, ISBN: 0-582-23070-5; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as aggregate for concrete (1988) Cem. Concr. Res., 18, pp. 901-910; Robert, L., Lindon, S., Peter, W., Ray, R., Cementitious Additions (2003) Advanced Concrete Technology, pp. 43-45. , In, John, N. and S.C. Ban (Eds.). Elsevier Publications, Amsterdam. ISBN: 0 7506 5103 2
M Z Jumaat, M A Alam (2009)  Strengthening of R.C. beams using externally bonded plates and anchorages   Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 3: 3. 2207-2211  
Abstract: This paper presents a study on strengthened reinforced concrete beams using externally bonded plates and anchorages. Strengthening materials and methods, failure modes of strengthened beams, effect of end anchorages and effect of intermediate anchorages are reviewed. An experimental programme to evaluate the structural behaviour of anchored steel plate and CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams is also reported. A total of five beams, each 2300 mm long, 125 mm wide, and 250 mm deep, were fabricated and tested. One beam was left un-strengthened to act as the control beam, two beams were strengthened with steel plate and another two beams were strengthened with CFRP laminate. From each of the steel plate and CFRP laminate strengthened beams, one beam was left unanchored and another beam was anchored at the end and shear spans (intermediate anchored) by L shape plates to avoid premature failure. The experimental results overall showed that the strengthened beams had higher failure loads and good failure modes over the control beam. Results also illustrated that the end with intermediate anchored strengthened beams gave higher failure loads and better failure modes compared to unanchored strengthened beams. © 2008, INSInet Publication.
Notes: Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alam, M. A.; Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ashraf_arif2003@yahoo.com References: Smith, S.T., Teng, J.G., FRP-strengthened RC beams. I: Review of debonding strength models (2002) Engineering Structures, 24, pp. 385-395; Jones, R., Swamy, R.N., Charif, A., Plate separation and anchorage of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates (1988) The Structural Engineering, 66 (5), pp. 85-94; Ritchie, P.A., Thomas, D.A., Lu, L., Connelly, G.M., External reinforcement of concrete beams using fiber reinforced plastics (1991) ACI Structural Journal, pp. 490-500; Sharif, A., Al-Sulaimani, G.J., Basunbul, I.A., Baluch, M.H., Ghaleb, B.N., Strengthening of initially loaded reinforced concrete beams using FRP plates (1994) ACI Structural Journal, 91 (2), pp. 160-168; Hussain, M., Sharif, A., Basunbul, A., Baluch, M.H., Al-Aulaimani, G.J., Flexural Behavior of Precracked Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened Externally by Steel Plates (1995) ACI Structural Journal, 92 (1), pp. 14-22; Garden, H.N., Quantrill, R.J., Hollaway, L.C., Thorne, A.M., Parke, G.A.R., An experimental study of the anchorage length of carbon fibre composite plates used to strengthen reinforced concrete beams (1998) Construction and Building Materials, 12, pp. 203-219; Swamy, R.N.P., Debonding of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer plate from concrete beams (1999) Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs Structs and Bldgs, 134, pp. 301-317. , Mukhopadhaya; Adhikary, B.B., Mutsuyoshi, H., Numerical simulation of steel-plate strengthened concrete beam by a non-linear finite element method model (2002) Construction and Building Materials, 16, pp. 291-301; Xiong, G.J., Jiang, X., Liu, J.W., Chen, L., A way for preventing tension delamination of concrete cover in midspan of FRP strengthened beams (2007) Construction and Building Materials, 21, pp. 402-408; Diagana, C., Li, A., Gedalia, B., Delmas, Y., Shear strengthening effectiveness with CFF strips (2003) Engineering Structures, 25, pp. 507-516
M Z Jumaat, U J Alengaram, H Mahmud (2009)  Shear strength of oil palm shell foamed concrete beams   Materials & Design 30: 6. 2227-2236  
Abstract: Four reinforced oil palm shell foamed concrete (OPSFC) beams were fabricated, and their shear behaviour was tested. The OPSFC has a target density of approximately 1600 kg/m(3) and a 28-day compressive strength of about 20 MPa. Two beams were cast with shear reinforcements while the other two were cast without such reinforcements. For comparison, four reinforced normal weight concrete (NWC) beams were also cast. The beams that contained shear links failed in flexure mode, while those without links failed in shear mode. The experimental results indicated that the shear capacities of OPSFC beams without shear links are higher than those of the NWC beams and exhibit more flexural and shear cracks.
Notes: 440AD Times Cited:10 Cited References Count:16
2008
A Alam, M Z Jumaat (2008)  Experimental and Analytical Investigations on the Structural Behavoiur of Steel Plate and CFRP Laminate Flexurally Strengthened R.C. Beams   Journal of Applied Sciences 8: 23. 4383-4389  
Abstract: This study presents an experimental and analytical investigation to compare the structural behaviour of externally bonded steel plates and Carbon Fiber Reinforceed Polymer (CFRP) laminates flexurally strengthened r.c. beams. For the experimental investigation, three r.c. beams were cast. One beam was tested in the un-strengthened condition to act as the control beam. The second beam was strengthened using steel plate while the third beam was strengthened using CFRP laminate. The strengthened beams were designed to have the same strength with the assumption that they would fail in a ductile manner. The test results indicated that although both beams were designed for the same strength, the CFRP laminate strengthened beam recorded a slightly higher failure load compared to the steel plate strengthened beam. The steel plate strengthened beam recorded a higher cracking load and less deflections, reinforcement bar strains, concrete strains and crack widths compared to the CFRP laminate strengthened beam. Results also showed that the CFRP laminate strengthened beam failed by premature concrete cover separation failure, whereas the steel plate strengthened beam failed by premature plate end interfacial debonding followed by concrete cover separation. The beams were also modelled using a Finite Element Method (FEM) package. The numerical results seemed to agree well with the experimental results.
Notes:
U J Alengaram, M Z Jumaat, H Mahmud (2008)  Influence of Cementitious Materials and Aggregates Content on Compressive Strength of Palm Kernel Shell Concrete   Journal of Applied Sciences 8: 18. 3207-3213  
Abstract: This study reports the effect of cementitious materials, fine and coarse aggregates content on workability and compressive strength of palm kernel shell concrete. Palm kernel shells a by product of the production of palm oil, were used as lightweight aggregates. The following cementitious materials were added: 10% silica fume as additional cementitious material and 5% fly ash as cement replacement on weight of cement. The influence of varying fine aggregate and palm kernel shell contents on workability and compressive strength has been studied. The specimens have been cured under three different curing environments to study the effect on compressive strength. The effect of cementitious materials and curing conditions on compressive strength for a period of 90 days was analyzed. The fresh density of concrete was found to be in the range of 1810 to 1940 kg m-3. The strength of Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) was found to be the primary factor controlling the strength. However, the addition of silica fume was found to have influence on compressive strength. An increase in fine aggregate content and subsequent decrease in PKS content had positive effect on both workability and compressive strength. The 28 day compressive strengths of the mixes containing cementitious materials were found in the range of 26 to 36 MPa. The difference in strength between water cured and specimens cured under controlled environment was found to vary between 3 and 5%. © 2008 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 7 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alengaram, U. J.; Department of Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SEGi University College, Kota Damansara, 47810, Malaysia References: Ata, O., Olanipekun, E.A., Oluola, K.O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Build. Environ., 41, pp. 297-301; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using oil palm shells as aggregate (1999) Ceme. Concr. Res., 29, pp. 619-622; Clarke, J.L., (1993) Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , Ist Edn., Chapman Hall, Glasgow, ISBN: 0 7514 0006 8; Mannan, M.A., Ganapathy, C., Concrete from an agricultural waste-oil palm shell (OPS) (2004) Build. Environ., 39, pp. 441-448; Neville, A.M., (1995) Properties of Concrete, , 4th Edn., Longman Group Limited, London, ISBN: 0-582- 23070-5; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as aggregate for concrete (1988) Cem. Concr. Res., 18, pp. 901-910
M Z Jumaat, M A Alam (2008)  Strengthening of RC Beams Using Externally Bonded Plates and Anchorages   Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 3: 3. 2207-2211  
Abstract: This paper presents a study on strengthened reinforced concrete beams using externally bonded plates and anchorages. Strengthening materials and methods, failure modes of strengthened beams, effect of end anchorages and effect of intermediate anchorages are reviewed. An experimental programme to evaluate the structural behaviour of anchored steel plate and CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete beams is also reported. A total of five beams, each 2300 mm long, 125 mm wide, and 250 mm deep, were fabricated and tested. One beam was left un-strengthened to act as the control beam, two beams were strengthened with steel plate and another two beams were strengthened with CFRP laminate. From each of the steel plate and CFRP laminate strengthened beams, one beam was left unanchored and another beam was anchored at the end and shear spans (intermediate anchored) by L shape plates to avoid premature failure. The experimental results overall showed that the strengthened beams had higher failure loads and good failure modes over the control beam. Results also illustrated that the end with intermediate anchored strengthened beams.
Notes:
U J Alengaram, M Z Jumaat, H Mahmud (2008)  Ductility behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams   European Journal of Scientific Research 23: 3. 406-420  
Abstract: This paper presents the results on the structural behavior of palm kernel shell concrete and its comparison with normal weight concrete (NWC). The structural grade palm kernel shell concrete, a lightweight concrete (LWC) produced using palm kernel shell (PKS) an agricultural waste and by-product of the production of palm oil as lightweight aggregate, referred to hereafter as PKSC. The concrete is of grade 30 and the reinforced concrete beams of size 150 mm x 250 mm x 2100 mm were prepared to study the structural behavior. Similar grade concrete using NWC were also prepared and reinforced. The flexural behavior of under-reinforced concrete beams of grade 30 concrete has been studied and the results are compared with NWC beams which were also designed as grade 30 and under-reinforced similar to that of the PKSC beams. Ten percent of silica fume and five percent of class-F fly ash on cement weight were used as additional and cement replacement cementitious materials respectively. Each beam was tested under two-point loading for flexure until failure. It has been observed from the experimental investigation of the beams, that the moment capacity of PKSC beams was higher than NWC beams by about three percent. In addition, the mode of failure observed in PKSC was ductile compared to the brittle failure of NWC beams. Thus, the PKSC beams showed a ductile failure, giving amble warning before failure happened. PKSC beams also exhibited a lot of cracking thus the crack width and crack spacing was small. The other advantage for PKSC beams was deflection. The PKSC beams exhibited higher deflection under constant load until failure, compared to NWC beams that failed in brittle manner without warning. Higher concrete strains for the reinforcement in the PKSC shows stronger bond between PKSC and the reinforcement.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 16 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alengaram, U. J.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ujohnrose@yahoo.com References: Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate (2003) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM, ASTM C 127; Standard Test Method for Density, Yield and Air Content (2003) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM, ASTM C 138; Ata, O., Olanipekun, E.A., Oluola, K.O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Building and Environment, 41, pp. 297-301; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregates (1999) Cement and Concrete Research, 29, pp. 619-622; (1997) Structural use of Concrete. Code of Practice for Design and Construction, , BS 8110-1, British Standards Institution, London; (1983) FIP Manual of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , 2nd ed., London: Surrey University Press; Neville, A.M., (1996) Properties of Concrete, , Longman Group Limited, London; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate for concrete (1988) Cement and Concrete Research, 18, pp. 901-910; Okpala, D.C., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate in concrete (1990) Building and Environment, 25, pp. 291-296; Ramli, A., Short-term and long-term projection of Malaysian palm oil production (2003) Oil Palm Industry Economic Journal, 3, pp. 32-36; Robert, L., Lindon, S., Peter, W., Ray, R., Cementitious additions (2003) Advanced Concrete Technology, pp. 43-45. , In: John N, Ban SC, editors, Amsterdam: Elsevier publications; Satish, C., Berntsson, L., (2003) Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Science, Technology, and Applications, , 1st edn., New York: Noyes Publications; Short, A., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, , 3rd edn. London, Applied Science; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, J.V., Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Made with Oil Palm Shell (OPS) (2006) Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 4, pp. 459-468
M Z Jumaat, A Alam Md (2008)  Behaviour of U and L shaped end anchored steel plate strengthened reinforced concrete beams   European Journal of Scientific Research 22: 2. 184-196  
Abstract: Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (r.c.) beam is now becoming more and more important in the field of structural maintenance and retrofitting. Plate bonding methods using steel plates are very widely used in this field. However, premature debonding at plate ends i.e. end peelings have been a major concern in using these methods. Researchers in general concluded that shear and normal stress concentrations at the plate cut-off point are the main reasons causing end peeling. For minimizing these stresses to prevent end peeling, end anchoring using U and L shape metal plates is proposed in this paper. This paper presents the results of experimental studies carried out to investigate the effect of U and L shaped end anchors on steel plate strengthened reinforced concrete beams. A total of four beam were cast. One beam was left un-strengthened as the control; the remainder three beams were strengthened with steel plates. From the strengthened beams, one was simply strengthened without end anchors and two were end anchored using U and L shaped anchor plates respectively. The results indicate that, all strengthened beams exhibited higher failure and cracking loads with less strain, deflection and crack width and better crack patterns than the control beam. It is also indicate that the strengthened beams with end anchors recorded the highest failure loads and their modes of failure were seen to be more ductile compared to the un-anchored strengthened beam. Results also shows that premature end peeling was completely prevented by U and L shaped anchor plates. In comparison, the L shaped end-anchor gave better performance compared to the U shape end anchor.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 5 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: zamin@um.edu.my References: Adhikary, B.B., Mutsuyoshi, H., Numerical simulation of steel-plate strengthened concrete beam by a non-linear finite element method model (2002) Construction and Building Materials, 16, pp. 291-301; El-Mihilmy, M.T., Tedesco, J.W., Prediction of anchorage failure for reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer plates (2001) ACI Structural Journal, 98 (3), pp. 301-314; Garden, H.N., Hollaway, L.C., An experimental study of the influence of plate end anchorage of carbon fibre composite plates used to strengthen reinforced concrete beams (1998) Composite Structures, 42, pp. 175-188; Hussain, M., Sharif, A., Basunbul, A., Baluch, M.H., Al-Aulaimani, G.J., Flexural behaviour of precracked reinforced concrete beams strengthened externally by steel plates (1995) ACI Structural Journal, 92 (1), pp. 14-22; Jones, R., Swamy, R.N., Charif, A., Plate separation and anchorage of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates (1988) The Structural Engineering, 66 (5), pp. 85-94; Oehlers, D.J., Mohamed Ali, M.S., Debonding of steel plates glued to reinforced concrete flexural members (1997) Due to published in the Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials; Oh, B.H., Cho, J.Y., Park, D.G., Failure behaviour and separation criterion for strengthened concrete members with steel plates (2003) Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, 129 (9), pp. 1191-1198; Saadatmanesh, H., Malek, A.M., Design guidelines for flexural strengthening of RC beams with FRP plates (1998) Journal of Composites for Construction ASCE, 2 (4), pp. 158-164; Swamy, R.N., Jones, R., Bloxham, J.W., Structural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates (1987) The Structural Engineer, 65 A (2), pp. 59-68
2006
M Z Jumaat, M A Alam (2006)  Problems associated with plate bonding methods of strengthening reinforced concrete beams   Journal of Applied Sciences Research 2: 10. 703-708  
Abstract: This paper reviews works on problems associated with plate bonding or plating methods of strengthening reinforced concrete beams. Every structural element should be designed for a particular type of loading. However many civil structural elements, like reinforced concrete beams are often required to be upgradedor strengthened due to increased load requirements. Strengthening is becoming both environmentally and economically more preferable than replacement. Different types of materials and methods such as sprayed concrete, ferrocement, steel plate and fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) are available for strengthening existing reinforced concrete beams. However, plating methods of steel plate and FRP laminate are the most popular methods amongst the other methods. In this paper, strengthening of plating methods by using steel plate and fibre reinforced polymer (FRP), and the methods of applying these materials are reported. The advantages and disadvantages of these materials are also reported. Furthermore the problems associated with this plating methods by using two these two materials (steel and FRP) are briefly discussed in this paper.
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M Z Jumaat, M H Kabir, M Obaydullah (2006)  A review of the repair of reinforced concrete beams   Journal of Applied Science Research 2: 6. 317-326  
Abstract: This paper reviews works on repairing of deteriorated reinforced concrete beams. Every structural element should be designed for a particular type of loading as well as for adopting of different types of environment. However many civil structural elements, like reinforced concrete beams are often required to be repaired to restore the structural integrity and to protect the reinforcement from sever weathering condition. Recently repairing is gradually increasing with the increase of age of concrete structures. In some instances it may be more economical to accept the need for maintenance or repair at suitable intervals than to attempt to build a structure that will be maintenance-free under severe conditions for a long period. Several types of materials and techniques are available for repairing of exiting deteriorated reinforced concrete beams. In this paper, causes of deterioration of concrete as well as repairing by using cement grout, mortar, concrete, sprayed concrete or shotcrete, epoxy, ferrocement with mortar, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Sprayed Fiber Reinforced Polymer (SFRP) and the techniques of applying of these materials and also some resin based materials for bonding agent between interface of old concrete and newconcrete are reported.The advantages anddisadvantages ofthesematerials,causes ofdebondingbetweenconcretesubstrateandnewconcreteapplied on substrate and preventive measures are also discussed.
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M Z Jumaat, A H A Rahim, J Othman, M S Midon (2006)  Strength evaluation of oil palm stem trussed rafters   Construction and Building Materials 20: 9. 812-818  
Abstract: Research on the suitability of using oil palm stems as trussed rafters is reported in this paper. Previous studies indicated that certain portion of the stems had good potential to be used as structural components. Fink type trusses made from parts of oil palm stems were designed, fabricated and tested. Full-size load test was carried out since it was considered to be one of the most reliable methods of establishing the structural adequacy of roof trusses as well as their behaviors and modes of failure. The results obtained were compared to the results of hardwood timber trusses of similar configurations. The results indicate that oil palm stem has the potential to be exploited for use as roof trusses with some design modifications and proper grading of the oil palm stems.
Notes:
2004
M Z Jumaat, Murty Bona (2004)  Yield load prediction of nailed timber joints using nail diameter and timber specific gravity   Wood Science and Technology 38: 8. 599-615  
Abstract: Prediction of yield load has nowadays been accepted as the basis for the limit state method of the design. Currently, there are many methods to predict the yield load of timber joints. These methods, i.e Foschi, Johansen, Smith and US 5% nail diameter offset, are reviewed in-depth in this paper. In this study, the authors presented a new approach which, hopefully, is simpler than the existing methods. The paper outlines the works carried out to arrive at the formula. About 300 Malaysian timber nailed joints were fabricated and tested to obtain the relationship between yield load and maximum load and to propose a new method to predict the yield load of a nailed joint. There seems to be a direct relationship between the yield load and the maximum load. From this relationship, a new formula, which depends only on nail diameter and specific gravity, was established.
Notes: Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: WOSTB Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.; Civil Engineering Department, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: zamin@um.edu.my References: Brock, G.R., The strength of nailed timber joints (1957) Forest Product Research, , Bulletin No. 41, HMSO, London; Foschi, R.O., Load-slip characteristic of nails (1974) Wood Sci, 7 (1), pp. 69-76; Heine, C.P., (2001) Simulated Response of Degrading Hysteretic Joints with Slack Behavior, Chap. 2. Unidirectionally, Laterally Loaded Dowel-type Fasteners Single-bolt Joints, , http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08092001-100756/ unrestricted/Ch2.pdf, PhD thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg; Jumaat, M.Z., Murty, B., The relationship between yield load point using Foschi plastic theory and maximum load on Malaysian timber nail joints (2002) Proceedings of 7th World Conference on Timber Engineering, WCTE 2002, pp. 169-181. , 12-15 August 2002, Shah Alam; Murty, B., (2003) The Use of Plastic Theory on Selected Malaysian Timber Nailed Joints, , MS Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya; Sa’at, E.S., Strength of mechanical timber joints (2001) Graduation Exercise, , Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya; Smith, I., Quenneville, P., Predicting capacities of joints with laterally loaded nails (1999) International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction; Working Commission W18 - Timber Structures (CIB-W18), 32nd Meeting, , Graz, Austria; Smith, I., Whale, L.R.J., Characteristic properties of nailed and bolted joints under short-term lateral load, part 1. Research philosophy and test program (1987) J I Wood Sci, 11 (2), pp. 53-59
2000
M A Al-Kubaisy, M Zamin Jumaat (2000)  Flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs with ferrocement tension zone cover   Construction and Building Materials 14: 5. 245-252  
Abstract: This paper presents a study of the flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs with ferrocement tension zone cover. The results of tests on 12 simply supported slabs are presented. The effect of the following parameters: percentage of wire mesh reinforcement in the ferrocement cover layer, thickness of the ferrocement layer and the type of connection between the ferrocement layer and the reinforced concrete slab on the ultimate flexural load, first crack load, crack width and spacing, and the load-deflection relationship were examined. The results indicate that the use of ferrocement cover slightly increases the ultimate flexural load and increases in the first crack load. The first crack load increased with the increase in the percentage of mesh reinforcement and the ferrocement layer thickness. Considerable reduction in cracks width and spacing (64-84%) was observed for specimens with a ferrocement layer. The presence of a cold joint between the reinforced concrete slab and the ferrocement layer lowered the ultimate flexural load by 34%, however, cracks width and spacing were reduced. Specimens cast without structural connection, provided that concrete was cast within 1-1.5 h of casting the ferrocement cover, behaved in a very similar manner to those with structural connection. The deflections at service load and near ultimate load were smaller for specimens with ferrocement layer. The ferrocement layer thickness and the connection type influenced the reduction in deflection.
Notes: 348JP Times Cited:10 Cited References Count:15
M A Al-Kubaisy, M Z Jumaat (2000)  Ferrocement laminate strengthens RC beams   Concrete International 22: 10. 37-43  
Abstract: Repairing and strengthening reinforced concrete elements can be accomplished in several ways: epoxy injections, patch repair, steel place bonding, post-tensioning, encasement of additional reinforcement and the fiber-reinforced plastic technique. Each of these methods comes with it’s own associated problems and engineers and researchers have looked for alternative methods. The authors of this article present the results of their tests of ferrocement as the repair and strengthening material. The articles provides the details of their experimental program, the materials tested and the results they found. Overall, the use of ferrocement can increase the ultimate strength of reinforced concrete significantly.
Notes:
1991
M Z Jumaat (1991)  Analysis of built-up timber columns using matrix progression method   Journal of Structural Engineering 117: 7. 1911-1928  
Abstract: Most available methods of predicting the buckling loads of layered and spaced timber columns are analytical methods. These are only suitable for columns with constant number and spacing of connectors in each joint of the columns. For added strength and for practical reasons, columns with additional connectors at the ends are more desirable. This usually requires the use of a numerical method for the prediction of their buckling loads. This paper presents a simple numerical method that can be used on microcomputers to predict the buckling loads of these columns. The method is based on the matrix progression technique. The slip modulus of the connectors adopted in the program is that of the Kuenzi beam on elastic foundation method. To verify the method, 89 layered and spaced timber columns were built and tested. The method was also compared with the Pleskov method.
Notes: Fu039 Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:9

Conference papers

2012
M Mohammadhassani, M Z Jumaat, M Jameel, S J S Hakim, N Abdollahi (2012)  Experimental study on the strain contribution of horizontal and vertical web reinforced bar of HSSCC deep beams   In: 5th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing, NDT 471-475  
Abstract: Deep beams are structural elements loaded as beams in which a significant amount of the load is transferred to the supports by a compression strut trajectory joining the loads and the reactions. A comparative study is performed to predict the strain contribution of horizontal and vertical web bar located at compression strut trajectory from support points to load points. For investigation in this purpose, three high strength self compacted concrete (HSSCC) rectangular-section deep beams with the length to depth ratio less than three were designed based on American Concrete Institute (ACI) code with variation of tensile bar percentage and casted and loaded in laboratory. The longitudinal, web steel strains and concrete strains were measured for every incremental load. Before of first crack occurrences, the vertical bar strain is more than horizontal bar strain. When first crack happened, strain in vertical and horizontal web bar was same and by load increasing the strain in horizontal increased more than vertical. The strain became more than two times in horizontal bras comparison to strain in vertical bar when tensile bar yielded. At ultimate load the strain contribution of horizontal bar was more than four times in comparison by vertical bars.
Notes: Conference code: 88391 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Mohammadhassani, M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Aguilar, G., Matamoros, A.B., Parra-Montesinos, G.J., Ramirez, J.A., Wight, J.K., Experimental evaluation of design procedures for shear strength of deep reinforced concrete beams (2002) Structural Journal, 99 (4), pp. 539-548; Ahmad Shuaib, H., Khaloo, A.R., Poveda, A., Shear capacity of reinforced high strength concrete beams (1986) Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 83 (2), pp. 297-305; Ahmad Shuaib, H., Lue, D.M., Flexure-shear interaction of reinforced high-strength concrete beams (1987) ACI Structural Journal, 84 (4), pp. 330-341; Ashour, A.F., Yang, K.H., Application of plasticity theory to reinforced concrete deep beams: A review (2008) Magazine of Concrete Research, 60 (9), pp. 657-664. , doi:10.1680/macr.2008.00038; (1997) Structural Use of Concrete, , British Standards Institution (BSI), Milton Keynes: BSI; BS8110: Part 1; Chemrouk, M., Kong, F.K., Diagonal cracking and ultimate shear strength of slender high strength concrete deep beams (2004) Advances in Structural Engineering, 7 (3), pp. 217-228; Chemrouk, M., Kong, F.K., High strength concrete continuous deep beams-with web reinforcement and shear-span variations (2004) Advances in Structural Engineering, 7 (3), pp. 229-243; Elzanaty, A.H., Nilson, A.H., Slate, F.O., Shear capacity of reinforced high strength concrete (1986) ACI Journal, 83 (2), pp. 290-296; Kong, F.K., Robins, P.J., Cole, D.F., Web reinforcement effects on deep beams (1970) Am. Concr. Last. J., 67, p. 1010; Mohammadhassani, M., (2011) Experimental and Analytical Study on HSC Deep Beam with Particular Reference to the Stress/strain Distribution and to the Evolution of the Neutral Axis, , PhD Thesis., University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Mohammadhassani, M., Jumaat, M.Z., Ashour, A., Jameel, M., (2011) Failure Modes and Serviceability of High Strength Self Compacting Concrete Deep Beams, , 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2011.08.003; Mphond, A.G., Frantz, G.C., Shear tests on high and low strength concrete beams without stirrup (1984) ACI Journal, 81 (4), pp. 350-357; De Paiva, R.H.A., Siess, C.P., Strength and behaviour of deep beams in shear (1965) J. Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs., 91, p. 19; Smith, K.N., Vantsiotis, A.S., Shear strength of deep beams (1982) Am. Concr. Inst., 79, p. 201; Tan, K.-H., Kong, F.-K., Teng, S., Weng, L.-W., Effect of web reinforcement on high-strength concrete deep beams (1997) ACI Structural Journal, 94 (5), pp. 572-582; Yang, K.-H., Chung, H.-S., Ashour, A.F., Influence of section depth on the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete continuous deep beams (2007) Magazine of Concrete Research, 59 (8), pp. 575-586. , http://www.atypon-link.com/TELF/doi/pdf/10.1680/macr.2007.59.8.575, DOI 10.1680/macr.2007.59.8.575
Safiuddin Md, M A Salam, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Correlations between different hardened properties of high-strength self-consolidating concrete including palm oil fuel ash   In: 2011 International Conference on Applied Mechanics, Materials and Manufacturing, ICAMMM 2011 1215-1222  
Abstract: Palm oil fuel ash is considered as an agro-waste material in Malaysia. Various investigations have been conducted on the use of palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material for concrete. In the present study, palm oil fuel ash was used as a partial replacement of normal portland cement to produce high-strength self-consolidating concrete. In total, twenty (20) self-consolidating concrete mixes were prepared by varying water to binder ratio, palm oil fuel ash content, and high-range water reducer dosage. Palm oil fuel ash was used by replacing 0-30% of normal portland cement by weight at the water to binder ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.40. The compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and porosity of various self-consolidating concrete mixes were investigated. However, the correlations between the hardened properties of concrete were emphasized in this study. The experimental findings revealed that strong correlations exist between different hardened properties of high-strength self-consolidating concrete.
Notes: Conference code: 87300 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.117-119.1215 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, Md.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; email: msafiudd@engmail.uwaterloo.ca References: Khayat, K.H., (1999) ACI Materials Journal, 96, p. 346; Okamura, H., (1997) Concrete International, 19, p. 50; Okamura, H., Ouchi, M., (2003) Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 1, p. 5; Ozawa, K., Mackawa, K., Okamura, H., (1989) Proceedings of the 2nd East Asia Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, p. 445. , Chiang-Mai, Thailand; Okamura, H., Ozawa, K., (1995) Concrete Library of JSCE, 25, p. 107; Cyr, M., Mouret, M., (2003) Proceedings of the Seventh CANMET/ACI International Conference on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, p. 241. , ACI SP-217; Kim, H., Park, Y.-D., Noh, J., Song, Y., Han, C., Kang, S., (1997) Proceedings of the Third CANMET/ACI International Conference, p. 653. , edited by V. M. Malhotra, American Concrete Institute, Michigan, USA; Safiuddin, M., (2008) Development of Self-consolidating High Performance Concrete Incorporating Rice Husk Ash, , PhD thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Abdullah, K., Hussin, M.W., Zakaria, F., Muhamad, R., Hamid, Z.A., (2006) Proceedings of the 6th Asia-pacific Structural Conference on Engineering and Construction (APSEC 2006), pp. B132. , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Tangchirapat, W., Jaturapitakkul, C., Chindaprasirt, P., (2009) Construction and Building Materials, 23, p. 2641; Tonnayopas, D., Nilrat, F., Putto, K., Tantiwitayawanich, J., (2006) Proceedings of the 4th Thailand Materials Science and Engineering, p. 1. , Pathumthani, Thailand; Sumadi, S.R., Hussin, M.W., (1995) Journal of Ferrocement, 25, p. 25; Safiuddin, M., Salam, M.A., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 17, p. 234; (2009) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 33 04.02. American Socity for Testing Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2002) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, , ACI 211.4R-93 American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA; Safiuddin, M., Salam, M.A., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) Advanced Materials Research, 250-253, p. 409; (2006) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 1611/C 1611M 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 39/C 39M 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 496/C 496M 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 78/C 78M 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 469/C 469M 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 215 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 597 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2004) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM C 642 04.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2002) Specifications and Guidelines for Self-consolidating Concrete, , EFNARC (European Federation of Suppliers of Specialist Construction Chemicals (EFNARC), Surrey, UK; Khayat, K.H., (2000) ACI Materials Journal, 97, p. 526; Wiegrink, K., Marikunte, S., Shah, S.P., (1996) ACI Materials Journal, 93, p. 409; Erdogan, T.Y., (2003) Concrete, , Middle East Technical University Press, Ankara; (2005) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, , ACI 318-05 Part 3, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA; Demirboǧa, R., TÌrkmen, I., Karakoc, M.B., (2004) Cement and Concrete Research, 34, p. 2329; Al-Amoudi, O.S.B., Maslehuddin, M., Asi, I.M., (1996) Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, 18, p. 71; Lian, C., Zhuge, Y., Beecham, S., (2011) Construction and Buidling Materials, 25, p. 4294
M M Rahman, M Z Jumaat (2012)  Cost minimum proportioning of Non-Slump Concrete mix using genetic algorithms   In: 3rd international Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering, ICMSE 2012 50-54  
Abstract: This paper presents a generalized formulation for determining the optimal quantity of the materials used to produce Non-Slump Concrete with minimum possible cost. The proposed problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem. The proposed problem considers cost of the individual constituent material costs as well as the compressive strength and other requirement. The optimization formulation is employed to minimize the cost function of the system while constraining it to meet the compressive strength and workability requirement. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach to reduce the cost as well as to satisfy the above requirement. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications.
Notes: Conference code: 88899 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.468-471.50 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Rahman, M.M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: moshiur72@siswa.um.edu.my References: Sobhani, J., Najimi, M., Pourkhorshidi, A.R., Parhizkar, T., Prediction of the compressive strength of no-slump concrete: A comparative study of regression, neural network and ANFIS models (2010) Construction and Building Materials, 24, pp. 709-718; (2002) Guide for Selecting Proportions for No-slump Concrete, , ACI-211.3 Farmington Hills (MI): American Concrete Institute; 2002; Mannonen, R., Proportioning in the ready-mix industry and the benefits of a mix design program (1995) ERMCO-95, Proceedings of the XIth European Ready Mixed Concrete Congress, pp. 177-184. , Istanbul; Kasperkiewicz, J., Optimization of concrete mix using a spreadsheet package (1995) ACI Material Journal, 91, pp. 551-559; Yeh, I.C., Design of high-performance concrete mixture using neural networks and nonlinear programming (1999) Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 13, pp. 36-42; Ke, C.J., Hu, Q., Jiang, P., Zhang, L., Optimum autoclaved cement concrete mix design based on flexural strength (2011) Manufacturing Process Technology, Pts 1-5, 189-193, pp. 676-679. , Z. Y. Jiang, S. Q. Li, J. M. Zeng, X. P. Liao, and D. G. Yang, Eds., ed Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd; Fan, L., Zhang, L., Li, F.H., Comparative study on HPC mix design methods (2011) High Performance Structures and Materials Engineering, Pts 1 and 2, 217-218, pp. 175-180. , M. Zhou, Ed., ed Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd; Wang, Y.D., Fan, X.C., Experimental research on physical and mechanical properties of steel fiber high-strength concrete (2011) Advances in Building Materials, 168-170, pp. 1061-1064. , Pts 1-3 L. J. Li, Ed., ed Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd; Song, X.S., Xu, G.Q., Optimum study and engineering application of mixing ratio for C50 concrete (2011) Advances in Building Materials, Pts 1-3, 168-170, pp. 537-540. , L. J. Li, Ed., ed Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd; Perera, R., Varona, F.B., Flexural and shear design of FRP plated RC structures using a genetic algorithm (2009) Journal of Structural Engineering, 135, pp. 1418-1429; Goldberg, D., (1989) Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning, , New York: Addison Wesley New York: Addison Wesley 1989; Lian, C., Zhug, Y., Beecham, S., Modelling pervious concrete under compression loading - A discrete element approach (2011) Advances in Building Materials, Pts 1-3, 168-170, pp. 1590-1600. , L. J. Li, Ed., ed Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd; I-Cheng, Y., Computer-aided design for optimum concrete mixtures (2007) Cement and Concrete Composites, 29, pp. 193-202 Sponsors: Fujian University of Technology; Xiamen University; Fuzhou University; Huaqiao University; University of Wollongong
M M Rahman, M Z Jumaat, M A Hosen (2012)  Genetic algorithm for material cost minimization of external strengthening system with fiber reinforced polymer   In: 3rd international Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering, ICMSE 2012 1817-1822  
Abstract: An optimization procedural method for designing fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) plate for strengthening reinforced concrete beam is presented. The optimization procedure is formulated to find the design variables leading to the minimum cost of structural strengthening system using CFRP plate with constraints imposed based on TR55 code provisions. Genetic algorithm based approach is utilized to solve the optimization task. The cost of FRP plate and epoxy adhesive is included in the formulation of the objective function. The ultimate limit states and the serviceability limit states are included in formulation of constraints. A numerical example is given to show the validity of the proposed optimization method.
Notes: Conference code: 88899 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.468-471.1817 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Rahman, M.M.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: moshiur72@siswa.um.edu.my References: Zhang, W., Zhang, M.Y., Gao, L.T., Experimental study on the bending properties of GFRP middle beam in foundation pit support (2011) Materials Science and Engineering Applications, Pts 1-3, pp. 921-926. , G.J. Zhang and J. Xu, Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Wang, X.C., Calculation of flexural capacity of SRC beams strengthened with CFRP (2011) Advanced Engineering Materials, Pts 1-3, pp. 1154-1159. , J.M. Zeng, et al., Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Peng, Y.P., Ma, M., Chen, M.X., Study on effect of FRP reinforced manners on seismic performance of concrete frame structure (2010) 7th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historic Constructions: Strengthening and Retrofitting, Pts 1 and 2, pp. 911-916. , X.L. Gu and X.B. Song, Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Valivonis, J., Skuturna, T., Cracking and strength of RC structures in flexure strengthened with carbon fibre laminates (2007) Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 13 (4), pp. 317-323; Concrete society technical report 55, design guidance for strengthening concrete structures using fibre composite materials (2000) Concrete Society Technical Report 552000, , The concrete Society, Crowthrone, UK Crowthrone, UK; Wang, W.X., Shang, Y.L., Zhang, L.S., A generalized filled function for non-smooth constrained global optimization (2011) Advanced Research on Industry, Information Systems and Material Engineering, Pts 1-7, pp. 114-117. , H. Zhang, G. Shen, and D. Jin, Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Holland, Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems, MIT1975, , Cambride, Mass: MIT Press; Goldberg, D., (1989) Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning, , New York: Addison Wesley 1989, New York: Addison Wesley; Jun, X.S., Wei, Q., Grid resource scheduling strategy based on elite DNA genetic algorithm (2011) Advanced Research on Industry, Information Systems and Material Engineering, Pts 1-7, pp. 1594-1598. , H. Zhang, G. Shen, and D. Jin, Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Yuan, X., Fuzzy parallel machines scheduling problem based on genetic algorithm (2011) Advanced Research on Industry, Information Systems and Material Engineering, Pts 1-7, pp. 856-861. , H. Zhang, G. Shen, and D. Jin, Editors Trans Tech Publications Ltd: Stafa-Zurich; Neubauer, U., Rostasy, F.S., Design aspects of concrete structures strengthened with externally bonded CFRP-plates (1997) Proceedings 7th International Conference on Structural Faults and Repairs; Arya, C., TR 55: Design guidance for stengthening concrete structures using fibre composite materials: A review (2002) Engineering Structures, 24 (7), pp. 889-900 Sponsors: Fujian University of Technology; Xiamen University; Fuzhou University; Huaqiao University; University of Wollongong
2011
M Jameel, S Ahmad, A Islam, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Nonlinear Analysis of Fully Coupled Integrated Spar-Mooring Line System   In: Int. Offshore Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE 2011). Maui, Hawii 19-24  
Abstract: Oil and gas exploration have moved from shallow water to much deeper water far off the continental shelf. Spar platforms under deep water conditions are found to be the most economical and efficient type of offshore platform. The number of operational Spar platforms such as SB-1, Shell’s ESSCO, Brent Spar, Oryx Neptune Spar, Chevron Genesis Spar and Exxon’s Diana Spar in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea prove the effectiveness and success of such platforms in deepwater conditions. For platforms in deeper waters, mooring lines generally contribute significant inertia and damping due to their longer lengths, larger sizes, and heavier weights. Accurate motion analysis of platforms in deep waters requires that these damping values be included. The most common approach for solving the dynamics of Spar platform is to employ a decoupled quasi-static method, which ignores all or part of the interaction effects between the platform and mooring lines. Coupled analysis, which includes the mooring lines and platform in a single model, is the only way to capture the damping from mooring lines in a consistent manner. The present coupling is capable in matching the forces, displacement, velocities and acceleration at the fairlead position along with all possible significant non-linearities. The output from such analyses will be platform motions as well as a detailed mooring line response. The computational efforts required for coupled system analysis considering a complete model including all mooring lines are substantial and should therefore mainly be considered as a tool for final verification purposes. In actual field problems hydrodynamic loads due to wave and currents act simultaneously on Spar platform and mooring lines. In finite element model, the entire structure acts as a continuum. This model can handle all non-linearities, loading and boundary conditions. The commercial finite element code ABAQUS/ AQUA is found to be suitable for the present study. The selected configuration of the offshore Spar platform is analysed under the regular wave loading and its structural response behavior in steady state is studied. The response of Spar-mooring system is obtained after 1 and 3 hours of storm. The result shows the effect of mooring line damping due to fully coupled analysis of Spar-mooring system.
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M Mohammad, M Z B Jumaat, M Chemrouk, A Ghasemi, S J S Hakim, R Najmeh (2011)  An experimental investigation of the stress-strain distribution in high strength concrete deep beams   In: 12th East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, EASEC12 2141-2150  
Abstract: This paper discusses the behaviour, design and analysis of high strength reinforced concrete (HSC) deep beams regarding the neutral axis variation. The study of this structural element is motivated by the lack of a clear procedure for the design of these structural elements, which have many useful applications such as in foundations, in offshore structures, in tall buildings and in bridges. It should be noted however, that the design of these structural elements is not covered sufficiently by the existing codes of practices. For example, the British code BS8110 explicitly states that, for design of deep beams, reference should be made to specialist literature. Other codes such as the ACI, the draft Euro code EC/2, the Canadian code and the CIRIA guide No.2b present some design guidelines based on empirical analysis. The present research consists of six HSC deep beams designed and casted with self compacted concrete (SCC). The main goal of this research is to study the stress-strain distribution along the beam section at mid-span and discuss the variation of the neutral axis within the depth. Sufficient horizontal and vertical web reinforcement are used to ensure tensile reinforcement yielding before shear failure. It was decided to keep the beam’s length, depth and thickness constant while varying the tensile reinforcement percentage. Strain gauges have been attached on the concrete surface, on the tensile reinforcement and on the horizontal and vertical web bars to monitor the strains, both in concrete and in the different reinforcement bars. The data show clearly that the distribution of strains, and hence of stresses, in the deep beams studied is completely different from the linear one, commonly accepted for ordinary.
Notes: Conference code: 86909 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.269 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Mohammad, M.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of MalayaMalaysia; email: mmh356@yahoo.com References: Shear strength of reinforced concrete members (1973) Proceedings ASCE, 99 (ST6), pp. 1091-187. , ACI-ASCE Committee 426 [Reaffirmed in 1980 and published by ACI as Publication No. 426R-74]; Structural use of concrete (1985) BS 8110: Part 1. Code of Practice for Design and Construction, , British Standard Institution, BSI, London; Franz, D., Beitrag zur theorie der halscheib und des wandartigen balkens (1932) Publications, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 1, pp. 69-93; Design of deep girder Concrete Information NO. ST66, , Portland cements Association, Chicago; Li, C., Conway, H.D., Winter, G., Stress in deep beam (1952) Proceedings, ASCE, 78 (127). , Separate, May; Kaar, P.H., STRESSES in centrally loaded deep beams (1957) Proceedings, Society for Experimental Stress Analysis, 15 (1), p. 77; Mohammad, M., (2010) Stress Distribution in High Strength Concrete Deep Beam, , Proceeding PhD thesis, University Malaya; Design of concrete structure A23.3-94 (1994) Rexdale, 199p. , Canadian Standards Association
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat, N H R Sulong (2011)  Local stiffening of steel I-beams by using CFRP materials   In: 2011 International Conference on Structures and Building Materials, ICSBM 2011 3838-3843  
Abstract: This paper reports the experimental studies on the local stiffening of steel I-beams by using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips. One of the problems which frequently occur for steel section is the large local deformation under point loads. To study the effects of applying CFRP for local stiffening, four steel I-beams were selected and tested to failure. The first beam had no steel stiffeners below the point loads and used as the control beam. The second beam had steel stiffeners and was not enhanced by using CFRP strip. The third and fourth beams had no steel stiffeners below the point loads and were strengthened on the compressive flanges by using two longitudinal CFRP strips. Also, the third and fourth specimens were strengthened on the web by using the latitudinal CFRP strips in the discrete and continual types, respectively. The results show that applying CFRP on the compressive flange and web increased the load bearing capacity and decreased the local and overall deformations appropriately. Also, the full-covering of the web seems to be the best type of web strengthening. © (2011) Trans Tech Publications.
Notes: Conference code: 83464 Cited By (since 1996): 3 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.163-167.3838 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Narmashiri, K.; Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: kambiz@narmashiri.com References: Sen, R., Liby, L., Mullins, G., (2001) Compos. Part B-Eng., 32, p. 309; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Moy, S.S.J., (2004) Compos. Struct., 65, p. 205; Nozaka, K., Shield, C.K., Hajjar, J.F., (2005) J Bridge Eng., 10, p. 195; Colombi, P., (2006) Eng. Fract. Mech., 73, p. 1980; Colombi, P., Poggi, C., (2006) Compos. Part B-Eng., 37, p. 64; Photiou, N.K., Hollaway, L.C., Chryssanthopoulos, M.K., (2006) Constr. Build. Mater., 20, p. 11; Youssef, M.A., (2006) Eng. Struct., 28, p. 903; Al-Saidy, A.H., Klaiber, F.W., Wipf, T.J., (2007) Constr. Build. Mater., 21, p. 295; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., (2007) Compos. Struct., 78, p. 232; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., (2007) Compos. Struct., 78, p. 222; Al-Saidy, A.H., Klaiber, F.W., Wipf, T.J., Al-Jabri, K.S., Al-Nuaimi, A.S., (2008) Constr.Build. Mater., 22, p. 729; Fam, A., Dougall, C.M., Shaat, A., (2009) Thin Wall. Struct., 47, p. 1122; Pellegrino, C., Maiorana, E., Modena, C., (2008) Mater. Struct., 42, p. 353; Rizkalla, S., Dawood, M., Schnerch, D., (2008) Compos. Part A-Appl., 39, p. 388; Bocciarelli, M., (2009) Eng. Struct., 31, p. 956; Linghoff, D., Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., (2009) Thin Wall. Struct., 47, p. 1048. , 2009; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., (2010) Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, , in press, doi:10.1016/j.simpat.2010.08.012; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Sulong, N.H.R., (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5. , in press; Patnaik, A.K., Bauer, C.L., Srivatsan, T.S., (2008) Sadhana-Acad. P. Eng. S., 33, p. 261; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Sulong, N.H.R., (2010) Sci. Res. Essays, 5, p. 2155; Zhao, X.L., Fernando, D., Al-Mahaidi, R., (2006) Eng. Struct., 28, p. 1555; Harries, K.A., Peck, A.J., Abraham, E.J., (2009) Thin Wall. Struct., 47, p. 1092; Fernando, D., Yu, T., Teng, J.G., Zhao, X.L., (2009) Thin Wall. Struct., 47, p. 1020; Zhao, X.L., Al-Mahaidi, R., (2009) Thin Wall. Struct., 47, p. 1029; (2008) SIKA Product Information, , Second ed.(Sika Kimia Sdn Bhd. Kuala Lumpur); Salmon, C.G., Johnson, J.E., Malhas, F.A., (2009) Steel Structures, Design and Behavior, , Fifth ed. (Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey)
Safiuddin Md, A Salam Md, M Z Jumaat (2011)  Correlations between fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete including palm oil fuel ash   In: 1st International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and Building Materials, CEABM 2011 409-416  
Abstract: Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been used successfully as a supplementary cementing material in various types of concrete. In the present study, self-consolidating concrete (SCC) was produced by using POFA as a partial replacement of ordinary portland cement (OPC). In total, sixteen SCC mixes were prepared by varying water to binder (W/B) ratio, POFA content, and high-range water reducer (HRWR). POFA was used by replacing 0-30% of OPC by weight at the W/B ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.40. The filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of various SCC mixes were investigated. The filling ability was determined with respect to slump flow, 50-cm slump flow time, inverted slump cone flow spread and time, and V-funnel flow time. The passing ability was examined with respect to J-ring flow. In addition, the segregation resistance was assessed with regard to sieve segregation index and column segregation factor. Based on the data obtained, the correlations for the fresh properties of SCC were sought. The experimental findings showed strong correlations between most of the fresh properties of SCC.
Notes: Conference code: 84978 Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.250-253.409 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Safiuddin, Md.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; email: msafiudd@engmail.uwaterloo.ca References: Khayat, K.H., (1999) ACI Materials Journal, 96, p. 346; Okamura, H., Ouchi, M., (2003) Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 1, p. 5; Ozawa, K., Maekawa, K., Kunishima, M., Okamura, H., (1989) Proceedings of the Second East-Asia and Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, p. 445. , EASEC-21, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Okamura, H., Ozawa, K., (1995) Concrete Library of JSCE, 25, p. 107; Cyr, M., Mouret, M., (2003) Proceedings of the Seventh CANMET/ACI International Conference on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, p. 241. , edited by V.M., Malhotra, American Concrete Institute, Michigan, USA; Kim, H., Park, Y.-D., Noh, J., Song, Y., Han, C., Kang, S., (1997) Proceedings of the Third CANMET/ACI International Conference, p. 653. , edited by V.M. Malhotra, American Concrete Institute, Michigan, USA; Safiudd, Md., (2008) Development of Self-consolidating High Performance Concrete Incorporating Rice Husk Ash, , Ph.D. Thesis, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Abdullah, K., Hussin, M.W., Zakaria, F., Muhamad, R., Hamid, Z.A., (2006) Proceedings of the 6th Asia-Pacific Structural Conference on Engineering and Construction, pp. B132-B140. , APSEC 2006 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Tangchirapat, W., Jaturapitakkul, C., Chindaprasirt, P., (2009) Construction and Building Materials, 23, p. 2641; Tonnayopas, D., Nilrat, F., Putto, K., Tantiwitayawanich, J., (2006) Proceedings of the 4th Thailand Materials Science and Technology Conference, p. 1. , Pathumthani, Thailand; Sumadi, S.R., Huss, M.W., (1995) Journal of Ferrocement, 25, p. 25; Safiuddin, Md., Salam, M.A., Jumaat, M.Z., (2010) Accepeted in Journal of Civil Engineering and Management; (2002) ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, (PART 1). , ACI 211.4R-93, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA; (2006) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1611/C 1611M, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; (2002) EFNARC: Specifications and Guidelines for Self-Consolidating Concrete, , (European Federation of Supplies of Specialist Construction Chemicals (EFNARC Surrey, UK; (2006) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1621/C 1621M, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Nagataki, S., Fujiwara, H., (1995) Proceedings of the Second CANMET/ACI International Symposium on Advances in Concrete Technology, p. 301. , edited by V. M. Malhotra, American Concrete Institute, Farmingham Hills, Michigan, USA; (2006) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 4 (2). , ASTM C 1610/C 1610M, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, USA; Parez, N., Romero, H., Hermida, G., Cuellar, G., (2002) Proceedings of the First North American Conference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, p. 101. , edited by S.P. Shah, J.A. Daczko and J.N. Lingscheit, Hanley-Wood, LLC, Illinois, USA; Koehler, E.P., Fowler, D.W., (2006) ICAR Mixture Proportioning Procedure for Self-Consolidating Concrete, , (Research Report 108-1, International Center for Aggregates Research, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA Sponsors: Hainan University, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture; Guizhou University, College of Civil and Architecture Engineering; Hainan Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
2008
MZ Jumaat, M A Alam (2008)  Experimental and Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of End Anchored Flexurally Strengthened RC Beams    
Abstract: This study presents the experimental and nonlinear finite element studies on end anchored flexurally strengthened r.c. beams using steel plate and CFRP laminate. Flexurally strengthening of reinforced concrete (r.c.) beam is now becoming more and more important in the field of structural maintenance and retrofitting. Plate bonding methods using steel plate and CFRP laminates are very widely used. However, premature debonding at plate ends i.e. end peelings have been a major concern in using these methods. To prevent end peeling, end anchoring using L shape plate is proposed in this paper. In the experimental programme, three r.c. beams were cast. One beam was tested in the un-strengthened condition to act as the control beam. Two beams were strengthened, one with steel plate and the other one with CFRP laminate. Both strengthened beams were end anchored using L-shape plates. The beams were also modeled using a FEM packaged. The results indicate that the strengthened beams with end anchors recorded the highest failure loads and their modes of failure were ductile. The numerical results seemed to be able to predict the behaviour of the beams satisfactorily.
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U J Alengaram, M Z Jumaat, H Mahmud (2008)  Influence of sand content and silica fume on mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete   In: International conference on construction and building technology ICCBT 251-262  
Abstract: This paper reports the results of an experimental investigation carried out on the use of palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate to produce grade 35 lightweight concrete. The cementitious materials included 10% of silica fume as additional cementitious materials and 5 % fly ash as cement replacement materials. The variable, sand to cement ratio (s/c) was varied between 1.0 and 1.6. All mixes have been superplasticized. It has been found that the increase in sand content has positive influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. The saturated density and compressive strength of the concrete were found in the range of 1850 – 1960 kg/m3and 28-38 MPa. The other mechanical properties such as flexural and splitting tensile strengths were found in the range of 2.76 – 4.76 MPa and 1.9 – 2.61MPa, respectively over a period of 90 day. Other notable improvement was found in the modulus of elasticity. The static modulus of elasticity was found in the range of 8 – 11 GPa. The addition of silica fume resulted in cohesive mix and showed slumps in the range of 65-105 mm. The sand content is likely to increases both density and compressive strength. However an increase of s/c ratio beyond 1.6 is likely to make the concrete density above 2000 kg/m3.When the sand content was increased from 1.0 to 1.6, the increase in 28-day compressive strength was found about 24% for density increase of about 4%.
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M Z Jumaat, F M Razali, A H A Rahim (2008)  Development of limit state design method for Malaysian bolted timber joints   In: 10th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2008 1002-1009  
Abstract: The existing procedure for designing bolted timber joints in Malaysia is still based on the working stress design method (WSDM), in accordance with the MS 544: Part 5:2001. Timber design standards in most developed countries presently have been revised to incorporate the limit state design method (LSDM). This paper outlines a study, which is being carried out to propose a procedure for adopting the LSDM in the next revision of the Malaysian Standard. The embedment test parallel to the grain in accordance with the BS EN 383:1993 was carried out for three bolt sizes and five species of Malaysian timbers from various densities. The results were found to be similar to the values for hardwoods that are suggested in Eurocode 5. Joint tests on double shear bolted joint parallel to the grain were also carried out to determine the ultimate capacities of the joints. The ultimate loads obtained from the experimental works were then compared to the European Yield Load (EYM).
Notes: Conference code: 92343 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: zamin@um.edu.my References: (1967) The Structural Use of Timber, British Code of Practice, CP112: 1967, , Anon, British Standard Institution, London; Code of Practice for Structural Use of Timber, MS 544: 1978, p. 1978. , Anon, Standard Industrial Research Institute Malaysia (SIRIM); Abdul Rashid, A.M., Midon, M.S., Jumaat, M.Z., Majid, W.M.W.A., Revised Malaysian code of practice for structural use of timber (2004) Proceeding of the 8th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2004), pp. 43-48. , Lahti, Finland, June 14-17; Code of Practice for Permissible Stress Design, Materials and Workmanship,BS 5268: Part 2: 1996, p. 1996. , Anon, British Standard Institution, London; (1997) Timber Structures, Part 1: Design Methods, , Anon. AS 1720.1-1997, Standards Association of Australia, The Crescent, Homebush; Chu, Y.P., Structural timber joints (1987) Malayan Forest Records No. 32, pp. 47-68. , Forest Research Institute Malaysia; Johansen, K.W., (1949) Theory of Timber Connection, pp. 243-262. , IABSE Publication No. 9, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering; Mc Lain, T.E., Thangjitnam, S., Bolted wood joint-yield model (1983) Journal of the Structural Division, 109 (8), pp. 1820-1835. , American Society of Civil Engineers; Soltis, L.A., Hubbard, F.K., Wilkinson, T.L., Bearing strength of bolted timber joints (1986) Journal of Structural Engineering, 112 (9), pp. 2141-2154. , American Society of Civil Engineers;1986; Soltis, L.A., Wilkinson, T.L., Bolted connection design (1990) General Technical Report, FPLGTR- 54, USDA Forest Service, , Forest Product Laboratory; (2001) Code of Practice for Structural Use of Timber, Part 5: Timber Joints, MS 544: Part 5: 2001, , Anon, Department of Standards Malaysia; (1993) Timber Structures-Test Methods- Determination of Embedding Strength and Foundation Values for Dowel-type Fasteners, BS en 383: 1993, , Anon,British Standard Institution, United Kingdom, England; (1997) Timber-Methods of Test, , Anon, Method 1: Moisture Content,AS/NZS 1080.1: 1997, Joint Standard Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee TM/3; (1998) Determination of Basic Working Loads for Metal Fasteners Connectors- Basic Working Loads and Characteristics Strength, AS 1649-1998, , Anon, Standard Association of Australia, Sydney; Hilson, B.O., Whale, L.R.J., Pope, D.J., Smith, I., Characteristic Properties of Nailed and Bolted Joints under Short-term Lateral Load. Part 3: Analysis and interpretation of embedment test data in terms density and related trends (1987) Journal of the Institute of Wood Science, 11 (2), pp. 65-71. , The Institute of Wood Science Limited; Rammer, D.R., Parallel-to-grain dowel-bearing strength of two Guatemalan Hardwoods (1999) Forest Product Journal, 46 (6), pp. 77-87; Sawata, K., Yasumura, M., Determination of embedding strength of wood for dowel typefasteners (2002) Journal of Wood Science, 48, pp. 138-146. , The Japan Wood Research Society; (2004) Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures, Part1-1:General Rules and Rules for Building, en 1995-1-1:2004(E), p. 74. , Anon, European Committee for Standardization; Smith, I., Foliente, G.C., (2004) Development of Limit States Design Method for Timber Joints with Dowel Type Fasteners. Part 1-Literature Review, , Project No. PNO2. 1908 (Part 1) FWPRDC, Victoria, Australia; Sawata, K., Yasumura, M., Estimation of yield and ultimate strengths of bolted timber joints by nonlinear analysis and yield theory (2003) Journal of Wood Science, 49, pp. 383-391. , The Japan Wood Research Society
M Z Jumaat, V R Tosee (2008)  An inestigation in mechanical properties and workability of Lightweight concrete with various percentages of scoria instead of sand   In: 11th East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, EASEC-11  
Abstract: In this paper the mechanical properties and workability of different Lightweight concrete made with 0, 35 50, 55 70, 100 percents of scoria instead of sand and different water - cement ratios and cement contents has been studied. This percentage has been result with testing from Lightweight mortar made with 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percents of Scoria instead of sand. The result indicate that with (55 70) percent of scoria instead of sand in the mix, an acceptable mechanical strength and low density can be obtained. Also due to larger water absorption of scoria, the concretes made with different percentages of scoria need Larger Water-cement ratio for suitable work ability.
Notes: Conference code: 93278 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M. Z.; Department of Civil Engineering UniversityMalaysia; email: zamin@um.edu.my References: Abedi, J., Mollahi, A., An Investigation in Mechanical Property of Lightweight-Concrete with Rice Stalk (2005) 2nd International Conferences on Concrete & Development, p. 112. , Tehran, Iran, April30-May2; Famili, H., (1997) A Project About Lightweight Concrete, , Published by University of Elmosanat, Iran, Tehran, August; Merikallio, T., Mannonen, R., Drying of Lightweight Concrete Produced From Crushed Expended Clay Aggregates (1996) Com Concer Res, 26 (9), pp. 1423-1433. , Sep; Ramazanniapour, A., Nilfroshan, A., An Investigation in Mechanical Property of Lightweight Concrete with Lica Compare with Scoria (2007) 3rd National Conferences on Civil Engineering, p. 51. , Tabriz, Iran, May1-3; Sanahi, G., (1998) Application of Perlit in Construction Process, , University of Tabriz, Iran; Shideler, J., Lightweight Aggregate Concrete for Structural Use (1975) ACI Journal, 54 (4), pp. 299-328. , Oct; Shorabi, M., Rigi, A., Application of Lightweight Concrete Properties with Lightweight Grain of Taftan in Construction Methoh (2005) 2nd International Conferences on Concrete & Development, p. 109. , Tehran, Iran, April30-May2; Short, M., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, p. 464. , Galliard; Sari, D., Pasamehmetoglu, A., The Effect of Grading and Admixture on the Pumice Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (2004) 2nd Department of Civil Engineering, , Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey, May21; Razavi, S.V., An Investigation in Mechanical Property and Workability of Lightweight Mortar with Various Percentages of Scoria Instead of Sand (2007) European Asian Civil Engineering, , Pelta Harapan University, Indonesia
2006
M Z Jumaat, A A Bakar, F M Razali, A H A Rahim, J Othman (2006)  The determination of the embedment strength of Malaysian hardwood   In: 9th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2006, WCTE 2006 908-911  
Abstract: Research on determining the embedment strength of Malaysia timber species is currently being conducted. Prior to this, there is no data on the embedment strength of Malaysian timber available as there are no study been conducted locally which emphasize in this area. The experimental works on determining this fundamental parameter of a connection are being carried out on selected species of local hardwood timber. The species selected represents various joints groups. Data and results were analysed and using the embedment strength values approaches which are similar to those adopted in Europe, the basic load of timber joints to be used in the limit state design method will be forwarded for consideration to be incorporated in the Malaysian code of practice.
Notes: Conference code: 94049 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Smith, I., Hilson, B.O., Whale, L.R.J., Pope, D.J., Characteristic properties of nailed and bolted joints under short-term lateral load. Part 3: Analysis and interpretation of embedment test data in terms density and related trends (1987) Journal of Institute of Wood Science, 11 (2), pp. 65-71; Wilkinson, T.L., Dowel bearing strength (1991) Research Paper FPL-RP-505. USDA Forest Service, 9p. , Forest Product Laboratory, Madison, WI; Rammer, D.R., Parallel-to-grain dowel-bearing strength of two Guatemalan hardwoods (1999) Forest Product Journal, 49 (6), pp. 77-87; Davis, T.J., Claisse, P.A., Bolted joints in glulam and structural timber composites (2000) Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 14, pp. 407-417; Rammer, D.R., Winistorfer, S.G., Effect of moisture content on dowel-bearing strength (2001) Journal of Wood and Fiber Science, 33 (1), pp. 126-139; Sawata, K., Yasumura, M., Determination of embedding strength of wood for dowel-type fasteners (2002) Journal of Wood Science, 48, pp. 138-146; Sawata, K., Yasumura, M., Estimation of yield and ultimate strengths of bolted timber joints by nonlinear analysis and yield theory (2003) Journal of Wood Science, 49, pp. 383-391; (1993) Timber Structures-Test Methods-Determination of Embedding Strength and Foundation Values for Dowel-type Fasteners, , Anon BS EN 383 United Kingdom, England
M Z Jumaat, A H A Rahim, J Othman, F M Razali (2006)  Timber engineering research and education in Malaysia   In: 9th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2006, WCTE 2006 2494-2497  
Abstract: The current state of affairs in Malaysia is that the interest in using timber as a structural member is almost non-existence. Use of structural timber currently is limited to formworks and trusses. Even in this usage it is competing fiercely with steel and other materials. Knowledge on timber properties and design are also lacking among the architects and engineers. In terms of timber researches, a number of research works are currently being conducted while in education only a few universities are offering courses on timber design. As works that needed to be done, the main emphasize should be in terms of promotions. These include conducting short courses, seminars and producing relevant timber design materials to the engineers and architect, in particular, and the public in general. Works to lobby the appropriate authorities to include timber design in engineering course in universities and to change by laws that restrict the use of timber as construction materials should also be emphasized.
Notes: Conference code: 94049 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Jumaat, M.Z.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia References: Mat Lazim, Z., An investigation on the behaviour of timber-concrete composite T beams (1986) Jurnal Teknologi, 6, pp. 19-27. , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai; Mohd Zulkifli, G., Finite element analysis of timber concrete composite T-beam (1989) Proceedings of the Second Pacific Timber Engineering Conference, , University Auckland. New Zealand; Jumaat, M.Z., Tan, Y.E., Design of glued laminated timber in accordance with the MS544: Part 3 (2001) Paper Presented in Conjunction with CIDB Road Show on Timber Standards for the Construction Industry at CIDB, , Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia; Yeoh, E.C., David, A.S., Tan, Y.E., Effect of metal plate connected joints on strength properties of rubberwood laminated veneer lumber (2004) The Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Timber Engineering, , Finland, June 2004; (1978) Code of Practice for the Structural use of Timbers, , Anon MS 544:1978; (2001) Code of Practice for the Structural use of Timber, Part 1: General, , Anon MS 544, 2001
U J Alengaram, H Mahmud, M Z Jumaat  Development of lightweight concrete using industrial waste material, palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate and its properties   In: Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE), 2010 2nd International Conference on 277-281 IEEE  
Abstract: Abstract-Agricultural industrial wastes produced after extracting palm oil from palm fruits known as palm kernel shell (PKS) are available in large quantities in Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria and other tropical countries. Malaysia is the second largest palm oil producing country in the world. This paper reports the results of an investigation conducted to utilize the PKS as lightweight aggregate to produce grade30 concrete with density of about 1850kg/m3. The properties of both PKS and crushed granite aggregates were compared. The concrete produced using PKS referred to here after as palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC) and its properties were compared with properties of normal weight concrete (NWC) of grade 30 produced using crushed granite aggregates. The fresh and hardened concrete properties such as density, workability, compressive strength of PKSC and NWC were compared. Further, structural behavior through flexural test was investigated. It has been found that PKSC has produced workable concrete and compressive strength of about 35MPa was obtained within 90 days. The addition of 10% silica fume has effect on both workability and strength. The as-cured density of PKSC was found 22% lower than the NWC. Further, the moment capacity of PKSC beams was found higher than NWC beams. In addition, the mode of failure observed in PKSC was ductile compared to the brittle failure of NWC beams.
Notes:
K Narmashiri, M Z Jumaat, N H R Sulong  Failure modes of CFRP flexural strengthened steel I-beams   In: 8th International Conference on Composite Science and Technology, ICCST8 590-595  
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies on the flexural strengthened steel I-beams by using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips. Nowadays, strengthening existing steel structures by using CFRP has been widely interested. One of the common usages of CFRP to strengthen steel beams is the flexural upgrading. In this case, CFRP strips are pasted on the tensile flange to improve flexural behaviors. The problems that are frequently reported for CFRP strengthened steel beams are the debonding, delaminating (peeling), and splitting. Identification these failure modes are essential to provide an appropriate level of safety for strengthened steel beams. To investigate the CFRP failure modes, four strengthened steel I-beams were chosen. The CFRP plates with different thicknesses in single and double (splice) layers were used. Both experimental test (four-points bending test) and numerical simulation (full 3D simulation with ANSYS) were employed. The incremental loading was applied until failure while deformations in the critical regions were recorded. The results reveal that for the CFRP flexural strengthened steel beams the following failure modes occurred: (a) debonding at the CFRP plate tips, (b) debonding below point loads, (c) delaminating at the ends of CFRP plate, and (d) splitting below point loads. The sequence of failure modes depended on the specifications of CFRP plate. Some recommendations are provided to overcome/retard these failures. © (2011) Trans Tech Publications.
Notes: Conference code: 84301 Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: KEMAE doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.471-472.590 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Narmashiri, K.; Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran; email: narmashiri@siswa.um.edu.my References: Hollaway, L.C., Zhang, L., Photiou, N.K., Teng, J.G., Zhang, S.S., (2006) Adv. Struct. Eng., 9, p. 791; Buyukozturk, O., Gunes, O., Karaca, E., (2004) Const. Build. Mater., 18, p. 9; Chiew, S.P., Lie, S.T., Lee, C.K., Yu, Y., Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, Shanghai (2005); Schnerch, D., Stanford, K., Sumner, E., Rizkalla, S., (2005) International Symposium on Bond Behaviour of FRP in Structures (BBFS 2005); Al-Emrani, M., Linghoff, D., Kliger, R., (2005) International Symposium on Bond Behaviour of FRP in Structures (BBFS 2005); Lenwari, A., Thepchatri, T., Albrecht, P., (2005) J. Compos. for Const., 9, p. 296; Schnerch, D., Dawood, M., Rizkalla, S., Sumner, E., Stanford, K., (2006) Adv. Struct. Eng., 9, p. 805; Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., (2006) Adv. Struct. Eng., 9, p. 819; Lenwari, A., Thepchatri, T., Albrecht, P., (2006) J. Compos. for Const., 10, p. 69; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2007), HongKong, China (2007); Benachour, A., Benyoucefa, S., Tounsi, A., Bedia, E.A.A., (2008) Engn. Struct., 30, p. 3305; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., (2011) Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, 19, p. 564; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Ramli Sulong, N.H., (2010) Int. J. Phys. Sci., 5, p. 1360; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Ramli Sulong, N.H., (2010) Sci. Res. Essays, 5, p. 2155; Narmashiri, K., Jumaat, M.Z., Ramli Sulong, N.H., (2011) Adv. Mater. Res., 163-167, p. 3838; Haghani, R., Al-Emrani, M., Kliger, R., (2009) Const. Build. Mater., 23, p. 1413; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., Moy, S.S.J., (2004) Compos. Struct., 65, p. 205; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., (2007) Compos. Struct., 78, p. 232; Deng, J., Lee, M.M.K., (2007) Compos. Struct., 78, p. 222; Rizkalla, S., Dawood, M., (2006) Developments in Composites: Advanced, Infrastructural, Natural and Nano-compsoites, , Sydney, Australia
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